c++primer plus第七章编程练习的解答1-8

第一题

//caculate the harmonic average
//program end until you enter  zero
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
double h_average(double,double);

int main()
{
	double a,b,average;
	cout<<"Please enter two numbers:\n";
	while(cin>>a>>b&&a!=0&&b!=0)//a*b!=0 
	{
	    average=h_average(a,b);
	    cout<<"Harmonic average:"<<average<<endl;
	    cout<<"Please enter two numbers:\n";
	    continue;
    }
    cout<<"Bye!!";
    return 0;//dd
}

double h_average(double a,double b)
{
	double average;
	average=2*a*b/(a+b);
	return average;
}

第二题

//enter at most ten groups of your golf scores
//display,caculate the average,show the average.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int read(double*,int);
double caculate(double*,int);
void show(double*,int,double);
const int Size=10;

int main()
{
	double scores[Size];
	int count;
	cout<<"Enter at most ten groups of your golf scores.(q to quit)\n";
	count=read(scores,Size);
	
	double average;
	average=caculate(scores,count);
	
	show(scores,count,average);
	
	return 0; //dd

}

int read(double scores[],int n)
{
	int i=0;
	cout<<"# "<<i+1<<" : ";
	for(i;i<n;i++)
	{
		if(cin>>scores[i])
        {      
            cout<<"# "<<i+2<<" : ";
        }
		else
		    break;	
	}

	return i;
}

double  caculate(double scores[],int count)
{
	double average=0.0,sum=0.0;
	for(int i=0;i<count;i++)
        sum+=scores[i];
    average=sum/count;
    
    return average;
    
}

void show(double scores[],int count,double average)
{
    cout<<"Here are the scores: ";
    for(int i=0;i<count;i++)
	    cout<<scores[i]<<' ';
	cout<<endl;
	cout<<"Average: "<<average;
	    
}

第三题

//using a program to test
//two functions ,one that passes structure by value
//the other passes structure by address
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
struct box
{
	char maker[40];
	float height;
	float width;
	float length;
	float volume;
};

void show1(box);
void show2(box*);
void setbox(box*);

int main()
{
	box car =
	{
		"Mercedes benz",
		200,
		100,
		2,
	};
    setbox(&car);
    show1(car);
    cout<<endl;
    show2(&car);
    
    return 0;
}

void show1(box car)
{
	cout<<"Maker: "<<car.maker<<endl;
	cout<<"height: "<<car.height<<endl;
	cout<<"width: "<<car.width<<endl;
	cout<<"length: "<<car.length<<endl;
	cout<<"volume: "<<car.volume<<endl;
}

void show2(box* car)
{
	cout<<"Maker: "<<car->maker<<endl;
	cout<<"height: "<<car->height<<endl;
	cout<<"width: "<<car->width<<endl;
	cout<<"length: "<<car->length<<endl;
	cout<<"volume: "<<car->volume<<endl;
}

void setbox(box*pb)
{
	pb->volume=pb->height*pb->width*pb->length;
}

第四题

// lotto.cpp -- probability of winning
#include <iostream>
// Note: some implementations require double instead of long double
long double probability(unsigned numbers, unsigned picks);
int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    double total, choices,total2,choices2,p2;
    cout << "Enter the total number of choices on the game card and\n"
            "the number of picks allowed:\n";
    while ((cin >> total >> choices) && choices <= total)
    {
    	cout<<"Enter the total number of the second field number\n"
    	      "and you can choose at most one or not.\n";
    	while((cin>>total2>>choices2)&&choices2<=1)
    	{
    		if(choices2==1){
    		       
				    p2=probability(total2,choices2);
    		        break;
				}
    		else
    		   {
    		        p2=1;
    		        break;
    		    }
    	}
        cout << "You have one chance in ";
        cout << probability(total, choices)*p2;    
        cout << " of winning.\n";
        cout << "Next two numbers (q to quit): ";
    }
    cout << "bye\n";
    // cin.get();
    // cin.get();
    return 0;//dd
}

// the following function calculates the probability of picking picks
// numbers correctly from numbers choices
long double probability(unsigned numbers, unsigned picks)
{
    long double result = 1.0;  // here come some local variables
    long double n;
    unsigned p;

    for (n = numbers, p = picks; p > 0; n--, p--)
        result = result * n / p ; 
    return result;
}

第五题

//using recursive function to caculate factorial
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
long long factorial(int);

int main()
{
	int num;
	cout<<"Please enter a integer number(q to quit): ";
	while(cin>>num&&num>=0)
	{
		 	cout<<num<<"! = "<<factorial(num)<<endl;
	        cout<<"Please enter a integer number: ";
	        continue;
	        
