16.FlinkTable & SQL\为什么需要Table & SQL

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-30 07:18:25 发布

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分类专栏： # 黑马贺岁Flink学习笔记文章标签： sql java 数据库

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/tototuzuoquan/article/details/125693048

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16.FlinkTable & SQL
16.1.为什么需要Table & SQL
16.2.发展历史
16.3.API
16.4.核心概念
16.5.案例1
16.6.案例2
16.7.案例3
16.8.案例4

16.FlinkTable & SQL

16.1.为什么需要Table & SQL

在这里插入图片描述

16.2.发展历史

在这里插入图片描述

16.3.API

依赖
https://ci.apache.org/projects/flink/flink-docs-release-1.12/dev/table/
程序结构
https://ci.apache.org/projects/flink/flink-docs-release-1.12/dev/table/common.html
创建环境
https://ci.apache.org/projects/flink/flink-docs-release-1.12/dev/table/common.html
创建表
https://ci.apache.org/projects/flink/flink-docs-release-1.12/dev/table/common.html
查询
https://ci.apache.org/projects/flink/flink-docs-release-1.12/dev/table/common.html
整合DataStream
https://ci.apache.org/projects/flink/flink-docs-release-1.12/dev/table/common.html

16.4.核心概念

在这里插入图片描述

动态表/无界表
连续查询/需要借助State

16.5.案例1

将DataStream数据转Table和View然后使用sql进行统计查询

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.apache.flink.api.java.tuple.Tuple2;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStream;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.table.api.EnvironmentSettings;
import org.apache.flink.table.api.Table;
import org.apache.flink.table.api.bridge.java.StreamTableEnvironment;

import java.util.Arrays;

import static org.apache.flink.table.api.Expressions.$;

/**
 * 演示Flink Table & SQL 案例- 将DataStream数据转Table
 *
 * @author tuzuoquan
 * @date 2022/6/2 14:50
 */
public class Demo01 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //TODO 0.env
        StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
        EnvironmentSettings settings = EnvironmentSettings.newInstance().useBlinkPlanner().inStreamingMode().build();
        StreamTableEnvironment tenv = StreamTableEnvironment.create(env, settings);

        //TODO 1.source
        DataStream<Order> orderA = env.fromCollection(Arrays.asList(
                new Order(1L, "beer", 3),
                new Order(1L, "diaper", 4),
                new Order(3L, "rubber", 2)));

        DataStream<Order> orderB = env.fromCollection(Arrays.asList(
                new Order(2L, "pen", 3),
                new Order(2L, "rubber", 3),
                new Order(4L, "beer", 1)));

        //TODO 2.transformation
        // 将DataStream数据转Table和View,然后查询
        Table tableA = tenv.fromDataStream(orderA, $("user"), $("product"), $("amount"));
        tableA.printSchema();
        System.out.println(tableA);

        System.out.println("==========================================");

        tenv.createTemporaryView("tableB", orderB, $("user"), $("product"), $("amount"));

        //查询:tableA中amount>2的和tableB中amount>1的数据最后合并
        /*
         select * from tableA where amount > 2
         union
         select * from tableB where amount > 1
         */
        String sql = "select * from "+tableA+" where amount > 2 " +
                "union " +
                " select * from tableB where amount > 1";

        Table resultTable = tenv.sqlQuery(sql);
        resultTable.printSchema();
        //UnnamedTable$1
        System.out.println(resultTable);

        System.out.println("==========================================");

        //将Table转为DataStream
        //DataStream<Order> resultDS = tenv.toAppendStream(resultTable, Order.class);//union all使用toAppendStream
        //union使用toRetractStream
        DataStream<Tuple2<Boolean, Order>> resultDS = tenv.toRetractStream(resultTable, Order.class);
        //toAppendStream → 将计算后的数据append到结果DataStream中去
        //toRetractStream  → 将计算后的新的数据在DataStream原数据的基础上更新true或是删除false
        //类似StructuredStreaming中的append/update/complete

        //TODO 3.sink
        resultDS.print();

        //TODO 4.execute
        env.execute();
    }

    @Data
    @NoArgsConstructor
    @AllArgsConstructor
    public static class Order {
        public Long user;
        public String product;
        public int amount;
    }

}

输出结果：

root
 |-- user: BIGINT
 |-- product: STRING
 |-- amount: INT

UnnamedTable$0
==========================================
root
 |-- user: BIGINT
 |-- product: STRING
 |-- amount: INT

UnnamedTable$1
==========================================
8> (true,Demo01.Order(user=1, product=diaper, amount=4))
7> (true,Demo01.Order(user=1, product=beer, amount=3))
7> (true,Demo01.Order(user=2, product=pen, amount=3))
7> (true,Demo01.Order(user=2, product=rubber, amount=3))

