Time Limit: 10000MS | Memory Limit: 65536K | |
Total Submissions: 30559 | Accepted: 9995 |
Description
Professor Hopper is researching the sexual behavior of a rare species of bugs. He assumes that they feature two different genders and that they only interact with bugs of the opposite gender. In his experiment, individual bugs and their interactions were easy to identify, because numbers were printed on their backs.
Problem
Given a list of bug interactions, decide whether the experiment supports his assumption of two genders with no homosexual bugs or if it contains some bug interactions that falsify it.
Input
Output
Sample Input
2 3 3 1 2 2 3 1 3 4 2 1 2 3 4
Sample Output
Scenario #1: Suspicious bugs found! Scenario #2: No suspicious bugs found!
Time Limit: 1000MS | Memory Limit: 10000K | |
Total Submissions: 35456 | Accepted: 10883 |
Description
The police office in Tadu City decides to say ends to the chaos, as launch actions to root up the TWO gangs in the city, Gang Dragon and Gang Snake. However, the police first needs to identify which gang a criminal belongs to. The present question is, given two criminals; do they belong to a same clan? You must give your judgment based on incomplete information. (Since the gangsters are always acting secretly.)
Assume N (N <= 10^5) criminals are currently in Tadu City, numbered from 1 to N. And of course, at least one of them belongs to Gang Dragon, and the same for Gang Snake. You will be given M (M <= 10^5) messages in sequence, which are in the following two kinds:
1. D [a] [b]
where [a] and [b] are the numbers of two criminals, and they belong to different gangs.
2. A [a] [b]
where [a] and [b] are the numbers of two criminals. This requires you to decide whether a and b belong to a same gang.
Input
Output
Sample Input
1
5 5
A 1 2
D 1 2
A 1 2
D 2 4
A 1 4
Sample Output
Not sure yet. In different gangs. In the same gang.
以上两道都是并查集的扩展题,种类并查集我们定义一个relation[]数组,来存放x和其父亲的关系,我们在并查集的查找函数中,更新x和其新父结点之间的关系,由于路径压缩,所以当前x结点是直接指向根结点的,所以根据旧的父结点和新根结点的关系可以得到如下方程:relation[x] = (relation[x] + relation[father[x]]) % n,n为组数。再合并函数中,我们可以根据实际题目中所给信息来更新对应关系。比如bugs臭虫的那题,题目要求臭虫同性恋发生的概率,那么我们合并的时候就根据不是同性恋的合并在一个集合里,那么relation[x]和relation[y]要彼此相异,也就是说relation[x] ^ relation[y] = 1,所以我们可以得到方程relation[fx] (fx为合并到根结点(fy)的子结点)= (relation[x] +relation[y] + 1) % 2.
歹徒那题,合并的时候fy,子结点y,合并到fx,子结点x上,那么我们可以推出fy -> fx的向量加法得:fy->fx = fy ->y + y - > x + x -> fx,然后可以得到表达式relation[fy] = -relation[y] + 1 + relation[x];
下面是两题的AC代码:
POJ2492:
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
#define MAX 5005
int parent[MAX]; //记录父节点
int relations[MAX]; //relations[x]记录x和父节点之间的关系
//其中relations[x] = 0表示x和父节点关系为同性, relations[x] = 1表示x和父节点关系为异性
//集合查找
int findSet(int x)
{
int temp = parent[x];
if(temp == x)
return x;
parent[x] = findSet(temp);
relations[x] = (relations[x] + relations[temp]) % 2; //根据老的父节点和新父节点关系,修改relations[x]值
return parent[x];
}
//合并集合
void unionSet(int root1, int root2)
{
int x = findSet(root1);
int y = findSet(root2);
if(x == y)
return ;
parent[x] = y;
relations[x] = ((relations[root1] - relations[root2] + 1) % 2);
return ;
}
//初始化数据
void init(void)
{
memset(relations, 0, sizeof(relations));
for(int i = 0; i < MAX; i++)
parent[i] = i;
return ;
}
int main()
{
int temp1, temp2;
int n, m;
int num;
int count = 1;
scanf("%d", &num);
while(num--)
{
scanf("%d%d", &n, &m);
init();
int flag = 1;
for(int i = 0; i < m; i++)
{
scanf("%d%d", &temp1, &temp2);
if(findSet(temp1) == findSet(temp2))
{
if(relations[temp1] != (relations[temp2] + 1) % 2) //如果不满足异性关系,有矛盾
flag = 0;
}
else
{
unionSet(temp1, temp2);
}
}
if(flag)
{
printf("Scenario #%d:\nNo suspicious bugs found!\n\n", count++);
}
else
{
printf("Scenario #%d:\nSuspicious bugs found!\n\n", count++);
}
}
return 0;
}
POJ1703:
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
using namespace std;
const int maxn = 100010;
int father[maxn];
int offset[maxn]; //offset是a -> fa(a的根)
int pos1,pos2;
void init(int cnt)
{
int i;
for(i=1;i<=cnt;i++)
{
father[i] = i;
offset[i] = 0; //偏移量初始化
}
}
int find(int x)
{
int fx;
if(x != father[x])
{
fx = father[x]; //记录父结点
father[x] = find(father[x]);
offset[x] = (offset[x] + offset[fx]) % 2; //x -> fx(root),2组;
}
return father[x];
}
void Union(int a,int b)
{
int fx = find(a);
int fy = find(b);
if(fx != fy)
{
father[fx] = fy;
offset[fx] = (3 - offset[a] + offset[b]) % 2;
//offset[fx] = (1 +offset[b]-offset[a])%2;
}
}
int main()
{
int T;
int m,n;
char Q[2];
int num1,num2;
int fa,fb;
int i;
//freopen("1.txt","r",stdin);
scanf("%d",&T);
while(T--)
{
cin>>m>>n;
init(m);
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
scanf("%s%d%d",Q,&num1,&num2);
if(Q[0] == 'D')
{
Union(num1,num2);
}
else
{
if(m == 2)
{
printf("In different gangs.\n");
}
else
{
fa = find(num1);
fb = find(num2);
if(fa != fb)
{
printf("Not sure yet.\n");
continue;
}
if(offset[num1] != offset[num2])
{
printf("In different gangs.\n");
continue;
}
printf("In the same gang.\n");
}
}
}
}
return 0;
}