Java I Basics 9 OOP [A]

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-14 18:46:05 发布

tw808

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-14 18:46:05 发布

阅读量231

点赞数

分类专栏： java 文章标签： java spring mvc

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/tw808/article/details/105154894

版权

java 专栏收录该内容

3 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

Java I Basics 9 OOP [A]

Java Basics
Java 9
Java OOP

Java Basics

在这里插入图片描述

Java Basic 1: Intro

Intellij shortcut: Ctrl+J
JavaSE Basic ; JavaME Mobile; JavaEE Web
Install JDK; jdk1.8; jdk-9
1. set path name: JAVA_HOME: C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-9
2. set environment path: %JAVA_HOME%\bin; or all users: C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-9\bin;
3. cmd: java -version
Create file testJ

class testJ {
	public static void main(String args[]){  
	System.out.println("Your first argument is: "+args[0]);  
	}  
}

run testJ

C:\Users\Administrator>cd D:\testJ
D:\test>javac testJ.java
D:\test>java testJ helloworld hello
Your first argument is: helloworld

\n: return \t: tab

System.out.print("Your\t first\t argument\t is: \n"+args[0]);

Your     first   argument        is:
hello

install myEclipse: create a Java Project: set Workspace
set JRE: buildpath: configure buildpath: path for jdk
alt+/: shortcut for main, sysout : Window>Preferences>Java>Editor>Templates
// /** */ /**/ comments

Java Basic 2: Data Type & Operators

heap memory: 10; 10.0
stack memory: int x=10; double d=10.0;
String CharArray
byte 8bit, short 16bit, int 32bit, long 64bit: Integer
float 32bit, double 64bit: Float
char 8bit: Character
true, false, null: Boolean
0b {0,1} binary; 0 {0…7} octal ; {0…9} decimal ; 0x{0…9,a…f} hex;

System.out.println(0b100);//binary 2^2 =4
System.out.println(0100);//octal 8^2 =64 
System.out.println(100);//dec 10^2 =100
System.out.println(0x100);//hex 16^2 =256

class, interface, void, if, else, switch, case, default, while, do, for, break, continue, return
final

 final int NUM_UP =10; //final marks constant

Scanner
String val= sc.next(); String val= sc.nextLine();
double val=sc.nextDouble(); int val=sc.nextInt();
Boolean val=sc.hasNext();

import java.util.Scanner; //import scanner

public class ScannerTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
	Scanner sc= new Scanner(System.in);
	int i= sc.nextInt(); //Integer
	System.out.println(i);
	Scanner sc2= new Scanner(System.in);
	String line= sc2.nextLine(); //String
	System.out.println(line);
	sc.close();
	sc2.close();
	}
}

calculations
*/±%; ++, --; +=, -=, *=, /=, %=
boolean: ==, !=, <,>,<=,>=, instanceof
logic: && and , || or, ! not, ^ xor, execute all: & , I
bit calc: &, I, ^,~, <<,>>,>>>

	System.out.println(10/3);//3
	int a=10;
	int b=(a++)+(++a);//calcfirst + incrementfirst
	System.out.println(a);//12
	System.out.println(b);//22
	System.out.println(a+=1);//13
	System.out.println(a%=2);//1
	System.out.println(3 & 4);// 011 & 100 =0
	System.out.println(3 | 4);// 011 | 100 =7
	System.out.println(3 ^ 4);// 011 ^ 100 =7
	System.out.println(~ 3);// 011 = 100 = -4
	System.out.println(64 >> 4);// 1,000,000  = 100 =4
	System.out.println(64 << 4);//1,000,000 = 10,000,000,000 =1024

(Boolean)? choiceTrue: choiceFalse

int x=23;
int y=20;
int z=24;
int k= (y>x)?y:(x>z)?x:z;
System.out.println(k);//get large num=24

System.out.println("enternum:");
Scanner sc= new Scanner(System.in);
int testmod=sc.nextInt();
String str= (testmod%2 == 0)?"Even":"Odd";
System.out.println(str); //even Odd

Java Basic 3: Flow

Math.random()

	double d= Math.random();
	double d2= Math.random()*10; //[0,10)
	int x= (int)d2;
	System.out.println("d: "+d+" d2: "+d2+" x: "+x);

if, switch, for , while, return

		//if
		double money = 100.00;
		if (money>50){
			System.out.println("steak");
		}else if(money<10){
			System.out.println("soup");
		}else{
			System.out.println("sandwich");
		}
		//use ?:
		String dinner= (money>50)?"steak":(money<10)?"soup":"sandwich";
		System.out.println("?:"+ dinner);
		//switch: int byte short char enum String
		System.out.println("enter 1-4: ");
		Scanner sc= new Scanner(System.in);
		int season=sc.nextInt();
		switch(season){
		case 1:
			System.out.println("Spring");
			break;
		case 2:
			System.out.println("Summer");
			break;
		case 3:			
			System.out.println("Fall");
			break;
		case 4:
			System.out.println("Winter");
			break;
		default:
			System.out.println("wrong entry");
		}
		//for
		for(int i=1; i<=5; i++){
			System.out.print("i"+ i+" ");
			for(int j=1; j<=10; j++){
				if (i%2==0){
					break;
				}
				System.out.print("j"+ j+" ");
			}
			System.out.println(" ");
		}
		//for Armstrong num narcissistic num
		int a=0;
		int b=0;
		int c=0;
		for (int i=100; i<1000; i++){
			a=i/100;//100
			b=(i%100)/10;//10
			c=(i%100)%10;
			if(i==a*a*a+b*b*b+c*c*c){
				System.out.println(i);
			}
		}
		//while(condition) {...}
		int i=0;
		while(i<5){
			System.out.println("Hello:"+i);
			i++;
		}
		//do{...} while(condition)

break, continue, return

		for(int i=0; i<10; i++)//break, stops loop
		{
			if (i>5) break;
			System.out.print(i);
		}
		System.out.println("\n");
		for(int i=0; i<10; i++)//while, jump out of current loop
		{
			if (i==5) continue;
			System.out.print(i);
		}
		System.out.println("\n");
		//break at certain points
		loopOut: for(int i=1; i<10; i++){
			loopIn: for(int j=1; j<=i; j++){
				if (j==3){
					break loopOut;
				}
				System.out.print(i+"*"+j+"="+i*j+"\t");
			}
			System.out.println();
		}
		System.out.println("\n");
		//return at certain points
		loopOut: for(int i=1; i<10; i++){
			loopIn: for(int j=1; j<=i; j++){
				if (i%2==0){
					//break loopIn;
					return; //ends entire program
				}
				System.out.print(i+"*"+j+"="+i*j+"\t");
			}
			System.out.println("\n");
		}

Java Basic 4: Array

Array must be same data type
int[] arr = new int[10];
int[] arr = {1,2,3,4,5};
int[][] arr = new int[10][10];
int[][] arr = {{1,2,3,4,5},{1,2,3,4,5},{1,2,3,4,5}};

	int[] arr= new int[5];
	System.out.println(arr);//[I@2a139a55 (arr address in stack, 
	//also address in heap with array values in heap)
	for(int x: arr){
		System.out.println(x);//0
	}
	//everything with "new" stored in heap, which has initial value
	//String= null 
	//Boolean= false
	//char=\u0000 (space)
	
	int [][] arr2= new int[3][2];
	System.out.println(arr2);
	for(int[] arrx: arr2){
		System.out.println(arrx);
		for(int x: arrx){
			System.out.print(x);
		}
		System.out.println();
	}

在这里插入图片描述

Pascal’s triangle

public class pascalTriangle {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Scanner sc= new Scanner(System.in);
		int row= sc.nextInt();
		//define height
		int[][] tri= new int[row+1][];
		tri[0]= new int[1];
		tri[1]= new int[1+2];
		tri[1][1]=1;
		//insert value
		for(int i=2; i<=row;i++){
			tri[i]=new int[i+2];
			for(int j=1; j<tri[i].length-1; j++){
				tri[i][j]=tri[i-1][j-1]+tri[i-1][j];
			}
			System.out.println();
		}
		//output
		int len=tri.length;
		for(int i=0; i<tri.length;i++){
			while(len>=i){
				System.out.print(" ");
				len--;
			}
			for(int j=0; j<tri[i].length; j++){
				if(i==0)
					System.out.print(" ");
				System.out.print(tri[i][j]+" ");
			}
			System.out.println();
			len=tri.length;
		}
	}
}

Java 9

在这里插入图片描述

install jdk9 from oracle
add environment path: C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-9\bin

D:\test>java -version
java version "9"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 9+181)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 9+181, mixed mode)

module: create directory for lib and mods
create new project for java 9; create directory under src as com.abc.module
new: module-info under com.abc.module: module com.abc.module{}

module com.abc.module {
 //   requires com.abc.module.HelloModule;
  //  exports com.abc.module.HelloModule;
}

create java test file under com.abc.module inside new directory com.abc.module

package com.abc.module.com.abc.module;
public class HelloModule {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Hello Module!");
        //get name of module
        Module mod=HelloModule.class.getModule();
        String modName=mod.getName();
        System.out.println("Module Name: "+ modName);
        System.out.format("Module Name: %s%n", modName);//formatted
    }
}

use javac to run module

D:\MyEclipseWorkspace\java9>javac -d mods --module-source-path 
src -encoding UTF-8 
src\com.abc.module\module-info.java 
src\com.abc.module\com\abc\module\HelloModule.java

new directory created under mods -d mods

D:\MyEclipseWorkspace\java9>jar --create --file lib/mymodule-1.0.jar 
--main-class com.abc.module.com.abc.module.HelloModule 
-C mods\com.abc.module .

-C mods\com.abc.module name in module-info
. under current directory
jar file created, run module, package name repeated …

D:\MyEclipseWorkspace\java9>java --module-path lib --module com.abc.module/com.a
bc.module.com.abc.module.HelloModule
Hello Module!
Module Name: com.abc.module
Module Name: com.abc.module

JShell

C:\>Jshell
|  欢迎使用 JShell -- 版本 9
|  要大致了解该版本, 请键入: /help intro

Processing ID

module com.abc.module {
    requires java.management; //must add when import class
}

import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;
//older method
public class GetPID {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Runtime.getRuntime().exe
        String name= ManagementFactory.getRuntimeMXBean().getName();
        System.out.println(name);
        String pid = name.split("@")[0];
        System.out.println("PID:"+pid);
    }
}

public class GetPID2 { //easier pid
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ProcessHandle ph= ProcessHandle.current();
        long pid=ph.pid();
        System.out.println("PID: "+pid);
    }
}

private method in Interface

public class PrivateInterface {
     void show(){//java8
        System.out.println("show Info");
        print();
    }
    private void print(){
        System.out.println("private method in interface");
    }
}

Collection

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
public class MyCollection {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //list
        List<String> list= List.of("hello","world");
        System.out.println(list);
        //map
        Map<String,Integer> map=Map.of("num",1,"num2",200);
        System.out.println(map);
        //set
        Set<String> set= Set.of("blue","red","corn");
        System.out.println(set);
    }
}

Http: PROBLEMATIC !!! java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: jdk/incubator/http/HttpClient !!!

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
public class MyHttpClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        HttpClient hc = HttpClient.newHttpClient();
        //create HttpRequest
        HttpRequest req=HttpRequest.newBuilder(URI.create("http://www.bing.com")).GET().build();
        try{
            HttpResponse<String> resp= hc.send(req, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
            System.out.println(resp);
            String respBody = resp.body();
            System.out.println(respBody);
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }catch (InterruptedException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

Java OOP

在这里插入图片描述

Java OOP 1: Class & Object

class variables: age, weight
class methods: live, eat, wear
one public class per .java file
Stack Memory is used for static memory allocation and the execution of a thread. It contains primitive values and references to objects that are in a heap, specific to the method. A block is created in a stack when the method is invoked to hold the values and object reference of the methods. After the execution of a method, the block is available for the next method. -XSS (java.lang.StackOverFlowError)
Heap space is used for dynamic memory allocation for Java objects and JRE classes at the runtime including constant and string pool (not processed by garbage). Objects accessed globally. -Xms and -Xmx ( java.lang.OutOfMemoryError)

public class Visitor {
	String name;
	int age;
	public void bookTicket() {
		if (age>=20){
			System.out.println("ticket: $20");
		}else{
			System.out.println("ticket: $10");
		}
	}
}
class VisitorTest{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		String name="";
		do{
		Scanner sc= new Scanner(System.in);
		System.out.println("enter name (x to exit):  ");
		name= sc.nextLine();
		if("x".equals(name)){
			System.out.println("goodbye!");
			break;
		}
		System.out.println("enter age: ");
		int age= sc.nextInt();
		
		//create object
		Visitor v=new Visitor();
		v.name=name;
		v.age=age;
		v.bookTicket();
		}while(!"x".equals(name));
	}
}

Method: blackbox
static methods does not need an object to execute
static methods and parameters called by directly using static class name
static parameter and methods must be called from a static method

public class Calc {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		sum();//static call
		int sum=Calc.sum(); //get static return value
		Calc c= new Calc(); //regular method need an obj
		c.add(); //regular call
		sum=c.add();//get value
	}	
 static int sum(){
	 System.out.println("20+10= "+20+10);
	return 20+10;
} 
 int add(){
	 System.out.println("20+30= "+20+30);
	 return 20+30;
 }
}

Eclipse: Source/auto-generate getter setter toString
this: give parameters to constructors
toString: replace object location with parameters
constructor overload, return type different does not count

public class BookTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Book book1= new Book("bookName");
		Book book2= new Book("bookName2");//static constructors and methods
									//do not get called a second time
	}
}
class Book{
	String name;
	Person p1= new Person(1);//constructor third
	public Book(String name){
		this.name=name;
		System.out.println(name); //method fourth
	}
	Person p2=new Person(2);//constructor third
	static Person p3= new Person(3);//static constructor processed first
	//Anonymous static method
	static{
		System.out.println("Static Anonymous method"); //static method second
	}
}
class Person{ 
	public Person(int num){
		System.out.println("myPerson"+num);
	}
}

Java OOP 2: Encapsulation & Inheritance

encapsulation: keep parameters private in a class, clean up input
getter/setter, private parmaters

public class Dog {
	private String name;
	private String furColor;
	private int age;	
	public Dog(){}	
	public Dog(String name, String furColor, int age) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
		this.furColor = furColor;
		this.age = age;
	}
	//method
	public void run(){
		System.out.println(furColor+ " "+name+" running ...");
	}
	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(int age) {
		//provide condition
		if(age<1 || age>100){
			System.out.println("age wrong");
		}else
			this.age = age;
	}
}
class DogTest{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//create object
		Dog dog=new Dog("Happy","pink",3);
		System.out.println(dog.getAge());
		dog.run();
		//
	}
}

javaBean

public class JavaBean {
	private int id;
	private String userName;
	private String password;
	private String address;
	public JavaBean(){}
	public JavaBean(int id, String userName, String password, String address) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.userName = userName;
		this.password = password;
		this.address = address;
	}
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getUserName() {
		return userName;
	}
	public void setUserName(String userName) {
		this.userName = userName;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	public String getAddress() {
		return address;
	}
	public void setAddress(String address) {
		this.address = address;
	}
}

package imported, name backwards ie: com.abc.pack
common packages: java.lang; java.util; java.io;
packages can be directly referred to under the same project src file

com.bf.javaOop.Student stu3= new Student();

access modifier: public (all), private (class), ~nothing (class, package), protected(class, package, children)
static method should not call non static method,
static used to declare constants

public class StaticTest {
	static int age; //static variable
	static {  //static method anonymous
		System.out.println("before age: "+age);//0
		 age=12;
		 System.out.println("after age: "+age);//12
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		age+=10;
		System.out.println("age:"+age);//22
		StaticTest.method(15); //static call
		method(25); //static call
	}
	public static void method(int num){ //static method
		System.out.println("num: "+num);//15 //25
		age+=5;
		System.out.println("age:"+age);//27 //32
	}
}

public class Voter {
 //when vote gets to 100 stop
	static int count;
	String name;
	static final int TOTAL= 100;
	Voter(){}
	Voter(String name){
		this.name=name;
	}
	//vote
	public static void vote(){
		if(count>=TOTAL)
			System.out.println("Voting Ends");
		else
			count++;
	}
	//show count
	public void showCount(){
		System.out.println(this.name+" Vote Count: "+count);
	}
}
class TestVote{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Voter v1= new Voter();
		for(int i=1; i<101; i++){		
			v1= new Voter("Blob"+i);
			Voter.vote();
		}
		v1.showCount();
	}
}

Inheritance Extends : only write repeated methods once
children classes can only have one parent
Child class use super to refer to parent parameters

public class Student extends Human{
	private String[] names= new String[3];
	public Student(){
		System.out.println("no parameter constructor");
	}
	public Student(String name, int age){
		super(name, age);
	}
	public void study(){
		System.out.println("Student Studying...");
	}
	public void add(){
		getNames()[0]="Monkey";
		getNames()[1]="Puppy";
		getNames()[2]="Turtle";
	}	
	public void search(int start, int end){
		for(int i=start-1; i<end; i++){
			String name= getNames()[i];
			System.out.println(name);
		}
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Student [name=" + super.name + ", age=" + super.age + "
		, names=" + Arrays.toString(getNames()) + "]";
	}
	public String[] getNames() {
		return names;
	}
	public void setNames(String[] names) {
		this.names = names;
	}
}
class Teacher extends Human{
		Teacher(String name, int age) {
		super(name, age);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
		public void study(){
			System.out.println("Teacher is Sleeping...");
		}		
}	
class StuTest{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Student stu= new Student();
		Human stu2= new Student("Bambi",33);
		Human t1= new Teacher("Bob",44);
		t1.study();
		System.out.println(stu2.name);
		stu.add();
		System.out.println(stu2);//use toString
		System.out.println(stu);//if no toString then return location
		System.out.println(stu.getNames().length);
		//find student names 2~3
		stu.search(2, 3);
		com.bf.javaOop.Student stu3= new Student();
	}
}

parent class

public class Human {
		String name;
		int age;
		Human(){}
		Human(String name, int age){
			this.name=name;
			this.age=age;
		}
		public String getName() {
			return name;
		}
		public void setName(String name) {
			this.name = name;
		}
		public int getAge() {
			return age;
		}
		public void setAge(int age) {
			this.age = age;
		}
		public void study() {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		}
}

inheritance

public class inheritTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		A t=new A("Blob");
		t.show();
		A t2=new A();
		t2.show();
	}
}
class A extends B{
	A(){
		System.out.println("Child A");
	}
	A(String name){
		super("BlobParent");
		System.out.println("Child A "+name);
	}
	void show(){
		System.out.println(this.num); //refer to num in B
		System.out.println(this.addr); //refer to addr in C
	} 
}
class B extends C{
	B(){
		System.out.println("Parent 1 gen B");
	}
	B(String name){
		super("BlobGrandParent");
		System.out.println("Parent 1 gen "+name);
	}
	int num=10;
}
class C{
	String name;
	C(){
		System.out.println("Parent 2 gen C");
	}
	C(String name){
		this.name=name;
		System.out.println("Parent 2 gen "+name);
	}
	String addr="Island"; 
}

Java OOP 3: Inheritance & Polymorphism

public class Pet {
	private String name;
	private int health;
	private int love;
	private String gender;
	public Pet(String name, int health, int love, String gender) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
		this.health = health;
		this.love = love;
		this.gender = gender;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public int getHealth() {
		return health;
	}
	public void setHealth(int health) {
		this.health = health;
	}
	public int getLove() {
		return love;
	}
	public void setLove(int love) {
		if (love>100||love<0 )
			this.love=60;
		else
			this.love = love;
	}
	public String getGender() {
		return gender;
	}
	public void setGender(String gender) {
		this.gender = gender;
	}
	public void show(){
		System.out.println("name: "+name+" health: "+health+" love: "+love+" gender: "+gender);
	}
}
class Penguin extends Pet{

	public Penguin(String name, int health, int love, String gender) {
		super(name, health, love, gender);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
		System.out.println("Penguin");
	}
}
class Cat extends Pet{

