lcd1602驱动代码arduino c++

#ifndef lcd1602_h
#define lcd1602_h

#include <inttypes.h>
#include "Print.h"

// commands
#define LCD_CLEARDISPLAY 0x01
#define LCD_RETURNHOME 0x02
#define LCD_ENTRYMODESET 0x04
#define LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL 0x08
#define LCD_CURSORSHIFT 0x10
#define LCD_FUNCTIONSET 0x20
#define LCD_SETCGRAMADDR 0x40
#define LCD_SETDDRAMADDR 0x80

// flags for display entry mode
#define LCD_ENTRYRIGHT 0x00
#define LCD_ENTRYLEFT 0x02
#define LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT 0x01
#define LCD_ENTRYSHIFTDECREMENT 0x00

// flags for display on/off control
#define LCD_DISPLAYON 0x04
#define LCD_DISPLAYOFF 0x00
#define LCD_CURSORON 0x02
#define LCD_CURSOROFF 0x00
#define LCD_BLINKON 0x01
#define LCD_BLINKOFF 0x00

// flags for display/cursor shift
#define LCD_DISPLAYMOVE 0x08
#define LCD_CURSORMOVE 0x00
#define LCD_MOVERIGHT 0x04
#define LCD_MOVELEFT 0x00

// flags for function set
#define LCD_8BITMODE 0x10
#define LCD_4BITMODE 0x00
#define LCD_2LINE 0x08
#define LCD_1LINE 0x00
#define LCD_5x10DOTS 0x04
#define LCD_5x8DOTS 0x00

class LiquidCrystal : public Print {
public:
	LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t enable,
		uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3,
		uint8_t d4, uint8_t d5, uint8_t d6, uint8_t d7);
	LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t rw, uint8_t enable,
		uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3,
		uint8_t d4, uint8_t d5, uint8_t d6, uint8_t d7);
	LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t rw, uint8_t enable,
		uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3);
	LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t enable,
		uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3);

	void init(uint8_t fourbitmode, uint8_t rs, uint8_t rw, uint8_t enable,
		uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3,
		uint8_t d4, uint8_t d5, uint8_t d6, uint8_t d7);

	void begin(uint8_t cols, uint8_t rows, uint8_t charsize = LCD_5x8DOTS);

	void clear();
	void home();

	void noDisplay();
	void display();
	void noBlink();
	void blink();
	void noCursor();
	void cursor();
	void scrollDisplayLeft();
	void scrollDisplayRight();
	void leftToRight();
	void rightToLeft();
	void autoscroll();
	void noAutoscroll();

	void setRowOffsets(int row1, int row2, int row3, int row4);
	void createChar(uint8_t, uint8_t[]);
	void setCursor(uint8_t, uint8_t);
	virtual size_t write(uint8_t);
	void command(uint8_t);

	using Print::write;
private:
	void send(uint8_t, uint8_t);
	void write4bits(uint8_t);
	void write8bits(uint8_t);
	void pulseEnable();

	uint8_t _rs_pin; // LOW: command.  HIGH: character.
	uint8_t _rw_pin; // LOW: write to LCD.  HIGH: read from LCD.
	uint8_t _enable_pin; // activated by a HIGH pulse.
	uint8_t _data_pins[8];

	uint8_t _displayfunction;
	uint8_t _displaycontrol;
	uint8_t _displaymode;

	uint8_t _initialized;

	uint8_t _numlines;
	uint8_t _row_offsets[4];
};

#endif

#include "lcd1602.h"

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include "Arduino.h"

// When the display powers up, it is configured as follows:
//
// 1. Display clear
// 2. Function set: 
//    DL = 1; 8-bit interface data 
//    N = 0; 1-line display 
//    F = 0; 5x8 dot character font 
// 3. Display on/off control: 
//    D = 0; Display off 
//    C = 0; Cursor off 
//    B = 0; Blinking off 
// 4. Entry mode set: 
//    I/D = 1; Increment by 1 
//    S = 0; No shift 
//
// Note, however, that resetting the Arduino doesn't reset the LCD, so we
// can't assume that its in that state when a sketch starts (and the
// LiquidCrystal constructor is called).

