NumPy视图、浅复制和深复制

视图和浅复制

不同的数组对象分享同一个数据。视图方法创造一个新的数组对象指向同一数据。

>>> import numpy as np
>>> a = np.arange(12)
>>> a
array([ 0,  1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9, 10, 11])
>>> b = a
>>> b is a
True
>>> b.shape = (3,4)
>>> a.shape
(3, 4)
>>> c = a.view()
>>> c is a
False
>>> c.base is a
True
>>> c
array([[ 0,  1,  2,  3],
       [ 4,  5,  6,  7],
       [ 8,  9, 10, 11]])
>>> c.shape = 2,6
>>> c
array([[ 0,  1,  2,  3,  4,  5],
       [ 6,  7,  8,  9, 10, 11]])
>>> a.shape
(3, 4)
>>> c[0,4] = 1234
>>> a
array([[   0,    1,    2,    3],
       [1234,    5,    6,    7],
       [   8,    9,   10,   11]])

切片数组返回它的一个视图：

>>> s = a[:,1:3]
>>> s
array([[ 1,  2],
       [ 5,  6],
       [ 9, 10]])
>>> s[:] = 10
>>> s
array([[10, 10],
       [10, 10],
       [10, 10]])
>>> a
array([[   0,   10,   10,    3],
       [1234,   10,   10,    7],
       [   8,   10,   10,   11]])

深复制

完全复制数组和它的数据。

>>> d = a.copy()
>>> d is a
False
>>> d.base is a
False
>>> d
array([[   0,   10,   10,    3],
       [1234,   10,   10,    7],
       [   8,   10,   10,   11]])
>>> d[0,0] = 9999
>>> d
array([[9999,   10,   10,    3],
       [1234,   10,   10,    7],
       [   8,   10,   10,   11]])
>>> a
array([[   0,   10,   10,    3],
       [1234,   10,   10,    7],
       [   8,   10,   10,   11]])