Process finished with exit code 0

16.6.案例2

使用Table/DSL风格和SQL风格完成WordCount

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.apache.flink.api.java.tuple.Tuple2;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStream;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.table.api.EnvironmentSettings;
import org.apache.flink.table.api.Table;
import org.apache.flink.table.api.bridge.java.StreamTableEnvironment;

import static org.apache.flink.table.api.Expressions.$;

/**
 * @author tuzuoquan
 * @date 2022/6/2 16:02
 */
public class Demo02 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //TODO 0.env
        StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
        EnvironmentSettings settings = EnvironmentSettings.newInstance().useBlinkPlanner().inStreamingMode().build();
        StreamTableEnvironment tenv = StreamTableEnvironment.create(env, settings);

        //TODO 1.source
        DataStream<WC> wordsDS = env.fromElements(
                new WC("Hello", 1),
                new WC("World", 1),
                new WC("Hello", 1)
        );

        //TODO 2.transformation
        //将DataStream转为View或Table
        tenv.createTemporaryView("t_words", wordsDS,$("word"), $("frequency"));

        /**
         * select word,sum(frequency) as frequency
         * from t_words
         * group by word
         */
        String sql = "select word,sum(frequency) as frequency " +
                "from t_words " +
                "group by word";

        //执行sql
        Table resultTable = tenv.sqlQuery(sql);

        //转为DataStream
        DataStream<Tuple2<Boolean, WC>> resultDS = tenv.toRetractStream(resultTable, WC.class);
        //toAppendStream → 将计算后的数据append到结果DataStream中去
        //toRetractStream  → 将计算后的新的数据在DataStream原数据的基础上更新true或是删除false
        //类似StructuredStreaming中的append/update/complete

        //TODO 3.sink
        resultDS.print();
        //new WC("Hello", 1),
        //new WC("World", 1),
        //new WC("Hello", 1)
        //输出结果
        //(true,Demo02.WC(word=Hello, frequency=1))
        //(true,Demo02.WC(word=World, frequency=1))
        //(false,Demo02.WC(word=Hello, frequency=1))
        //(true,Demo02.WC(word=Hello, frequency=2))

        //TODO 4.execute
        env.execute();
    }

    @Data
    @NoArgsConstructor
    @AllArgsConstructor
    public static class WC {
        public String word;
        public long frequency;
    }

}

输出结构：

7> (true,Demo02.WC(word=Hello, frequency=1))
4> (true,Demo02.WC(word=World, frequency=1))
7> (false,Demo02.WC(word=Hello, frequency=1))
7> (true,Demo02.WC(word=Hello, frequency=2))

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.apache.flink.api.java.tuple.Tuple2;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStream;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.table.api.EnvironmentSettings;
import org.apache.flink.table.api.Table;
import org.apache.flink.table.api.bridge.java.StreamTableEnvironment;

import static org.apache.flink.table.api.Expressions.$;

/**
 * Desc 演示Flink Table&SQL 案例- 使用SQL和Table两种方式做WordCount
 *
 * @author tuzuoquan
 * @date 2022/6/2 17:41
 */
public class Demo02_2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //TODO 0.env
        StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
        EnvironmentSettings settings = EnvironmentSettings.newInstance().useBlinkPlanner().inStreamingMode().build();
        StreamTableEnvironment tenv = StreamTableEnvironment.create(env, settings);

        //TODO 1.source
        DataStream<WC> wordsDS = env.fromElements(
                new WC("Hello", 1),
                new WC("World", 1),
                new WC("Hello", 1)
        );

        //TODO 2.transformation
        //将DataStream转为View或Table
        Table table = tenv.fromDataStream(wordsDS);

        //使用table风格查询/DSL
        Table resultTable = table
                .groupBy($("word"))
                .select($("word"), $("frequency").sum().as("frequency"))
                .filter($("frequency").isEqual(2));

        //转换为DataStream
        DataStream<Tuple2<Boolean, WC>> resultDS = tenv.toRetractStream(resultTable, WC.class);

        //TODO 3.sink
        resultDS.print();

        //TODO 4.execute
        env.execute();
    }

    @Data
    @NoArgsConstructor
    @AllArgsConstructor
    public static class WC {
        public String word;
        public long frequency;
    }

}

16.7.案例3

需求：

使用Flink SQL来统计5秒内，每个用户的订单总数、订单的最大金额、订单的最小金额
也就是每隔5秒统计最近5秒的每个用户的订单总数、订单的最大金额、订单的最小金额
上面的需求使用流处理的Window的基本时间的滚动窗口就可以搞定！
那么接下来使用FlinkTable&SQL-API来实现。

