影响组织绩效或项目风险的外部因素,可以使用PESTLE模型进行分析。
下面的内容来自ISO9002,非常适合于PESTLE的理解与使用。
1)经济因素,比如货币汇率、经济状况、通胀预期、信贷投放等;
Economic factors: such as money exchange rates,economic situation,inflation forecast,credit availability;
2)社会因素,比如本地失业率、安全感、教育水平、公共假期和工作日等;
Social factors: such as local unemployment rates, safety perception, education levels, public holidays and working days;
3)政治因素,比如政策稳定性、公共投资、本地基础设施、国际贸易协定等;
Political factors: such as political stability, public investments, local infrastructure,international trade agreements;
4)技术因素,比如新行业技术、材料和设备、专利到期、职业道德规范等;
Technological factors: such as new sector technology, materials and equipment, patent expirations, professional code of ethics;
5)市场因素,比如竞争力,包括组织的市场份额、类似产品或服务,市场主流趋势、客户增长趋势,市场稳