	}
	cout<<"Bye!!";
	return 0; //dd
	
}

long long factorial(int num)
{
	if(num==0)
        return 1;
    
    else if(num==1)
        return 1;
    
    return num*factorial(num-1);
}

第六题

//using three functions 
//first one to fill the array ,second one to show the array
//last one to reverse the array
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int Fill_array(double*,int);
void Show_array(const double*,int);
void Reverse_array(double*,int);
const int Size=10;

int main()
{
	double arr[Size];
	int count;
	count=Fill_array(arr,Size);
	
	Show_array(arr,count);
	
	Reverse_array(arr,count);
	
	Show_array(arr,count);
	
	return 0;//dd
	
}

int Fill_array(double* arr,int size)
{
	int i=0;
	cout<<"Please enter elements: "<<endl;
	for(i;i<size;i++)
	{
		cout<<"# "<<i+1<<": ";
		if(cin>>arr[i])
		    continue;
		else
		    break;
	}
	return i;
}

void Show_array(const double* arr,int count)
{
	cout<<"\nHere are the elements!\n";
	for(int i=0;i<count;i++)
        cout<<"arr["<<i<<"]= "<<arr[i]<<endl;
	
}

void Reverse_array(double* arr,int count)
{
	double arr2;
	for(int i=1;i<count/2;i++)
	{
		arr2=arr[i];
		arr[i]=arr[count-i-1];
		arr[count-i-1]=arr2;
	}
}

第七题

// arrfun3.cpp -- array functions and const
#include <iostream>
const int Max = 5;

// function prototypes
double* fill_array(double ar[], int limit);
void show_array(const double*, const double*);  // don't change data
void revalue(double r, double*, double*);

int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    double properties[Max];

    double* end = fill_array(properties, Max);
    show_array(properties, end);
    if ((end-properties) > 0)
    {
        cout << "Enter revaluation factor: ";
        double factor;
        while (!(cin >> factor))    // bad input
        {
            cin.clear();
            while (cin.get() != '\n')
                continue;
           cout << "Bad input; Please enter a number: ";
        }
        revalue(factor, properties, end);
        show_array(properties, end);
    }
    cout << "Done.\n";
    // cin.get();
    // cin.get();
    return 0;//dd
}

double* fill_array(double ar[], int limit)
{
    using namespace std;
    double temp;
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < limit; i++)
    {
        cout << "Enter value #" << (i + 1) << ": ";
        cin >> temp;
        if (!cin)    // bad input
        {
            cin.clear();
            while (cin.get() != '\n')
                continue;
           cout << "Bad input; input process terminated.\n";
           break;
        }
        else if (temp < 0)     // signal to terminate
            break;
        ar[i] = temp;
    }
    return &ar[i];
}

// the following function can use, but not alter,
// the array whose address is ar
void show_array(const double ar[], const double end[])
{
    using namespace std;
    const double* pt;
    int i=0;
    for (pt=ar,i; pt!=end; pt++,i++)
    {
    	
        cout << "Property #" << (i+1) << ": $";
        cout << *pt << endl;
        
    }
}

// multiplies each element of ar[] by r
void revalue(double r, double ar[], double end[])
{
    for (double* pt=ar; pt !=end; pt++)
        *pt *= r;
}

第八题

a

//adapt the 7.15 arrobj.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
const int Seasons=4;
const char* Snames[Seasons]={"Spring","Summer","Fall","Winter"};
void Fill(double*);
void Show(double*);

int main()
{
	double expenses[Seasons];
	Fill(expenses);
	Show(expenses);
	
	return 0;//dd
}

void Fill(double ar[])
{
	for(int i=0;i<Seasons;i++)
	{
		cout<<"Enter "<<Snames[i]<<" expenses: ";
		cin>>ar[i];
	}
    
}

void Show(double arr[])
{
	double total=0.0;
	cout<<"\nEXPENSES\n";
	for(int i=0;i<Seasons;i++)
	{
		cout<<Snames[i]<<": $"<<arr[i]<<endl;
		total+=arr[i];
	}
	cout<<"Total Expenses: $"<<total<<endl;
}

第八题

b

//adapt the 7.15 arrobj.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
const int Seasons=4;
const char* Snames[Seasons]={"Spring","Summer","Fall","Winter"};
struct Expense
{
	double expenses[Seasons];
};

void Fill(Expense*);
void Show(Expense*);

int main()
{
	Expense expenses;
	Fill(&expenses);
	Show(&expenses);
	
	return 0;//dd
}

void Fill(Expense* ar)
{
	for(int i=0;i<Seasons;i++)
	{
		cout<<"Enter "<<Snames[i]<<" expenses: ";
		cin>>ar->expenses[i];
	}
    
}

void Show(Expense* arr)
{
	double total=0.0;
	cout<<"\nEXPENSES\n";
	for(int i=0;i<Seasons;i++)
	{
		cout<<Snames[i]<<": $"<<arr->expenses[i]<<endl;
		total+=arr->expenses[i];
	}
	cout<<"Total Expenses: $"<<total<<endl;
}