VTK_开发环境搭建（VTK-9.3.0，WIN11，MSVC_X64）

1. 编译环境

• Visual Studio 2022（VS 17）；
• QT（MSVC 2019，X64，默认支持源码调试）；
• CMake（3.29）；
• VTK（9.3.0）；

2. 编译配置（CMake）

CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE        Debug;Release;MinSizeRel;RelWithDebInfo
CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX        C:/VTK/VTK-9.3.0-release
VTK_GROUP_Qt        YES
Qt6_DIR        C:/Qt/6.7.0/msvc2019_64/lib/cmake/Qt6
Qt6QmlTools_Dir        C:/Qt/6.7.0/msvc2019_64/lib/cmake/Qt6QmlTools

3. 编译安装

3.1 编译Release版本

# 1. VS打开工程VTK.sln；
# 2. 选中项目"ALL_BUILD"，保持编译配置为“Release x64”，右键“生成”，编译代码；
# 3. 选中项目"INSTALL"，保持编译配置为“Release x64”，右键“生成”，安装程序；

3.2 编译Debug版本

# 1. VS打开工程VTK.sln；
# 2. 选中项目"ALL_BUILD"，保持编译配置为“Release x64”，右键“生成”，编译代码；
# 3. 选中项目"INSTALL"，保持编译配置为“Release x64”，右键“生成”，安装程序；

4. 错误处理

4.1 Debug版编译错误（error LNK1169: one or more multiply defined symbols found）；

错误信息：

vtkCommonCore-9.3d.lib(vtkCommonCore-9.3d.dll) : error LNK2005: "public: __cdecl vtkConstantImplicitBackend<unsigned __int64>::vtkConstantImplicitBackend<unsigned __int64>(unsigned __int64)" (??0?$vtkConstantImplicitBackend@_K@@QEAA@_K@Z) already defined in vtkToImplicitRamerDouglasPeuckerStrategy.cxx.obj
Creating library lib\Debug\vtkFiltersReduction-9.3d.lib and object lib\Debug\vtkFiltersReduction-9.3d.exp
bin\Debug\vtkFiltersReduction-9.3d.dll : fatal error LNK1169: one or more multiply defined symbols found

解决方法：

定位源文件，并修改代码：
VTK-9.3.0/Common/Core/vtkConstantImplicitBackend.h

修改前：
struct VTKCOMMONCORE_EXPORT vtkConstantImplicitBackend final

修改后：
struct vtkConstantImplicitBackend final

4.2 Debug版运行错误（开发调试时，弹出信息窗口并卡死）；

解决方法（源文件中增加如下代码，用于关闭vtkOutputWindow）：

#include <vtkOutputWindow.h>
vtkOutputWindow::SetGlobalWarningDisplay(0);

4.3 Release/Debug版运行错误（意外退出）；

错误信息：

13:10:55: Starting D:\Codes\QT\02_HelloWorld\build\Desktop_Qt_6_7_0_MSVC2019_64bit-Release\release\02_HelloWorld.exe...
13:10:55: D:\Codes\QT\02_HelloWorld\build\Desktop_Qt_6_7_0_MSVC2019_64bit-Release\release\02_HelloWorld.exe exited with code 0

解决方法（源文件中增加如下代码，用于初始化VTK环境）：

#include <vtkAutoInit.h>

VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingOpenGL2)
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkInteractionStyle)

注：确保路径“C:\VTK\VTK-9.3.0-release\bin”和“C:\VTK\VTK-9.3.0-debug\bin”，已经添加到系统环境变量$PATH。

5. 测试代码

#include <vtkAutoInit.h>
#include <vtkOutputWindow.h>
#include <vtkActor.h>
#include <vtkCamera.h>
#include <vtkCylinderSource.h>
#include <vtkNamedColors.h>
#include <vtkNew.h>
#include <vtkPolyDataMapper.h>
#include <vtkProperty.h>
#include <vtkRenderWindow.h>
#include <vtkRenderWindowInteractor.h>
#include <vtkRenderer.h>
#include <array>

VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingOpenGL2)
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkInteractionStyle)

int main(int, char*[])
{

    vtkOutputWindow::SetGlobalWarningDisplay(0);
    vtkNew<vtkNamedColors> colors;

    // Set the background color.
    std::array<unsigned char, 4> bkg{{26, 51, 102, 255}};
    colors->SetColor("BkgColor", bkg.data());

    // This creates a polygonal cylinder model with eight circumferential facets
    // (i.e, in practice an octagonal prism).
    vtkNew<vtkCylinderSource> cylinder;
    cylinder->SetResolution(8);

    // The mapper is responsible for pushing the geometry into the graphics
    // library. It may also do color mapping, if scalars or other attributes are
    // defined.
    vtkNew<vtkPolyDataMapper> cylinderMapper;
    cylinderMapper->SetInputConnection(cylinder->GetOutputPort());

    // The actor is a grouping mechanism: besides the geometry (mapper), it
    // also has a property, transformation matrix, and/or texture map.
    // Here we set its color and rotate it around the X and Y axes.
    vtkNew<vtkActor> cylinderActor;
    cylinderActor->SetMapper(cylinderMapper);
    cylinderActor->GetProperty()->SetColor(
        colors->GetColor4d("Tomato").GetData());
    cylinderActor->RotateX(30.0);
    cylinderActor->RotateY(-45.0);

    // The renderer generates the image
    // which is then displayed on the render window.
    // It can be thought of as a scene to which the actor is added
    vtkNew<vtkRenderer> renderer;
    renderer->AddActor(cylinderActor);
    renderer->SetBackground(colors->GetColor3d("BkgColor").GetData());
    // Zoom in a little by accessing the camera and invoking its "Zoom" method.
    renderer->ResetCamera();
    renderer->GetActiveCamera()->Zoom(1.5);

    // The render window is the actual GUI window
    // that appears on the computer screen
    vtkNew<vtkRenderWindow> renderWindow;
    renderWindow->SetSize(300, 300);
    renderWindow->AddRenderer(renderer);
    renderWindow->SetWindowName("Cylinder");

    // The render window interactor captures mouse events
    // and will perform appropriate camera or actor manipulation
    // depending on the nature of the events.
    vtkNew<vtkRenderWindowInteractor> renderWindowInteractor;
    renderWindowInteractor->SetRenderWindow(renderWindow);

    // This starts the event loop and as a side effect causes an initial render.
    renderWindow->Render();
    renderWindowInteractor->Start();

    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}