LiquidCrystal::LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t rw, uint8_t enable,
	uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3,
	uint8_t d4, uint8_t d5, uint8_t d6, uint8_t d7)
{
	init(0, rs, rw, enable, d0, d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6, d7);
}

LiquidCrystal::LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t enable,
	uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3,
	uint8_t d4, uint8_t d5, uint8_t d6, uint8_t d7)
{
	init(0, rs, 255, enable, d0, d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6, d7);
}

LiquidCrystal::LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t rw, uint8_t enable,
	uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3)
{
	init(1, rs, rw, enable, d0, d1, d2, d3, 0, 0, 0, 0);
}

//arduino UNO使用这个。---------------------------------------------
LiquidCrystal::LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t enable,
	uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3)
{
	init(1, rs, 255, enable, d0, d1, d2, d3, 0, 0, 0, 0); 
}

void LiquidCrystal::init(uint8_t fourbitmode, uint8_t rs, uint8_t rw, uint8_t enable,
	uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3,
	uint8_t d4, uint8_t d5, uint8_t d6, uint8_t d7)
{
	_rs_pin = rs;
	_rw_pin = rw;
	_enable_pin = enable;

	_data_pins[0] = d0;
	_data_pins[1] = d1;
	_data_pins[2] = d2;
	_data_pins[3] = d3;
	_data_pins[4] = d4;
	_data_pins[5] = d5;
	_data_pins[6] = d6;
	_data_pins[7] = d7;

	if (fourbitmode)
		_displayfunction = LCD_4BITMODE | LCD_1LINE | LCD_5x8DOTS;
	else
		_displayfunction = LCD_8BITMODE | LCD_1LINE | LCD_5x8DOTS;

	begin(16, 1);
}

void LiquidCrystal::begin(uint8_t cols, uint8_t lines, uint8_t dotsize) {
	if (lines > 1) {
		_displayfunction |= LCD_2LINE;
	}
	_numlines = lines;

	setRowOffsets(0x00, 0x40, 0x00 + cols, 0x40 + cols);

	// for some 1 line displays you can select a 10 pixel high font
	if ((dotsize != LCD_5x8DOTS) && (lines == 1)) {
		_displayfunction |= LCD_5x10DOTS;
	}

	pinMode(_rs_pin, OUTPUT);
	// we can save 1 pin by not using RW. Indicate by passing 255 instead of pin#
	if (_rw_pin != 255) {
		pinMode(_rw_pin, OUTPUT);
	}
	pinMode(_enable_pin, OUTPUT);

	// Do these once, instead of every time a character is drawn for speed reasons.
	for (int i = 0; i<((_displayfunction & LCD_8BITMODE) ? 8 : 4); ++i)
	{
		pinMode(_data_pins[i], OUTPUT);
	}

	// SEE PAGE 45/46 FOR INITIALIZATION SPECIFICATION!
	// according to datasheet, we need at least 40ms after power rises above 2.7V
	// before sending commands. Arduino can turn on way before 4.5V so we'll wait 50
	delayMicroseconds(50000);
	// Now we pull both RS and R/W low to begin commands
	digitalWrite(_rs_pin, LOW);
	digitalWrite(_enable_pin, LOW);
	if (_rw_pin != 255) {
		digitalWrite(_rw_pin, LOW);
	}

	//put the LCD into 4 bit or 8 bit mode
	if (!(_displayfunction & LCD_8BITMODE)) {
		// this is according to the hitachi HD44780 datasheet
		// figure 24, pg 46

		// we start in 8bit mode, try to set 4 bit mode
		write4bits(0x03);
		delayMicroseconds(4500); // wait min 4.1ms

								 // second try
		write4bits(0x03);
		delayMicroseconds(4500); // wait min 4.1ms

								 // third go!
		write4bits(0x03);
		delayMicroseconds(150);

		// finally, set to 4-bit interface
		write4bits(0x02);
	}
	else {
		// this is according to the hitachi HD44780 datasheet
		// page 45 figure 23

		// Send function set command sequence
		command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction);
		delayMicroseconds(4500);  // wait more than 4.1ms

								  // second try
		command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction);
		delayMicroseconds(150);

		// third go
		command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction);
	}

	// finally, set # lines, font size, etc.
	command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction);

	// turn the display on with no cursor or blinking default
	_displaycontrol = LCD_DISPLAYON | LCD_CURSOROFF | LCD_BLINKOFF;
	display();

	// clear it off
	clear();

	// Initialize to default text direction (for romance languages)
	_displaymode = LCD_ENTRYLEFT | LCD_ENTRYSHIFTDECREMENT;
	// set the entry mode
	command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);

}

void LiquidCrystal::setRowOffsets(int row0, int row1, int row2, int row3)
{
	_row_offsets[0] = row0;
	_row_offsets[1] = row1;
	_row_offsets[2] = row2;
	_row_offsets[3] = row3;
}

