STL-string-1

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-02 16:10:25 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-11-02 16:10:25 发布

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文章标签： c++ 数学建模算法

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u013049912/article/details/131002104

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stoi

int stoi (const string&  str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);int stoi (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);

Convert string to integer

解析str，将其内容解释为指定基数的整数，该整数作为int值返回。如果idx不是空指针，函数还会将idx的值设置为str中数字后面第一个字符的位置。函数使用strtol（或wcstol）来执行转换（有关过程的更多详细信息，请参阅strtol）。

// stoi example
#include <iostream>   // std::cout
#include <string>     // std::string, std::stoi

int main ()
{
  std::string str_dec = "2001, A Space Odyssey";
  std::string str_hex = "40c3";
  std::string str_bin = "-10010110001";
  std::string str_auto = "0x7f";

  std::string::size_type sz;   // alias of size_t

  int i_dec = std::stoi (str_dec,&sz);
  int i_hex = std::stoi (str_hex,nullptr,16);
  int i_bin = std::stoi (str_bin,nullptr,2);
  int i_auto = std::stoi (str_auto,nullptr,0);

  std::cout << str_dec << ": " << i_dec << " and [" << str_dec.substr(sz) << "]\n";
  std::cout << str_hex << ": " << i_hex << '\n';
  std::cout << str_bin << ": " << i_bin << '\n';
  std::cout << str_auto << ": " << i_auto << '\n';

  return 0;
}Output:

2001, A Space Odyssey: 2001 and [, A Space Odyssey]
40c3:  16579
-10010110001: -1201
0x7f: 127

stol

long stol (const string&  str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);long stol (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);

Convert string to long int

解析str，将其内容解释为指定基数的整数，该整数作为long int类型的值返回。如果idx不是空指针，函数还会将idx的值设置为str中数字后面第一个字符的位置。函数使用strtol（或wcstol）来执行转换（有关过程的更多详细信息，请参阅strtol）。

// stol example
#include <iostream>   // std::cout
#include <string>     // std::string, std::stol

int main ()
{
  std::string str_dec = "1987520";
  std::string str_hex = "2f04e009";
  std::string str_bin = "-11101001100100111010";
  std::string str_auto = "0x7fffff";

  std::string::size_type sz;   // alias of size_t

  long li_dec = std::stol (str_dec,&sz);
  long li_hex = std::stol (str_hex,nullptr,16);
  long li_bin = std::stol (str_bin,nullptr,2);
  long li_auto = std::stol (str_auto,nullptr,0);

  std::cout << str_dec << ": " << li_dec << '\n';
  std::cout << str_hex << ": " << li_hex << '\n';
  std::cout << str_bin << ": " << li_bin << '\n';
  std::cout << str_auto << ": " << li_auto << '\n';

  return 0;
}Output:

1987520: 1987520
2f04e009: 788848649
-11101001100100111010: -956730
0x7fffff: 8388607

stoul

unsigned long stoul (const string&  str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);unsigned long stoul (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);

Convert string to unsigned integer

分析str，将其内容解释为指定基数的整数，该整数作为无符号长值返回。如果idx不是空指针，函数还会将idx的值设置为str中数字后面第一个字符的位置。该函数使用strtoul（或wcstoul）来执行转换（有关该过程的更多详细信息，请参阅strtol）。

// stoul example
#include <iostream>   // std::cin, std::cout
#include <string>     // std::string, std::stoul, std::getline

int main ()
{
  std::string str;
  std::cout << "Enter an unsigned number: ";
  std::getline (std::cin,str);
  unsigned long ul = std::stoul (str,nullptr,0);
  std::cout << "You entered: " << ul << '\n';
  return 0;
}

stoll

long long stoll (const string&  str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);long long stoll (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);

Convert string to long long

解析str，将其内容解释为指定基数的整数，该整数作为long-long类型的值返回。如果idx不是空指针，函数还会将idx的值设置为str中数字后面第一个字符的位置。该函数使用strtoll（或wcstoll）来执行转换（有关该过程的更多详细信息，请参阅strtol）。

// stoll example
#include <iostream>   // std::cout
#include <string>     // std::string, std::stoll

int main ()
{
  std::string str = "8246821 0xffff 020";

  std::string::size_type sz = 0;   // alias of size_t

  while (!str.empty()) {
    long long ll = std::stoll (str,&sz,0);
    std::cout << str.substr(0,sz) << " interpreted as " << ll << '\n';
    str = str.substr(sz);
  }

  return 0;
}Output:

8246821 interpreted as 8246821
 0xffff interpreted as 65535
 020 interpreted as 16

stoull

unsigned long long stoull (const string&  str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);unsigned long long stoull (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);

Convert string to unsigned long long

分析str，将其内容解释为指定基数的整数，该整数作为unsigned long-long类型的值返回。如果idx不是空指针，函数还会将idx的值设置为str中数字后面第一个字符的位置。该函数使用strtoull（或wcstoull）来执行转换（有关该过程的更多详细信息，请参阅strtol）。

