echo_stdserv.c
//套接字的标准IO:标准IO函数有自己的缓冲,可以提高传输性能
//而系统函数read和write未提供缓冲,传输相对较慢
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#define BUF_SIZE 1024
void error_handling(char *message);
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int serv_sock;
int clnt_sock;
struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
struct sockaddr_in clnt_addr;
socklen_t clnt_addr_size;
int str_len;
char message[BUF_SIZE];
FILE *readfp;
FILE *writefp;
if(argc!=2)
{
exit(1);
}
//TCP socket
serv_sock=socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if(serv_sock == -1)
error_handling("socket error!");
memset(&serv_addr, 0, sizeof(serv_addr));
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; //IPV4协议族
serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); //主机字节序(host)转换成网络字节序(net)(大端序)
serv_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[1])); //端口号
if(bind(serv_sock, (struct sockaddr*) &serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) == -1)
error_handling("bind error");
if(listen(serv_sock, 5) == -1)
error_handling("listen error");
clnt_addr_size = sizeof(clnt_addr);
int i;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
clnt_sock=accept(serv_sock, (struct sockaddr*) &clnt_addr, &clnt_addr_size);
if(clnt_sock == -1)
error_handling("accept error");
else
printf("connect client: %d \n", i+1);
//下面使用标准IO函数传输数据
readfp=fdopen(clnt_sock, "r"); //将套接字描述符转换为FILE指针
writefp=fdopen(clnt_sock, "w");
while(!feof(readfp))
{
fgets(message, BUF_SIZE, readfp);
fputs(message, writefp);
//标准IO内部有额外缓冲,若不调用fflush则无法立即将数据传输到客户端
fflush(writefp);
}
fclose(readfp);
fclose(writefp);
}
close(serv_sock);
return 0;
}
void error_handling(char *message)
{
fputs(message, stderr);
fputc('\n', stderr);
exit(1);
}
IO流分离(半关闭的实现)
sep_serv.c
//分离IO流,文件描述符的复制和半关闭
//文件描述符复制:dup(),dup2()
//shutdown函数使服务器端进入半关闭状态
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#define BUF_SIZE 1024
void error_handling(char *message);
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int serv_sock;
int clnt_sock;
struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
struct sockaddr_in clnt_addr;
socklen_t clnt_addr_size;
int str_len;
char buf[BUF_SIZE];
FILE *readfp;
FILE *writefp;
if(argc!=2)
{
exit(1);
}
//TCP socket
serv_sock=socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if(serv_sock == -1)
error_handling("socket error!");
memset(&serv_addr, 0, sizeof(serv_addr));
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; //IPV4协议族
serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); //主机字节序(host)转换成网络字节序(net)(大端序)
serv_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[1])); //端口号
if(bind(serv_sock, (struct sockaddr*) &serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) == -1)
error_handling("bind error");
if(listen(serv_sock, 5) == -1)
error_handling("listen error");
clnt_addr_size = sizeof(clnt_addr);
readfp=fdopen(clnt_sock, "r");
writefp=fdopen(dup(clnt_sock), "w"); //使用dup复制套接字描述符
fputs("hello world!", writefp);
fflush(writefp);
//调用shutdown关闭输出流,fileno作用是将FILE指针转换为描述符
shutdown(fileno(writefp), SHUT_WR);
fclose(writefp); //关闭writefp不会关闭整个套接字,因为上面复制了套接字描述符
fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), readfp);
fputs(buf, stdout);
fclose(readfp); //至此关闭了套接字
return 0;
}
void error_handling(char *message)
{
fputs(message, stderr);
fputc('\n', stderr);
exit(1);
}