知识点:
(1)一个对象,如果它的类有多个基类则有多个虚函数表指针(注意是两个虚函数表指针,而不是两个虚函数表);
在多继承中,对应各个基类的vptr按继承顺序依次放置在类的内存空间中,且子类与第一个基类共用一个vptr(第二个基类有自己的vptr);
(2)下图适合vs2017
(2.1)子类对象ins里有两个虚函数表指针,vptr1,vptr2
(2.2)类Derived有两个虚函数表,因为它继承自两个基类;
(2.3)子类和第一个基类公用一个vptr(因为vptr指向一个虚函数表,所以也可以说子类和第一个基类共用一个虚函数表vtbl),
因为我们注意到了类Derived的虚函数表1里边的5个函数,而g()正好是base1里边的函数。
(2.4)子类中的虚函数覆盖了父类中的同名虚函数。比如derived::f(),derived::i();
测试代码如下:
// 该实例演示多重继承下的子类虚函数表
//
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
//基类1
class Base1
{
public:
virtual void f()
{
cout << "base1::f()" << endl;
}
virtual void g()
{
cout << "base1::g()" << endl;
}
};
//基类2
class Base2
{
public:
virtual void h()
{
cout << "base2::h()" << endl;
}
virtual void i()
{
cout << "base2::i()" << endl;
}
};
//子类
class Derived :public Base1, public Base2
{
public:
virtual void f() //覆盖父类1的虚函数
{
cout << "derived::f()" << endl;
}
virtual void i() //覆盖父类2的虚函数
{
cout << "derived::i()" << endl;
}
//如下三个我们自己的虚函数
virtual void mh()
{
cout << "derived::mh()" << endl;
}
virtual void mi()
{
cout << "derived::mi()" << endl;
}
virtual void mj()
{
cout << "derived::mj()" << endl;
}
};
int main()
{
//第四节 多重继承虚函数表分析
//多重继承
cout << sizeof(Base1) << endl;
cout << sizeof(Base2) << endl;
cout << sizeof(Derived) << endl;
Derived ins;
Base1 &b1 = ins; //多态
Base2 &b2 = ins;
Derived &d = ins;
typedef void(*Func)(void);
long *pderived1 = (long *)(&ins);
long *vptr1 = (long *)(*pderived1); //取第一个虚函数表指针。
long *pderived2 = pderived1 + 1; //跳过4字。
long *vptr2 = (long *)(*pderived2); //取第二个虚函数表指针。
Func f1 = (Func)vptr1[0]; //0x00ab15d7 {project100.exe!Derived::f(void)}
Func f2 = (Func)vptr1[1]; //0x00ab15f0 {project100.exe!Base1::g(void)}
Func f3 = (Func)vptr1[2]; //0x00ab15cd {project100.exe!Derived::mh(void)}
Func f4 = (Func)vptr1[3]; //0x00ab15ff {project100.exe!Derived::mi(void)}
Func f5 = (Func)vptr1[4]; //0x00ab15eb {project100.exe!Derived::mj(void)}
Func f6 = (Func)vptr1[5]; //非正常
Func f7 = (Func)vptr1[6];
Func f8 = (Func)vptr1[7];
Func f11 = (Func)vptr2[0]; //0x00ab15af {project100.exe!Base2::h(void)}
Func f22 = (Func)vptr2[1]; //0x00ab15b9 {project100.exe!Derived::i(void)}
Func f33 = (Func)vptr2[2]; //非正常
Func f44 = (Func)vptr2[3];
b1.f();
b2.i();
d.f();
d.i();
d.mh();
d.g();
//----------------
cout << "-----------------" << endl;
f1();
f2();
f3();
f4();
f5();
cout << "-------------" << endl;
f11();
f22();
system("pause");
return 1;
}