Windows系统下使用Mingw编译并运行opencv教程

一、编译环境

系统：Windows10旗舰版
cmake版本下载：3.9.2
QtMingw版本下载：qt-opensource-windows-x86-5.11.0.exe，太大了只能放网盘
opencv版本下载：opencv331_mingw

二、CMAKE安装

将下载的cmake解压。

完成后打开软件

三、OpenCV解压与编译

将下载的opencv解压。并且进入其目录。新建一个文件夹名为opencv331_mingwBuild

点击左下角configure，弹出对话框，选择MinGw Makefiles和Use default native compilers，点击Finish

c写对应的F:/Qt/Qt5.11.0/Tools/mingw530_32/bin/gcc.exe
c++写对应的F:/Qt/Qt5.11.0/Tools/mingw530_32/bin/g++.exe

又出现了报错
CMake Error: CMake was unable to find a build program corresponding to “MinGW Makefiles”. CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM is not set. You probably need to select a different build tool.
CMake Error: CMake was unable to find a build program corresponding to “MinGW Makefiles”. CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM is not set. You probably need to select a different build tool.
CMake Error: CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER not set, after EnableLanguage
CMake Error: CMAKE_C_COMPILER not set, after EnableLanguage

其中CMake Error: CMake was unable to find a build program corresponding to “MinGW Makefiles”. CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM is not set. You probably need to select a different build tool.
解决方案如下：
勾选Grouped,Advanced
将CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM项后面的路径设置为Qt安装路径下的路径如下所示：F:/Qt/Qt5.11.0/Tools/mingw530_32/bin/mingw32-make.exe，重新点击Configure，问题解决。

正在编译中：

保持默认勾选项：

在Search搜索框里面输入ENABLE_CXX11，找到ENABLE_CXX11项，勾选，启用c++11新特性，否则之后编译会出错：

清空搜索框，输入WITH_OPENCL_D3D11_NV，找到WITH_OPENCL_D3D11_NV项，如果不需要d3d功能，将其取消勾选，否则编译时有可能出错

其他选项说明：
BUILD_OPENCV_WORLD：开启后会包含opencv_world模块，将各个模块编译成一个opencv_worldxxx.lib文件，而不是十几个lib库文件。方便之后的部署和使用
CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE：指定编译的类型为Debug还是Release
BUILD_JAVA：开启java支持
取消勾选ENABLE_PRECOMPILED_HEADERS
之后重新点击configure，直到红颜色消失

添加Qt环境变量：F:\Qt\Qt5.11.0\5.11.0\mingw53_32\bin

config，勾选WITH_QT

设置路径：

设置 QT_MAKE_EXECUTABLE 为 F:/Qt/Qt5.11.0/5.11.0/mingw53_32/bin/qmake.exe
设置 Qt5Concurrent_DIR 为 F:/Qt/Qt5.11.0/5.11.0/mingw53_32/lib/cmake/Qt5Concurrent
设置 Qt5Core_DIR 为F:/Qt/Qt5.11.0/5.11.0/mingw53_32/lib/cmake/Qt5Core
设置 Qt5Gui_DIR 为 F:/Qt/Qt5.11.0/5.11.0/mingw53_32/lib/cmake/Qt5Gui
设置 Qt5Test_DIR 为F:/Qt/Qt5.11.0/5.11.0/mingw53_32/lib/cmake/Qt5Test
设置 Qt5Widgets_DIR 为 F:/Qt/Qt5.11.0/5.11.0/mingw53_32/lib/cmake/Qt5Widgets
设置 Qt5OpenGL_DIR 为F:/Qt/Qt5.11.0/5.11.0/mingw53_32/lib/cmake/Qt5OpenGL
设置 CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE 为 Release 或者 RelWithDebInfo

点击generate产生makefile文件

在空白处按shift+右键，点击在此处打开命令窗口打开cmd，输入make+回车进行编译，之后等待进度到100编译成功。不要使用-j选项进行多线程编译，因为容易编译出错

打开终端进行编译：

cd E:\OpenCV_3.3.1\opencv-build
mingw32-make
mingw32-make install

解决方法：
mingw32-make 不是内部或外部命令，原因，没有配置环境变量。
方法：
用everything搜索mingw32-make.exe。将它的路径，添加到path环境变量中。重启电脑，或者等待一会。在cmd中，mingw32-make就成为有效的命令了。