要求：使用事件时间+Watermaker+FlinkSQL和Table中的window来实现。

package day4;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.eventtime.WatermarkStrategy;
import org.apache.flink.api.java.tuple.Tuple2;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStream;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStreamSource;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.source.RichSourceFunction;
import org.apache.flink.table.api.EnvironmentSettings;
import org.apache.flink.table.api.Table;
import org.apache.flink.table.api.bridge.java.StreamTableEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.types.Row;

import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import static org.apache.flink.table.api.Expressions.$;

/**
 * 演示Flink Table&SQL 案例- 使用事件时间+Watermaker+window完成订单统计
 *
 * @author tuzuoquan
 * @date 2022/6/2 18:12
 */
public class Demo03 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //TODO 0.env
        StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
        EnvironmentSettings settings = EnvironmentSettings.newInstance().useBlinkPlanner().inStreamingMode().build();
        StreamTableEnvironment tenv = StreamTableEnvironment.create(env, settings);

        //TODO 1.source
        DataStreamSource<Order> orderDS  = env.addSource(new RichSourceFunction<Order>() {
            private Boolean isRunning = true;
            @Override
            public void run(SourceContext<Order> ctx) throws Exception {
                Random random = new Random();
                while (isRunning) {
                    Order order = new Order(
                            UUID.randomUUID().toString(),
                            random.nextInt(3),
                            random.nextInt(101),
                            System.currentTimeMillis());
                    TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
                    ctx.collect(order);
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void cancel() {
                isRunning = false;
            }
        });

        //TODO 2.transformation
        //需求:事件时间+Watermarker+FlinkSQL和Table的window完成订单统计
        DataStream<Order> orderDSWithWatermark = orderDS.assignTimestampsAndWatermarks(WatermarkStrategy.
                <Order>forBoundedOutOfOrderness(Duration.ofSeconds(5))
                .withTimestampAssigner((order, recordTimestamp) -> order.getCreateTime())
        );

        //将DataStream-->View/Table,注意:指定列的时候需要指定哪一列是时间
        tenv.createTemporaryView("t_order",orderDSWithWatermark,$("orderId"), $("userId"), 
                $("money"), $("createTime").rowtime());
        /*
        select  userId, count(orderId) as orderCount, max(money) as maxMoney,min(money) as minMoney
        from t_order
        group by userId,
        tumble(createTime, INTERVAL '5' SECOND)
         */
        String sql = "select userId, count(orderId) as orderCount, max(money) as maxMoney,min(money) as minMoney " +
                "from t_order " +
                "group by userId, " +
                "tumble(createTime, INTERVAL '5' SECOND)";

        //执行sql
        Table resultTable = tenv.sqlQuery(sql);

        DataStream<Tuple2<Boolean, Row>> resultDS = tenv.toRetractStream(resultTable, Row.class);

        //TODO 3.sink
        resultDS.print();

        //TODO 4.execute
        env.execute();
    }
    
    @Data
    @AllArgsConstructor
    @NoArgsConstructor
    public static class Order {
        private String orderId;
        private Integer userId;
        private Integer money;
        private Long createTime;//事件时间
    }

}

输出结果：

6> (true,2,2,85,44)
7> (true,0,1,66,66)
6> (true,2,2,54,27)
6> (true,1,2,86,58)
6> (true,2,1,42,42)
7> (true,0,2,96,95)
6> (true,1,2,27,17)
6> (true,2,3,68,49)

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.eventtime.WatermarkStrategy;
import org.apache.flink.api.java.tuple.Tuple2;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStream;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStreamSource;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.source.RichSourceFunction;
import org.apache.flink.table.api.EnvironmentSettings;
import org.apache.flink.table.api.Table;
import org.apache.flink.table.api.Tumble;
import org.apache.flink.table.api.bridge.java.StreamTableEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.types.Row;

import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import static org.apache.flink.table.api.Expressions.$;
import static org.apache.flink.table.api.Expressions.lit;

/**
 * 演示Flink Table&SQL 案例- 使用事件时间+Watermaker+window完成订单统计
 *
 * @author tuzuoquan
 * @date 2022/6/2 18:12
 */
public class Demo03_2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //TODO 0.env
        StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
        EnvironmentSettings settings = EnvironmentSettings.newInstance().useBlinkPlanner().inStreamingMode().build();
        StreamTableEnvironment tenv = StreamTableEnvironment.create(env, settings);

