ｃ＋＋中“.”和“－>”的区别

// expre_Selection_Operator.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

struct Date {
   Date(int i, int j, int k) : day(i), month(j), year(k){}
   int month;
   int day;
   int year;
};

int main() {
   Date mydate(1,1,1900);
   mydate->month = 2;
   cout  << mydate.month << "/" << mydate->day
         << "/" << mydate->year << endl;

   Date *mydate2 = new Date(1,1,2000);
   mydate2->month = 2;
   cout  << mydate2->month << "/" << mydate2->day
         << "/" << mydate2->year << endl;
   delete mydate2;
}

以上代码中会出现编译错误。

 In function ‘int main()’:
cc.cpp:15:10: error: base operand of ‘->’ has non-pointer type ‘Date’
    mydate->month = 2;
          ^
cc.cpp:16:42: error: base operand of ‘->’ has non-pointer type ‘Date’
    cout  << mydate.month << "/" << mydate->day
                                          ^
cc.cpp:17:26: error: base operand of ‘->’ has non-pointer type ‘Date’
          << "/" << mydate->year << endl;
                          ^

将代码改成如下方式则顺利通过：

// expre_Selection_Operator.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

struct Date {
   Date(int i, int j, int k) : day(i), month(j), year(k){}
   int month;
   int day;
   int year;
};

int main() {
   Date mydate(1,1,1900);
   mydate.month = 2;
   cout  << mydate.month << "/" << mydate.day
         << "/" << mydate.year << endl;

   Date *mydate2 = new Date(1,1,2000);
   mydate2->month = 2;
   cout  << mydate2->month << "/" << mydate2->day
         << "/" << mydate2->year << endl;
   delete mydate2;
}

通过以上两种代码可简单的表述为，当对象为指针时需用“->”进行成员的访问，对象为普通时用“.”访问和赋值。