v4l2应用空间编程

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <getopt.h>           
#include <fcntl.h>            
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <asm/types.h>        
#include <linux/videodev2.h>

#define CAPTURE_FILE "frame.jpg"

#define VIDEO_WIDTH 640
#define VIDEO_HEIGHT 480
#define VIDEO_FORMAT V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV
#define BUFFER_COUNT 4

typedef struct VideoBuffer {
    void   *start;
    size_t  length;
} VideoBuffer;

VideoBuffer framebuf[BUFFER_COUNT];

int main()
{
    int i,fd;
    fd = open("/dev/video0", O_RDWR);

    struct v4l2_capability cap;
    ioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QUERYCAP, &cap);
    printf(" driver: %s\n", cap.driver);
    printf(" card: %s\n", cap.card);
    printf(" bus_info: %s\n", cap.bus_info);
    printf(" version: %08X\n", cap.version);
    printf(" capabilities: %08X\n", cap.capabilities);

    // 设置视频格式
    struct v4l2_format fmt;
    memset(&fmt, 0, sizeof(fmt));
    fmt.type                = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
    fmt.fmt.pix.width       = VIDEO_WIDTH;
    fmt.fmt.pix.height      = VIDEO_HEIGHT;
    fmt.fmt.pix.pixelformat = V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV;
    fmt.fmt.pix.field       = V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED;
    ioctl(fd, VIDIOC_S_FMT, &fmt);

    // 获取视频格式
    ioctl(fd, VIDIOC_G_FMT, &fmt);
    printf(" type: %d\n", fmt.type);
    printf(" width: %d\n", fmt.fmt.pix.width);
    printf(" height: %d\n", fmt.fmt.pix.height);
    printf(" field: %d\n", fmt.fmt.pix.field);
    printf(" bytesperline: %d\n", fmt.fmt.pix.bytesperline);
    printf(" sizeimage: %d\n", fmt.fmt.pix.sizeimage);
    printf(" colorspace: %d\n", fmt.fmt.pix.colorspace);
    printf(" priv: %d\n", fmt.fmt.pix.priv);
    printf(" raw_date: %s\n", fmt.fmt.raw_data);

    // 请求分配内存
    struct v4l2_requestbuffers reqbuf;
    reqbuf.count = BUFFER_COUNT;
    reqbuf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
    reqbuf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
    ioctl(fd , VIDIOC_REQBUFS, &reqbuf);

    struct v4l2_buffer buf;
    for (i = 0; i < reqbuf.count; i++) 
    {
        buf.index = i;
        buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
        buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
        ioctl(fd , VIDIOC_QUERYBUF, &buf);

        framebuf[i].length = buf.length;
        framebuf[i].start = (char *) mmap(0, buf.length, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, 
			MAP_SHARED, fd, buf.m.offset);
        if (framebuf[i].start == MAP_FAILED)
		{
            printf("mmap (%d) failed: %s !\n", i, strerror(errno));
            return -1;
        }
        ioctl(fd , VIDIOC_QBUF, &buf);
        printf("Frame buffer %d: address=%#X, length=%d\n", i, (unsigned int)
			framebuf[i].start, framebuf[i].length);
    }

    // 开始录制
    enum v4l2_buf_type type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
    ioctl(fd, VIDIOC_STREAMON, &type);

    // Get frame
    ioctl(fd, VIDIOC_DQBUF, &buf);
	printf("buf.index=%d\n",buf.index);

    // Process the frame
    FILE *fp = fopen(CAPTURE_FILE, "w");
    fwrite(framebuf[buf.index].start, 1, buf.length, fp);
    fclose(fp);

    // Re-queen buffer
    ioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &buf);

    // Release the resource
    for (i=0; i< 4; i++) 
    {
        munmap(framebuf[i].start, framebuf[i].length);
    }
    close(fd);
    return 0;
}

测试：
[root@localhost test]# modprobe vivi
[root@localhost test]# ./V4L2-APP
driver: vivi
card: vivi
bus_info: vivi-000
version: 00000600
capabilities: 05000001

type: 1
width: 640
height: 480
pixelformat: YUYV
field: 4
bytesperline: 1280
sizeimage: 614400
colorspace: 0
priv: 0
raw_date: ?
Frame buffer 0: address=0XB8040000, length=614400
Frame buffer 1: address=0XB7FAA000, length=614400
Frame buffer 2: address=0XB7F14000, length=614400
Frame buffer 3: address=0XB7E7E000, length=614400
buf.index=0

[root@localhost test]# ls frame.jpg
frame.jpg