// stoull example
#include <iostream>   // std::cout
#include <string>     // std::string, std::stoull

int main ()
{
  std::string str = "8246821 0xffff 020 -1";

  std::string::size_type sz = 0;   // alias of size_t

  while (!str.empty()) {
    unsigned long long ull = std::stoull (str,&sz,0);
    std::cout << str.substr(0,sz) << " interpreted as " << ull << '\n';
    str = str.substr(sz);
  }

  return 0;
}Possible output:

8246821 interpreted as 8246821
 0xffff interpreted as 65535
 020 interpreted as 16
 -1 interpreted as 18446744073709551615

stof

float stof (const string&  str, size_t* idx = 0);float stof (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0);

Convert string to float

分析str，将其内容解释为浮点数，该浮点数作为float类型的值返回。如果idx不是空指针，函数还会将idx的值设置为str中数字后面第一个字符的位置。该函数使用strtod（或wcstod）来执行转换（有关该过程的更多详细信息，请参阅strtod）。请注意，这些函数所接受的格式取决于当前的语言环境。

// stof example
#include <iostream>   // std::cout
#include <string>     // std::string, std::stof

int main ()
{
  std::string orbits ("686.97 365.24");
  std::string::size_type sz;     // alias of size_t

  float mars = std::stof (orbits,&sz);
  float earth = std::stof (orbits.substr(sz));
  std::cout << "One martian year takes " << (mars/earth) << " Earth years.\n";
  return 0;
}Possible output:

One martian year takes 1.88087 Earth years.

stod

double stod (const string&  str, size_t* idx = 0);double stod (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0);

Convert string to double

分析str，将其内容解释为浮点数，该浮点数作为double类型的值返回。如果idx不是空指针，函数还会将idx的值设置为str中数字后面第一个字符的位置。该函数使用strtod（或wcstod）来执行转换（有关该过程的更多详细信息，请参阅strtod）。请注意，这些函数所接受的格式取决于当前的语言环境。

// stod example
#include <iostream>   // std::cout
#include <string>     // std::string, std::stod

int main ()
{
  std::string orbits ("365.24 29.53");
  std::string::size_type sz;     // alias of size_t

  double earth = std::stod (orbits,&sz);
  double moon = std::stod (orbits.substr(sz));
  std::cout << "The moon completes " << (earth/moon) << " orbits per Earth year.\n";
  return 0;
}

Possible output:

The moon completes 12.3684 orbits per Earth year.

stold

long double stold (const string&  str, size_t* idx = 0);long double stold (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0);

Convert string to long double

分析str，将其内容解释为浮点数，该浮点数作为长双精度类型的值返回。如果idx不是空指针，函数还会将idx的值设置为str中数字后面第一个字符的位置。该函数使用strtell（或wcstold）来执行转换（有关该过程的更多详细信息，请参阅strtod）。

// stold example
#include <iostream>   // std::cout
#include <string>     // std::string, std::stod

int main ()
{
  std::string orbits ("90613.305 365.24");
  std::string::size_type sz;     // alias of size_t

  long double pluto = std::stod (orbits,&sz);
  long double earth = std::stod (orbits.substr(sz));
  std::cout << "Pluto takes " << (pluto/earth) << " years to complete an orbit.\n";
  return 0;
}Possible output:

Pluto takes 248.093 years to complete an orbit.

to_string

string to_string (int val);string to_string (long val);string to_string (long long val);string to_string (unsigned val);string to_string (unsigned long val);string to_string (unsigned long long val);string to_string (float val);string to_string (double val);string to_string (long double val);

Convert numerical value to string

返回一个以val表示的字符串。

// to_string example
#include <iostream>   // std::cout
#include <string>     // std::string, std::to_string

int main ()
{
  std::string pi = "pi is " + std::to_string(3.1415926);
  std::string perfect = std::to_string(1+2+4+7+14) + " is a perfect number";
  std::cout << pi << '\n';
  std::cout << perfect << '\n';
  return 0;
}Possible output:

pi is 3.141593
28 is a perfect number

to_wstring

wstring to_wstring (int val);wstring to_wstring (long val);wstring to_wstring (long long val);wstring to_wstring (unsigned val);wstring to_wstring (unsigned long val);wstring to_wstring (unsigned long long val);wstring to_wstring (float val);wstring to_wstring (double val);wstring to_wstring (long double val);

Convert numerical value to wide string

返回一个表示为val的wstring。

// to_wstring example
#include <iostream>   // std::wcout
#include <string>     // std::wstring, std::to_wstring

int main ()
{
  std::wstring pi = L"pi is " + std::to_wstring(3.1415926);
  std::wstring perfect = std::to_wstring(1+2+4+7+14) + L" is a perfect number";
  std::wcout << pi << L'\n';
  std::wcout << perfect << L'\n';
  return 0;
}Possible output: