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Table 2-1: 7-Bit ASCII Code Table
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7-Bit Code ExtensionEquivalent
C1 Character (EscapeSequence)
9/11 1/11 5/11
CSI ESC [
8/15 1/11 4/15
SS3 ESC O
8/4 1/11 4/4
IND ESC D
In general, youcan use the above code extension technique in two ways.
1. You can express any C1 control characteras a 2-character escape sequence whose second character has a code that is 40(hexadecimal) and 64 (decimal) less than that of the C1 character.
2. You can make any escape sequence whosesecond character is in the range of 4/0 through 5/15 one byte shorter byremoving the ESC and adding40 (hexadecimal) to the code of the second character. This generates an8-bit control character.
2.5.2 ControlSequences
A control sequencestarts with CSI (9/11), followed by one or more ASCII graphic characters. ButCSI (9/11) can also be expressed as the 7-bit code extension ESC [ (1/11,5/11). So you can express all control sequences as escape sequences whosesecond character code is [ (5/11). For example, the following two sequences areequivalent sequences that perform the same function. (They cause the display touse 132 columns per line rather than 80).
9/11 3/15 3/3 6/8
CSI ? 3 h
1/11 5/11 3/15 3/3 6/8
ESC [ ? 3 h
Whenever possible,you should use CSI instead of ESC [ to introduce a control sequence. CSIuses one less byte than ESC [, so you gain processing speed. However, youcan only use a sequence starting with CSI in an 8-bit environment (because CSIis a C1 control character).