使用Socket实现安卓中IPC

　　网络上的两个程序通过一个双向的通信连接实现数据的交换，这个连接的一端称为一个socket。
　　建立网络通信连接至少要一对端口号(socket)。socket本质是编程接口(API)，对TCP/IP的封装，TCP/IP也要提供可供程序员做网络开发所用的接口，这就是Socket编程接口；HTTP是轿车，提供了封装或者显示数据的具体形式;Socket是发动机，提供了网络通信的能力。
　　Socket的英文原义是“孔”或“插座”。作为BSD UNIX的进程通信机制，取后一种意思。通常也称作”套接字”，用于描述IP地址和端口，是一个通信链的句柄，可以用来实现不同虚拟机或不同计算机之间的通信。在Internet上的主机一般运行了多个服务软件，同时提供几种服务。每种服务都打开一个Socket，并绑定到一个端口上，不同的端口对应于不同的服务。Socket正如其英文原意那样，像一个多孔插座。一台主机犹如布满各种插座的房间，每个插座有一个编号，有的插座提供220伏交流电， 有的提供110伏交流电，有的则提供有线电视节目。 客户软件将插头插到不同编号的插座，就可以得到不同的服务。

在Android中使用Socket实现聊天室功能

public class TCPClientActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {

    private static final int MESSAGE_RECEIVE_NEW_MSG = 1;
    private static final int MESSAGE_SOCKET_CONNECTED = 2;

    private Button mSendButton;
    private TextView mMessageTextView;
    private EditText mMessageEditText;

    private PrintWriter mPrintWriter;
    private Socket mClientSocket;

    @SuppressLint("HandlerLeak")
    private Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            switch (msg.what) {
            case MESSAGE_RECEIVE_NEW_MSG: {
                mMessageTextView.setText(mMessageTextView.getText()
                        + (String) msg.obj);
                break;
            }
            case MESSAGE_SOCKET_CONNECTED: {
                mSendButton.setEnabled(true);
                break;
            }
            default:
                break;
            }
        }
    };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_tcpclient);
        mMessageTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.msg_container);
        mSendButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);
        mSendButton.setOnClickListener(this);
        mMessageEditText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.msg);
        Intent service = new Intent(this, TCPServerService.class);
        startService(service);
        new Thread() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                connectTCPServer();
            }
        }.start();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        if (mClientSocket != null) {
            try {
                mClientSocket.shutdownInput();
                mClientSocket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        super.onDestroy();
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        if (v == mSendButton) {
            final String msg = mMessageEditText.getText().toString();
            if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(msg) && mPrintWriter != null) {
                mPrintWriter.println(msg);
                mMessageEditText.setText("");
                String time = formatDateTime(System.currentTimeMillis());
                final String showedMsg = "self " + time + ":" + msg + "\n";
                mMessageTextView.setText(mMessageTextView.getText() + showedMsg);
            }
        }
    }

    @SuppressLint("SimpleDateFormat")
    private String formatDateTime(long time) {
        return new SimpleDateFormat("(HH:mm:ss)").format(new Date(time));
    }

    private void connectTCPServer() {
        Socket socket = null;
        while (socket == null) {
            try {
                socket = new Socket("localhost", 8688);
                mClientSocket = socket;
                mPrintWriter = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(
                        new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream())), true);
                mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(MESSAGE_SOCKET_CONNECTED);
                System.out.println("connect server success");
            } catch (IOException e) {
                SystemClock.sleep(1000);
                System.out.println("connect tcp server failed, retry...");
            }
        }

        try {
            // 接收服务器端的消息
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                    socket.getInputStream()));
            while (!TCPClientActivity.this.isFinishing()) {
                String msg = br.readLine();
                System.out.println("receive :" + msg);
                if (msg != null) {
                    String time = formatDateTime(System.currentTimeMillis());
                    final String showedMsg = "server " + time + ":" + msg
                            + "\n";
                    mHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_RECEIVE_NEW_MSG, showedMsg)
                            .sendToTarget();
                }
            }
            System.out.println("quit...");
            MyUtils.close(mPrintWriter);
            MyUtils.close(br);
            socket.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

布局文件 activity_tcpclient.xml

public class TCPServerService extends Service {

    private boolean mIsServiceDestoryed = false;
    private String[] mDefinedMessages = new String[] {
            "你好啊，哈哈",
            "请问你叫什么名字呀？",
            "今天北京天气不错啊，shy",
            "你知道吗？我可是可以和多个人同时聊天的哦",
            "给你讲个笑话吧：据说爱笑的人运气不会太差，不知道真假。"
    };

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        new Thread(new TcpServer()).start();
        super.onCreate();
    }

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        mIsServiceDestoryed = true;
        super.onDestroy();
    }

    private class TcpServer implements Runnable {

        @SuppressWarnings("resource")
        @Override
        public void run() {
            ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
            try {
                serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8688);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                System.err.println("establish tcp server failed, port:8688");
                e.printStackTrace();
                return;
            }

            while (!mIsServiceDestoryed) {
                try {
                    // 接受客户端请求
                    final Socket client = serverSocket.accept();
                    System.out.println("accept");
                    new Thread() {
                        @Override
                        public void run() {
                            try {
                                responseClient(client);
                            } catch (IOException e) {
                                e.printStackTrace();
                            }
                        };
                    }.start();

                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private void responseClient(Socket client) throws IOException {
        // 用于接收客户端消息
        BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                client.getInputStream()));
        // 用于向客户端发送消息
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(
                new OutputStreamWriter(client.getOutputStream())), true);
        out.println("欢迎来到聊天室！");
        while (!mIsServiceDestoryed) {
            String str = in.readLine();
            System.out.println("msg from client:" + str);
            if (str == null) {
                break;
            }
            int i = new Random().nextInt(mDefinedMessages.length);
            String msg = mDefinedMessages[i];
            out.println(msg);
            System.out.println("send :" + msg);
        }
        System.out.println("client quit.");
        // 关闭流
        MyUtils.close(out);
        MyUtils.close(in);
        client.close();
    }

}