	public Cat(String name, int health, int love, String gender) {
		super(name, health, love, gender);
		System.out.println("Cat!");
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
}
class TestPet{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
		System.out.println("enter name: ");
		String name=sc.next();
		System.out.println("enter gender: ");
		String gender=sc.next();
		System.out.println("enter love: ");
		int love=sc.nextInt();
		System.out.println("enter health: ");
		int health=sc.nextInt();
		System.out.println("enter type of animal: (1 Cat 2 Penguin)");
		int type=sc.nextInt();
		switch (type){
		case 1:
			Pet p=new Cat(name, health, love, gender);
			p.show();
			break;
		case 2:
			Pet p1=new Penguin(name, health, love, gender);
			p1.show();
			break;
		}
	}
}

Method Overload: same name return type and parameter does not matter
Method Override: child cannot include parameters or return types more specific than parents ie: toString
java.lang.Object: parent of all classes methods {clone equals finalize getClass hashCode notify notifyAll toString wait}
Obj comparison need to override hashCode() and equals()
boolean= obj instanceof class

public class myObj {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
	 Obj o= new Obj();
	 int hc;
	 System.out.println("hashcode: "+(hc=o.hashCode())); //return hashcode
	 System.out.println(o.toString()); //return obj location in Hex
	 //toString getClass().getName()+"@"+Integer.toHexString(hashCode())
	 System.out.println(o.getClass()); //return class name
	 System.out.println(o.getClass().getPackage()); //return package name
	Obj o1= new Obj("Blob",5);
	Obj o2= new Obj("Blob",3);
	System.out.println(o1.toString()); //return obj location in Hex
	System.out.println(o2.toString()); //return obj location in Hex
	System.out.println(o1==o2);//false
	System.out.println(o1.equals(o2));//false
	o2.setId(5);
	System.out.println(o1.toString()); //return obj location in Hex
	System.out.println(o2.toString()); //return obj location in Hex
	System.out.println(o1==o2);//false, different obj
	System.out.println(o1.equals(o2));//true
	o2=o1;
	System.out.println(o1.toString()); //return obj location in Hex
	System.out.println(o2.toString());
	System.out.println(o1==o2);//true
	System.out.println(o1.equals(o2));//true
	System.out.println("o2 instanceof Obj: "+(o2 instanceof Obj));
	}
}
class Obj{
	private String name;
	private int id;
	public Obj(String string, int id) {
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
		this.name=name;
		this.id=id;
	}
	public Obj() {
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	@Override
	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Obj o=(Obj)obj;
		if((this.name==o.name)&&(this.id==o.id))
				return true;
		return false;
	}
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	@Override
	public int hashCode() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return id;
	}
}

Polymorphism: example black white printer cannot print color, color printer can print black white
child can be cast to parent, parent cannot be cast to child

 public class Feed {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Feeder f= new Feeder();
		Friend fr= new Friend("Buddy");
		Friend a= (Friend)new Animal("Bear");
		Friend r= new Rock("Blob");
		f.feeding(fr);
		fr.feel();
		f.feeding(a);
		a.feel();
		f.feeding(r);
		r.feel();
	}
}
 class Feeder{
	Friend f;
	void feeding(Friend f){
		this.f=f;
		System.out.println("feeding "+f.getName()+" "+f.getClass().getSimpleName());
	}
}
class Animal extends Friend{
	Animal(String name){
		super(name);
	}
	void feel(){
		System.out.println("feels Full!");
	}
}
class Rock extends Friend{
	Rock(String name){
		super(name);
	}
	void feel(){
		System.out.println("feels Not much!");
	}
}
class Friend{
		private String name;
	Friend(){}
	Friend(String name){
		this.setName(name);
	}
	void feel(){
		System.out.println("Alien!");
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
}

Polymorphism

public class Shop {
public static void main(String[] args) {
	Goods tv= new TV("Sony",3000);
	Goods f= new Foods("Cheese",30);
	tv.print();
	f.print();
}
}
class Goods{
	private String name;
	private double price;
	Goods(){}
	public Goods(String name, double price) {
		this.name = name;
		this.price = price;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public double getPrice() {
		return price;
	}
	public void setPrice(double price) {
		this.price = price;
	}
	void print(){
		System.out.println(getName()+" $ "+getPrice());
	}
}

Java OOP 4: Abstract & Interface

Abstract class : use abstract: can have non abstract methods: cannot be instantiated: must use child class to instantiate
use static methods for calling in abstract method
Abstract method: no body; abstract method inside abstract class
non abstract child class must implement all methods in abstract parent class or must be abstract too
extends abstract class: for inheritance

public abstract class Pet2 {
	public abstract void show();
	public static void print(){
		System.out.println("Parent abstract class");
	}
}
 class Bird extends Pet2{
	public static void show2(){
		System.out.println("static class");
	}
	@Override
	public void show() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("Child class implement method");
	}
}
class TestPet2{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Bird.show2();
		Pet2.print();
		Bird b=new Bird();
		b.show();
	}
}

interface use implement, class can have multiple interfaces (interface1, interface2)
interface has abstract methods , cannot be private
cannot be instantiated, must use child class to instantiate, express functions
all fields are static final public in interface, extends…implement
start interface with I+myInterface

