本文使用Java编写了朴素贝叶斯算法,用于实现周志华《机器学习》中的好瓜坏瓜分类问题。
首先,我们需要定义一个数据集类,用于存储好瓜坏瓜数据集:
```java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class DataSet {
private List<Instance> instances;
public DataSet() {
instances = new ArrayList<>();
}
public void add(Instance instance) {
instances.add(instance);
}
public List<Instance> getInstances() {
return instances;
}
}
```
接下来,我们需要定义一个实例类,用于存储每个样本的属性和标签:
```java
public class Instance {
private String label;
private List<String> attributes;
public Instance(String label, List<String> attributes) {
this.label = label;
this.attributes = attributes;
}
public String getLabel() {
return label;
}
public List<String> getAttributes() {
return attributes;
}
}
```
在实现朴素贝叶斯算法之前,我们需要定义一些辅助函数。首先是计算概率的函数:
```java
public static double calculateProbability(List<String> attributes, String label, DataSet dataSet) {
int countLabel = 0;
int countAttributes = 0;
for (Instance instance : dataSet.getInstances()) {
if (instance.getLabel().equals(label)) {
countLabel++;
for (String attribute : attributes) {
if (instance.getAttributes().contains(attribute)) {
countAttributes++;
}
}
}
}
double probabilityLabel = (double) countLabel / dataSet.getInstances().size();
double probabilityAttributes = (double) (countAttributes + 1) / (countLabel + 2);
return probabilityAttributes * probabilityLabel;
}
```
该函数用于计算给定一组属性和标签的条件概率。
接下来是分类函数:
```java
public static String classify(List<String> attributes, DataSet dataSet) {
double maxProbability = Double.MIN_VALUE;
String maxLabel = "";
for (String label : getLabels(dataSet)) {
double probability = calculateProbability(attributes, label, dataSet);
if (probability > maxProbability) {
maxProbability = probability;
maxLabel = label;
}
}
return maxLabel;
}
```
该函数用于给定一组属性,返回该样本最有可能属于哪个类别。
最后是获取标签列表的函数:
```java
public static List<String> getLabels(DataSet dataSet) {
List<String> labels = new ArrayList<>();
for (Instance instance : dataSet.getInstances()) {
if (!labels.contains(instance.getLabel())) {
labels.add(instance.getLabel());
}
}
return labels;
}
```
现在我们可以使用这些函数来实现朴素贝叶斯算法:
```java
public static void main(String[] args) {
DataSet dataSet = new DataSet();
dataSet.add(new Instance("好瓜", Arrays.asList("青绿", "蜷缩", "浊响", "清晰", "凹陷", "硬滑")));
dataSet.add(new Instance("好瓜", Arrays.asList("乌黑", "蜷缩", "沉闷", "清晰", "凹陷", "硬滑")));
dataSet.add(new Instance("好瓜", Arrays.asList("乌黑", "蜷缩", "浊响", "清晰", "凹陷", "硬滑")));
dataSet.add(new Instance("坏瓜", Arrays.asList("青绿", "稍蜷", "浊响", "清晰", "凹陷", "硬滑")));
dataSet.add(new Instance("坏瓜", Arrays.asList("乌黑", "稍蜷", "浊响", "稍糊", "凹陷", "硬滑")));
dataSet.add(new Instance("坏瓜", Arrays.asList("乌黑", "稍蜷", "浊响", "稍糊", "凹陷", "软粘")));
List<String> attributes = Arrays.asList("青绿", "稍蜷", "浊响", "清晰", "凹陷", "硬滑");
String label = classify(attributes, dataSet);
System.out.println("该样本属于:" + label);
}
```
在这个例子中,我们使用周志华《机器学习》中的好瓜坏瓜数据集进行测试。我们将一个样本的属性设置为:"青绿", "稍蜷", "浊响", "清晰", "凹陷", "硬滑",然后使用朴素贝叶斯算法进行分类。最终输出结果为该样本属于"坏瓜"类别。