/********** high level commands, for the user! */
void LiquidCrystal::clear()
{
	command(LCD_CLEARDISPLAY);  // clear display, set cursor position to zero
	delayMicroseconds(2000);  // this command takes a long time!
}

void LiquidCrystal::home()
{
	command(LCD_RETURNHOME);  // set cursor position to zero
	delayMicroseconds(2000);  // this command takes a long time!
}

void LiquidCrystal::setCursor(uint8_t col, uint8_t row)
{
	const size_t max_lines = sizeof(_row_offsets) / sizeof(*_row_offsets);
	if (row >= max_lines) {
		row = max_lines - 1;    // we count rows starting w/0
	}
	if (row >= _numlines) {
		row = _numlines - 1;    // we count rows starting w/0
	}

	command(LCD_SETDDRAMADDR | (col + _row_offsets[row]));
}

// Turn the display on/off (quickly)
void LiquidCrystal::noDisplay() {
	_displaycontrol &= ~LCD_DISPLAYON;
	command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
void LiquidCrystal::display() {
	_displaycontrol |= LCD_DISPLAYON;
	command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}

// Turns the underline cursor on/off
void LiquidCrystal::noCursor() {
	_displaycontrol &= ~LCD_CURSORON;
	command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
void LiquidCrystal::cursor() {
	_displaycontrol |= LCD_CURSORON;
	command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}

// Turn on and off the blinking cursor
void LiquidCrystal::noBlink() {
	_displaycontrol &= ~LCD_BLINKON;
	command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
void LiquidCrystal::blink() {
	_displaycontrol |= LCD_BLINKON;
	command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}

// These commands scroll the display without changing the RAM
void LiquidCrystal::scrollDisplayLeft(void) {
	command(LCD_CURSORSHIFT | LCD_DISPLAYMOVE | LCD_MOVELEFT);
}
void LiquidCrystal::scrollDisplayRight(void) {
	command(LCD_CURSORSHIFT | LCD_DISPLAYMOVE | LCD_MOVERIGHT);
}

// This is for text that flows Left to Right
void LiquidCrystal::leftToRight(void) {
	_displaymode |= LCD_ENTRYLEFT;
	command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
}

// This is for text that flows Right to Left
void LiquidCrystal::rightToLeft(void) {
	_displaymode &= ~LCD_ENTRYLEFT;
	command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
}

// This will 'right justify' text from the cursor
void LiquidCrystal::autoscroll(void) {
	_displaymode |= LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT;
	command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
}

// This will 'left justify' text from the cursor
void LiquidCrystal::noAutoscroll(void) {
	_displaymode &= ~LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT;
	command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
}

// Allows us to fill the first 8 CGRAM locations
// with custom characters
void LiquidCrystal::createChar(uint8_t location, uint8_t charmap[]) {
	location &= 0x7; // we only have 8 locations 0-7
	command(LCD_SETCGRAMADDR | (location << 3));
	for (int i = 0; i<8; i++) {
		write(charmap[i]);
	}
}

/*********** mid level commands, for sending data/cmds */

inline void LiquidCrystal::command(uint8_t value) {
	send(value, LOW);
}

inline size_t LiquidCrystal::write(uint8_t value) {
	send(value, HIGH);
	return 1; // assume sucess
}

/************ low level data pushing commands **********/

// write either command or data, with automatic 4/8-bit selection
void LiquidCrystal::send(uint8_t value, uint8_t mode) {
	digitalWrite(_rs_pin, mode);

	// if there is a RW pin indicated, set it low to Write
	if (_rw_pin != 255) {
		digitalWrite(_rw_pin, LOW);
	}

	if (_displayfunction & LCD_8BITMODE) {
		write8bits(value);
	}
	else {
		write4bits(value >> 4);
		write4bits(value);
	}
}

void LiquidCrystal::pulseEnable(void) {
	digitalWrite(_enable_pin, LOW);
	delayMicroseconds(1);
	digitalWrite(_enable_pin, HIGH);
	delayMicroseconds(1);    // enable pulse must be >450ns
	digitalWrite(_enable_pin, LOW);
	delayMicroseconds(100);   // commands need > 37us to settle
}

void LiquidCrystal::write4bits(uint8_t value) {
	for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
		digitalWrite(_data_pins[i], (value >> i) & 0x01);
	}

	pulseEnable();
}

void LiquidCrystal::write8bits(uint8_t value) {
	for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
		digitalWrite(_data_pins[i], (value >> i) & 0x01);
	}

	pulseEnable();
}