public interface myInterface {
	public void fly();
	public final static int SPEED=10;
}
class Bug implements myInterface{
	@Override
	public void fly() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("flying"+SPEED);
	}
}
class TestMyInt{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		myInterface b=new Bug();
		b.fly();
	}
}

public interface Lock {
	public void lock();
	public void unlock();
}
abstract class Door {
	public abstract void open();
	public abstract void close();
}
class TheftProofDoor extends Door implements Lock {
	@Override
	public void open() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("OPEN");
	}
	@Override
	public void close() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("CLOSE");
	}
	@Override
	public void lock() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("LOCK");
	}
	@Override
	public void unlock() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("UNLOCK");
	}
}
class testLock {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Door door = new TheftProofDoor();
		door.close();
		TheftProofDoor tpDoor = (TheftProofDoor) door;
		tpDoor.lock();
		tpDoor.unlock();
		door.open();
	}
}

interface

public interface IUsb {
	public void service();
}
class Fan implements IUsb{
	@Override
	public void service() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("Fan running...");
	}
}
class Usb implements IUsb{
	@Override
	public void service() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("Usb running...");
	}
}
class testIUsb{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		IUsb fan=new Fan();
		IUsb usb=new Usb();
		fan.service();
		usb.service();
	}
}


public interface Iink{
	public String getColor();
}
class Color implements Iink{
	@Override
	public String getColor() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return "Color";
	}
}
class BlackWhite implements Iink{
	@Override
	public String getColor() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return "Black White";
	}
}
 interface Ipaper{
	public String getPaper();
}
class A4 implements Ipaper{
	@Override
	public String getPaper() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return "A4";
	}
}
class B5 implements Ipaper{
	@Override
	 public String getPaper() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return "B5";
	}
}
class Printer {
	public void print(Iink i, Ipaper p ){
		if ((i.getColor().equals("Color"))&& (p.getPaper().equals("A4"))){
			System.out.println("use "+i.getColor()+" ink "+p.getPaper()+" paper");
		}
		else if((i.getColor().equals("Black White")) && (p.getPaper().equals("B5"))){
			System.out.println("use "+i.getColor()+" ink "+p.getPaper()+" paper");
		}else
			System.out.println("Incorrect parameters");
	}
}
class testPrinter{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Printer p= new Printer();
		Iink ic= new Color();
		Iink ib= new BlackWhite();
		Ipaper icp= new A4();
		Ipaper ibp= new B5();
		p.print(ic, icp);
		p.print(ib, ibp);
	}
}

public abstract class Phone {
	private String brand;
	private String type;
	public Phone (){}
	public Phone(String brand, String type) {
		this.brand = brand;
		this.type = type;
	}
	public abstract void sendInfo();
	public abstract void call();
	public void info(){
		System.out.println(brand+" "+type);
	}
}
interface IPlayMusic{
	public void play(String music);
}
interface IPicture{
	public void picture();
}
interface INet{
	public void net();
}
class RegPhone extends Phone implements IPlayMusic{
	RegPhone(){}
	RegPhone(String brand, String type) {
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
		super(brand, type);
		}
	@Override
	public void sendInfo() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("Send Text");		
	}
	@Override
	public void call() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("Send Call");		
	}
	@Override
	public void play(String music) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("Play "+music);
	}
}
class SmartPhone extends RegPhone implements IPicture, INet{
	SmartPhone (){}
	SmartPhone(String brand, String type){
		super(brand,type);
	}
	@Override
	public void net() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("Connect to Net");
	}
	@Override
	public void picture() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("Take Pic");
	}
}
class testCall{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Phone sm= new SmartPhone("HTC","I0000");
		sm.info();
		sm.call();
		sm.sendInfo();
		SmartPhone sm2=(SmartPhone)sm;
		sm2.play("music");
		sm2.net();
		sm2.picture();
	}
}

public class Computer {
	public void show(ICPU cpu, IRAM ram, IHardDisk hd){
		System.out.println("CPU Brand " + cpu.getBrand()+ " Freq "+cpu.getFrequency()+"GHz");
		System.out.println("RAM "+ ram.getCapacity()+" GB ");
		System.out.println("Hard Disk "+ hd.getCapacity()+" TB");
	}
}
interface ICPU{
	public String getBrand();
	public float getFrequency();
}
interface IRAM{
	public int getCapacity();
}
interface IHardDisk{
	public int getCapacity();
}
class IntelCPU implements ICPU {
	@Override
	public String getBrand() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return "Intel";
	}
	@Override
	public float getFrequency() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 3.8f;
	}
}
class WDHD implements IHardDisk{
	@Override
	public int getCapacity() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 1;
	}
}
class JSD implements IRAM{
	@Override
	public int getCapacity() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 4;
	}
}
class TestComputer{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Computer c=new Computer();
		ICPU intel= new IntelCPU();
		IHardDisk wdhd=new WDHD();
		IRAM jsd=new JSD();
		c.show(intel,jsd, wdhd);
	}
}

Java OOP 5: Exception

在这里插入图片描述

Exception: can run, example: x/0; java.lang.ArithmeticException:/by zero
Error: ex: typo ,cannot run
try{…}catch(Exception.e){e.printStackTrace();}finally{…}

public class testException {
public static void main(String[] args) {
	int result= new testException().div(19, 0);
	System.out.println("RESULT "+result);
}
public int div(int num1, int num2){
	try{
		result =num1/num2;
	}catch(Exception e){ //System.exit(1) with error //System.exit(0) proper
		e.printStackTrace();
		System.err.println("Caught Exception");
		System.err.println(e.getMessage); 
	}finally{
		System.out.println("div performed");
	}
	return result;
}
}

java.lang.Exception, if caught by parent Exception then children are not executed
System.err.println(“exception message”);
System.err.println(e.getMessage);
ArithmeticException, ArrayIndexOutofBoundsException, NullPointerException, ClassNotFoundException, ClassCastException, NumberFormatException, IllegalArgumentException
finally executed regardless where return is
check exception from bottom up

public class testSubject {
public static void main(String[] args) {
	Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
	System.out.println("1-3");
	try{
		int no=sc.nextInt();
		switch(no){
		case 1:
			System.out.println("Java");
			break;
		case 2:
			System.out.println("C");
			break;
		case 3:
			System.out.println("Python");
		}
	}catch (Exception e){
		System.err.println(e.getMessage());
		e.printStackTrace();
	}finally{
		System.out.println("End");
	}
}
}

throws multiple Exception class used by method
myException extends Exception create constructors from parent
class method throws myException throw new myException (no try catch needed)
main method also throws myException when using class method
use try catch when main method does not throws myException, e.getmessage

public class myException extends Exception{
	public myException() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public myException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
		super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public myException(String message, Throwable cause) {
		super(message, cause);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public myException(String message) {
		super(message);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public myException(Throwable cause) {
		super(cause);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
}
class UserRegister{
	void register(String username) throws myException{
		if("admin".equals(username)){
			throw new myException("User exist");
		}else
			System.out.println("successful: "+username);
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) throws myException {
		UserRegister u= new UserRegister();
		u.register("Bob");
		u.register("admin");
	}
}

RuntimeException: {AnnotationTypeMismatchException, ArithmeticException, ArrayStoreException, BufferOverflowException, BufferUnderflowException, CannotRedoException, CannotUndoException, ClassCastException, CMMException, ConcurrentModificationException, DataBindingException, DOMException, EmptyStackException, EnumConstantNotPresentException, EventException, FileSystemAlreadyExistsException, FileSystemNotFoundException, IllegalArgumentException, IllegalMonitorStateException, IllegalPathStateException, IllegalStateException, IllformedLocaleException, ImagingOpException, IncompleteAnnotationException, IndexOutOfBoundsException, JMRuntimeException, LSException, MalformedParameterizedTypeException, MirroredTypesException, MissingResourceException, NegativeArraySizeException, NoSuchElementException, NoSuchMechanismException, NullPointerException, ProfileDataException, ProviderException, ProviderNotFoundException, RasterFormatException, RejectedExecutionException, SecurityException, SystemException, TypeConstraintException, TypeNotPresentException, UndeclaredThrowableException, UnknownEntityException, UnmodifiableSetException, UnsupportedOperationException, WebServiceException, WrongMethodTypeException}

public class ClothException extends RuntimeException {
	public ClothException() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public ClothException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
		super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public ClothException(String message, Throwable cause) {
		super(message, cause);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public ClothException(String message) {
		super(message);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	public ClothException(Throwable cause) {
		super(cause);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
}
class TestCloth{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		TestCloth t= new TestCloth();
		t.buy(30000);
	}
	public void buy(int size){
//		if (size<0 || size>300){
//			throw new ClothException("Wrong size");
//		}
		try{
			if(size<0 || size>300){
					throw new ClothException("Wrong size");
			}
		}catch (ClothException e){
				System.out.println(e.getMessage());
		}
	}
}

public class Child {
	public String name;
	private int age;
	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(int age) throws ChildException {
		if(age<1 || age>=18){
			throw new ChildException("child between age 1~17");
		}
		this.age = age;
	}	
}
class ChildException extends RuntimeException{
	public ChildException() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public ChildException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
		super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public ChildException(String message, Throwable cause) {
		super(message, cause);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public ChildException(String message) {
		super(message);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public ChildException(Throwable cause) {
		super(cause);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	
}
class TestChild{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Child c=new Child();
		try{
		c.setAge(29);
		}catch(ChildException e){
			System.out.println(e.getMessage());
		}
	}
}

