下面程序实现了多播发送与接收:
news_sender.c
//多播:向多播组中多个主机传递数据,多播组是D类IP地址
//多播方式是基于UDP完成的
//TTL:生存时间(数据包传递距离)。每经过一个路由器就减1,TTL变0时,数据包无法传递,只能销毁。
//广播:向同一网络中的主机传送数据。
//广播设置方法:
//int bcast=1;
//setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, (void*)&bcast, sizeof(bcast));
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#define TTL 64
#define BUF_SIZE 30
void error_handling(char *message);
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int sock;
struct sockaddr_in mul_addr;
socklen_t adr_sz;
int str_len;
char buf[BUF_SIZE];
int time_live=TTL;
FILE *fp;
if(argc!=3)
{
exit(1);
}
sock=socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if(sock == -1)
error_handling("socket error!");
//配置地址
memset(&mul_addr, 0, sizeof(mul_addr));
mul_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
mul_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
mul_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
//设置TTL
setsockopt(sock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, (void*)&time_live, sizeof(time_live));
if((fp=fopen("news.txt", "r"))==NULL)
error_handling("fopen error");
while(!feof(fp))
{
fgets(buf, BUF_SIZE, fp);
//向mul_addr发送多播数据
sendto(sock, buf, strlen(buf), 0, (struct sockaddr*)&mul_addr, sizeof(mul_addr));
sleep(2);
}
fclose(fp);
close(sock);
return 0;
}
void error_handling(char *message)
{
fputs(message, stderr);
fputc('\n', stderr);
exit(1);
}
news_receiver.c
//多播接收程序,需要有加入多播组的过程,剩下的和UDP差不多
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <boost/concept_check.hpp>
#define BUF_SIZE 30
void error_handling(char *message);
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int recv_sock;
struct sockaddr_in addr;
struct sockaddr_in clnt_addr;
socklen_t clnt_addr_size;
int str_len;
char buf[BUF_SIZE];
struct ip_mreq join_adr;
if(argc!=2)
{
exit(1);
}
//1.创建UDP套接字
recv_sock=socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if(recv_sock == -1)
error_handling("socket error!");
//2.配置地址
memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
addr.sin_family = AF_INET; //IPV4协议族
addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); //主机字节序(host)转换成网络字节序(net)(大端序)
addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
if(bind(recv_sock, (struct sockaddr*) &addr, sizeof(addr)) == -1)
error_handling("bind error");
//将当前主机加入多播组:初始化多播组地址,初始化待加入主机的IP地址
join_adr.imr_multiaddr.s_addr=inet_addr(argv[1]);
join_adr.imr_interface.s_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);
setsockopt(recv_sock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP, (void*)&join_adr, sizeof(join_adr));
while(1)
{
//接收多播数据,最后两个参数设置为NULL和0就行
str_len=recvfrom(recv_sock, buf, BUF_SIZE-1, 0, NULL, 0);
if(str_len<0)
break;
buf[str_len]=0;
fputs(buf, stdout);
}
close(recv_sock);
return 0;
}
void error_handling(char *message)
{
fputs(message, stderr);
fputc('\n', stderr);
exit(1);
}