编译报错：

注意CMAKE不要安装在X86路径下！！！！！
重新安装后解决！！！！！
又出幺蛾子：

C:\Strawberry\c\bin\windres.exe: unknown option – W
Usage: C:\Strawberry\c\bin\windres.exe [option(s)] [input-file] [output-file]
The options are:
-i --input= Name input file
-o --output= Name output file
-J --input-format= Specify input format
-O --output-format= Specify output format
-F --target= Specify COFF target
–preprocessor= Program to use to preprocess rc file
–preprocessor-arg= Additional preprocessor argument
-I --include-dir=

Include directory when preprocessing rc file
-D --define [=] Define SYM when preprocessing rc file
-U --undefine Undefine SYM when preprocessing rc file
-v --verbose Verbose - tells you what it’s doing
-c --codepage= Specify default codepage
-l --language= Set language when reading rc file
–use-temp-file Use a temporary file instead of popen to read
the preprocessor output
–no-use-temp-file Use popen (default)
-r Ignored for compatibility with rc
@ Read options from
-h --help Print this help message
-V --version Print version information
FORMAT is one of rc, res, or coff, and is deduced from the file name
extension if not specified. A single file name is an input file.
No input-file is stdin, default rc. No output-file is stdout, default rc.
C:\Strawberry\c\bin\windres.exe: supported targets: pe-i386 pei-i386 elf32-i386 elf32-little elf32-big plugin srec symbolsrec verilog tekhex binary ihex
modules\core\CMakeFiles\opencv_core.dir\build.make:1638: recipe for target ‘modules/core/CMakeFiles/opencv_core.dir/vs_version.rc.obj’ failed
mingw32-make[2]: *** [modules/core/CMakeFiles/opencv_core.dir/vs_version.rc.obj] Error 1
CMakeFiles\Makefile2:1640: recipe for target ‘modules/core/CMakeFiles/opencv_core.dir/all’ failed
mingw32-make[1]: *** [modules/core/CMakeFiles/opencv_core.dir/all] Error 2
Makefile:161: recipe for target ‘all’ failed
mingw32-make: *** [all] Error 2
解决方案：
在cmake中 取消勾选 ENABLE_PRECOMPILED_HEADERS
编译成功：

mingw32-make install

四、Qt使用OpenCV

只需要在pro配置中写好路径：

起不来。。。。。。
需要勾选CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE：指定编译的类型为Debug模式，重新编译。。。。
改为debug版本，编译报错

sprintf_instead_use_StringCbPrintfA_or_StringCchPrintfA错误
…opencv/sources/modules/videoio/src/cap_dshow.cpp…
…‘sprintf_instead_use_StringCbPrintfA_or_StringCchPrintfA’ was not declared inthis scope …

解决方式:
在cap_dshow.cpp(目录在上面) 添加一行:
#define STRSAFE_NO_DEPRECATE

Running Windows Runtime device detection.
No winrtrunner.exe found.
系统找不到指定的路径。
系统找不到指定的路径。
运行闪退，debug提示：during startup program exited with code 0xc0000135

需要将E:\Install\opencv331_mingwBuild\install\x86\mingw\bin拷贝到工程E:\MyCodes\QtCodes\QtDemo\build-024_OpenCVImage-Desktop_Qt_5_11_0_MinGW_32bit-Debug\debug下
成功运行demo

我的Qt图像标签demo博客：
Qt C++版深度学习图像标注工具

【参考文献】

1.Cmake 编译opencv缺少出现下载ffmpeg相关库解决方案 - it610.com
https://www.it610.com/article/1281192054168240128.htm
2.(197条消息) OpenCV使用CMake和MinGW的编译安装及其在Qt配置运行_辉哈的博客-CSDN博客_mingw编译opencv
https://blog.csdn.net/huihut/article/details/78701814
3.(197条消息) idea启动tomcat出现‘D:\Programfiles‘ 不是内部或外部命令，也不是可运行的程序_Maxiao1204的博客-CSDN博客
https://blog.csdn.net/Maxiao1204/article/details/112014217
4.(197条消息) opencv 用minggw编译时，遇到的坑_竹叶青水的博客-CSDN博客
https://blog.csdn.net/JimBraddock/article/details/88579809
5.(197条消息) c++ 编译OpenCV-3.3.0过程及遇到的问题_Alex_z0897的博客-CSDN博客_c++ opencv 编译
https://blog.csdn.net/zoeou/article/details/79559189
6.(197条消息) Qt5配置opencv3.4.5_菜鸟小郭(￣▽￣)的博客-CSDN博客
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38846780/article/details/116129164