Java OOP 6: Exercise

public abstract class Zoo {
	private String name;
	private int legs;
	public Zoo() {
	}
	public Zoo(String name, int legs) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
		this.legs = legs;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public int getLegs() {
		return legs;
	}
	public void setLegs(int legs) {
		this.legs = legs;
	}
	public abstract String Noise();
}
class Chicken extends Zoo {
	public Chicken() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public Chicken(String name, int legs) {
		super(name, legs);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	@Override
	public String Noise() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return "coockooo";
	}
}
class Octopus extends Zoo {
	public Octopus() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public Octopus(String name, int legs) {
		super(name, legs);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	@Override
	public String Noise() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return "...";
	}
}
class Dolphin extends Zoo {
	public Dolphin() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public Dolphin(String name, int legs) {
		super(name, legs);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	@Override
	public String Noise() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return "eeee";
	}
}
class ZooException extends RuntimeException {
	public ZooException() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public ZooException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
		super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public ZooException(String message, Throwable cause) {
		super(message, cause);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public ZooException(String message) {
		super(message);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public ZooException(Throwable cause) {
		super(cause);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
}
class testZoo {
	public void display(Zoo[] z) {
		int quit = 1;
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		for (Zoo zz : z)
			System.out.println(zz.getClass()+" " + zz.getName() + " " + zz.Noise() + " " + zz.getLegs());
		System.out.println("press 0 to quit, anything else to change");
	}
	public void update(Zoo[] z) {
		int legs = 0;
		System.out.println("Change: 1.Dolphin 2. Chicken 3. Octopus ");
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		int choice = sc.nextInt();
		switch (choice) {
		case 1:
			System.out.println("Dophin name: ");
			z[0].setName(sc.next());

			System.out.println("legs: ");
			try {
				legs = sc.nextInt();

				if (legs != 0)
					throw new ZooException("0 legs only");
				else
					z[0].setLegs(legs);
			} catch (ZooException e) {
				e.getMessage();
			}
			break;
		case 2:
			System.out.println(" Chicken name: ");
			z[1].setName(sc.next());
			System.out.println("legs: ");
			try {
				legs = sc.nextInt();

				if (legs > 2 || legs < 0)
					throw new ZooException("1-2 legs only");
				else
					z[1].setLegs(legs);

			} catch (ZooException e) {
				System.out.println(e.getMessage());
			}
			break;
		case 3:
			System.out.println(" Octopus name: ");
			z[2].setName(sc.next());

			System.out.println("legs: ");
			try {
				legs = sc.nextInt();
				if (legs > 8 || legs < 0)
					throw new ZooException("1-8 legs only");
				else
					z[2].setLegs(legs);
			} catch (ZooException e) {
				System.out.println(e.getMessage());
			}
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		testZoo t = new testZoo();
		Zoo d = new Dolphin("Happy", 0);
		Zoo c = new Chicken("Blue", 2);
		Zoo o = new Octopus("Pants", 8);
		Zoo[] z = new Zoo[] { d, c, o };
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		int ans = 1;
		while (ans != 0) {
			t.display(z);
			ans = sc.nextInt();
			if (ans==0)
				break;
			t.update(z);
		}
	}
}

dvd mini manager
array=Arrays.copyOf(array, newLen); //expand array

public class Dvdmgr {
 DVD[] dvds= new DVD[3];
 public  Dvdmgr(){
	 dvds[0]= new DVD("Roman Holiday","out","2019-02-02",30);
	 dvds[1]= new DVD("Blue","in",1);
	 dvds[2]= new DVD("Animal House","in",12);
 }
 public void display(){
	 System.out.println("Count\tName");
	 for(DVD dvd: dvds){
		 System.out.println(dvd.getCount()+"\t"+dvd.getName());	
		 System.out.println("************");
	 }
 }
 public void add(DVD dvd){
	 int oldLen=dvds.length;
	 int newLen= oldLen+1;
	 //replace old with new array
	 dvds=Arrays.copyOf(dvds, newLen);
	 dvds[newLen-1]=dvd;
 }
 public void menu(){
	 int ch=1;
	 do{
	 System.out.println("0. Movies Out List");
	 System.out.println("1. Add");
	 System.out.println("2. Exit");
	 System.out.println("Choose: ");
	 Scanner sc= new Scanner(System.in);
	 ch= sc.nextInt();
	 switch(ch){
	 case 0:
		 System.out.println("0. Movies Out List");
		 display();
		 break;
	 case 1:
		 System.out.println("1. Add");
		 System.out.println("Enter Name: ");
		 Scanner s= new Scanner(System.in);
		 String name= s.nextLine();
		 DVD dvd= new DVD(name,"in",1);
		 add(dvd);
		 System.out.println(name+" added!");
		 break;
	 case 2:
		 System.out.println("2. Exit");
		 System.out.println("THANKS!");
		 break;
	 default:
		 break;
	 }
	 }while(ch!=2);
 }
}
class DVD{
	private String name;
	private String status;
	private String borrowDate;
	private int count;
	public DVD() {}
	public DVD(String name, String status, int count) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
		this.status = status;
		this.count=count;
	}
	public DVD(String name, String status, String borrowDate, int count) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
		this.status = status;
		this.borrowDate = borrowDate;
		this.count = count;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getStatus() {
		return status;
	}
	public void setStatus(String status) {
		this.status = status;
	}
	public String getBorrowDate() {
		return borrowDate;
	}
	public void setBorrowDate(String borrowDate) {
		this.borrowDate = borrowDate;
	}
	public int getCount() {
		return count;
	}
	public void setCount(int count) {
		this.count = count;
	}
}
class TestDVD{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Dvdmgr d=new Dvdmgr();
		d.menu();
	}
}