        //TODO 1.source
        DataStreamSource<Order> orderDS  = env.addSource(new RichSourceFunction<Order>() {
            private Boolean isRunning = true;
            @Override
            public void run(SourceContext<Order> ctx) throws Exception {
                Random random = new Random();
                while (isRunning) {
                    Order order = new Order(
                            UUID.randomUUID().toString(),
                            random.nextInt(3),
                            random.nextInt(101),
                            System.currentTimeMillis());
                    TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
                    ctx.collect(order);
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void cancel() {
                isRunning = false;
            }
        });

        //TODO 2.transformation
        //需求:事件时间+Watermarker+FlinkSQL和Table的window完成订单统计
        DataStream<Order> orderDSWithWatermark = orderDS.assignTimestampsAndWatermarks(WatermarkStrategy.
                <Order>forBoundedOutOfOrderness(Duration.ofSeconds(5))
                .withTimestampAssigner((order, recordTimestamp) -> order.getCreateTime())
        );

        //将DataStream-->View/Table,注意:指定列的时候需要指定哪一列是时间
        tenv.createTemporaryView("t_order",orderDSWithWatermark,$("orderId"), $("userId"),
                $("money"), $("createTime").rowtime());
        /*
        select  userId, count(orderId) as orderCount, max(money) as maxMoney,min(money) as minMoney
        from t_order
        group by userId,
        tumble(createTime, INTERVAL '5' SECOND)
         */
        Table resultTable = tenv.from("t_order")
                .window(Tumble.over(lit(5).second())
                        .on($("createTime"))
                        .as("tumbleWindow"))
                .groupBy($("tumbleWindow"), $("userId"))
                .select(
                        $("userId"),
                        $("orderId").count().as("orderCount"),
                        $("money").max().as("maxMoney"),
                        $("money").min().as("minMoney")
                );

        DataStream<Tuple2<Boolean, Row>> resultDS = tenv.toRetractStream(resultTable, Row.class);

        //TODO 3.sink
        resultDS.print();

        //TODO 4.execute
        env.execute();
    }

    @Data
    @AllArgsConstructor
    @NoArgsConstructor
    public static class Order {
        private String orderId;
        private Integer userId;
        private Integer money;
        private Long createTime;//事件时间
    }

}

16.8.案例4

在这里插入图片描述

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.apache.flink.api.java.tuple.Tuple2;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStream;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.table.api.EnvironmentSettings;
import org.apache.flink.table.api.Table;
import org.apache.flink.table.api.TableResult;
import org.apache.flink.table.api.bridge.java.StreamTableEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.types.Row;

/**
 * 演示Flink Table & SQL 案例- 从Kafka
 *
 * @author tuzuoquan
 * @date 2022/6/2 19:52
 */
public class Demo04 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //TODO 0.env
        StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
        EnvironmentSettings settings = EnvironmentSettings.newInstance().useBlinkPlanner().inStreamingMode().build();
        StreamTableEnvironment tenv = StreamTableEnvironment.create(env, settings);

        //TODO 1.source
        TableResult inputTable = tenv.executeSql(
                "CREATE TABLE input_kafka (\n" +
                        "  `user_id` BIGINT,\n" +
                        "  `page_id` BIGINT,\n" +
                        "  `status` STRING\n" +
                        ") WITH (\n" +
                        "  'connector' = 'kafka',\n" +
                        "  'topic' = 'input_kafka',\n" +
                        "  'properties.bootstrap.servers' = 'node1:9092',\n" +
                        "  'properties.group.id' = 'testGroup',\n" +
                        "  'scan.startup.mode' = 'latest-offset',\n" +
                        "  'format' = 'json'\n" +
                        ")"
        );


        //TODO 2.transformation
        //编写sql过滤出状态为success的数据
        String sql = "select * from input_kafka where status='success'";
        Table etlResult = tenv.sqlQuery(sql);

        //TODO 3.sink
        DataStream<Tuple2<Boolean, Row>> resultDS = tenv.toRetractStream(etlResult, Row.class);
        resultDS.print();

        TableResult outputTable = tenv.executeSql(
                "CREATE TABLE output_kafka (\n" +
                        "  `user_id` BIGINT,\n" +
                        "  `page_id` BIGINT,\n" +
                        "  `status` STRING\n" +
                        ") WITH (\n" +
                        "  'connector' = 'kafka',\n" +
                        "  'topic' = 'output_kafka',\n" +
                        "  'properties.bootstrap.servers' = 'node1:9092',\n" +
                        "  'format' = 'json',\n" +
                        "  'sink.partitioner' = 'round-robin'\n" +
                        ")"
        );

        tenv.executeSql("insert into output_kafka select * from "+ etlResult);


        //TODO 4.execute
        env.execute();

    }

    @Data
    @AllArgsConstructor
    @NoArgsConstructor
    public static class Order {
        private String orderId;
        private Integer userId;
        private Integer money;
        private Long createTime;//事件时间
    }

}