OSPF LSA 序列号范围 0x80000001-0x7FFFFFFF 释疑正本清源

注：机翻，未校对。

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正本：RFC 2328 OSPF Version 2 中相关解释

April 1998

12.1.6. LS sequence number

12.1.6. 序列号

The sequence number field is a signed 32-bit integer. It is used to detect old and duplicate LSAs. The space of sequence numbers is linearly ordered. The larger the sequence number (when compared as signed 32-bit integers) the more recent the LSA. To describe to sequence number space more precisely, let N refer in the discussion below to the constant 2**31.

序列号字段是有符号 32 位整数。它用于检测旧的和重复的 LSA。序列号的空间是线性有序的。序列号越大（与有符号 32 位整数相比），LSA 越近。为了更精确地描述序列号空间，让 N 在下面的讨论中参考常数 $2^{31}$。

The sequence number -N (0x80000000) is reserved (and unused). This leaves -N + 1 (0x80000001) as the smallest (and therefore oldest) sequence number; this sequence number is referred to as the constant InitialSequenceNumber. A router uses InitialSequenceNumber the first time it originates any LSA. Afterwards, the LSA’s sequence number is incremented each time the router originates a new instance of the LSA. When an attempt is made to increment the sequence number past the maximum value of N - 1 (0x7fffffff; also referred to as MaxSequenceNumber), the current instance of the LSA must first be flushed from the routing domain. This is done by prematurely aging the LSA (see Section 14.1) and reflooding it. As soon as this flood has been acknowledged by all adjacent neighbors, a new instance can be originated with sequence number of InitialSequenceNumber.

序列号 - N（0x8000000）为保留（未使用）。这使得 $-N+1$（0x8000001）成为最小的（因此也是最早的）序列号；此序列号称为常量 InitialSequenceNumber。路由器在第一次发起任何 LSA 时使用 InitialSequenceNumber。之后，每次路由器启动 LSA 的新实例时，LSA 的序列号都会增加。当试图将序列号增加到超过最大值 $N-1$（0x7fffffff；也称为 MaxSequenceNumber）时，必须首先从路由域刷新 LSA 的当前实例。这是通过提前老化 LSA（见第 14.1 节）并对其进行再泛洪来实现的。一旦所有相邻邻居都确认了该泛洪，就可以使用 InitialSequenceNumber 的序列号创建一个新实例。

The router may be forced to promote the sequence number of one of its LSAs when a more recent instance of the LSA is unexpectedly received during the flooding process. This should be a rare event. This may indicate that an out-of-date LSA, originated by the router itself before its last restart/reload, still exists in the Autonomous System. For more information see Section 13.4.

路由器可能会被迫提升其某个 LSA 的序列号，当在泛洪过程中意外接收到 LSA 的较新实例时。这应该是一个罕见的事件。这可能表明，在路由器最后一次重启 / 重新加载之前，由该路由器自己发起的过时 LSA 仍然存在于自治系统中。有关更多信息，请参见第 13.4 节。

InitialSequenceNumber The value used for LS Sequence Number when originating the first instance of any LSA. Its value is the signed 32-bit integer 0x80000001.

InitialSequenceNumber 在初始化任何 LSA 的第一个实例时用于 LS 序列号的值。其值为有符号 32 位整数 0x8000001。

13.4. Receiving self-originated LSAs

13.4. 接收自源 LSA

It is a common occurrence for a router to receive self-originated LSAs via the flooding procedure. A self-originated LSA is detected when either 1) the LSA’s Advertising Router is equal to the router’s own Router ID or 2) the LSA is a network-LSA and its Link State ID is equal to one of the router’s own IP interface addresses.

路由器通常通过泛洪过程接收自创 LSA。当 1）LSA 的广告路由器等于路由器自己的路由器 ID 或 2）LSA 是网络 LSA 且其链路状态 ID 等于路由器自己的 IP 接口地址之一时，检测到自创 LSA。

However, if the received self-originated LSA is newer than the last instance that the router actually originated, the router must take special action. The reception of such an LSA indicates that there are LSAs in the routing domain that were originated by the router before the last time it was restarted. In most cases, the router must then advance the LSA’s LS sequence number one past the received LS sequence number, and originate a new instance of the LSA.

但是，如果收到的自发端 LSA 比路由器实际发端的最后一个实例要新，路由器必须采取特殊措施。接收到这样的 LSA 表示路由域中存在在路由器上次重新启动之前由路由器发起的 LSA。在大多数情况下，路由器必须将 LSA 的 LS 序列号提前 1，超过接收到的 LS 序列号，并发起 LSA 的新实例。

It may be the case the router no longer wishes to originate the received LSA. Possible examples include: 1) the LSA is a summary-LSA or AS-external-LSA and the router no longer has an (advertisable) route to the destination, 2) the LSA is a network-LSA but the router is no longer Designated Router for the network or 3) the LSA is a network-LSA whose Link State ID is one of the router’s own IP interface addresses but whose Advertising Router is not equal to the router’s own Router ID (this latter case should be rare, and it indicates that the router’s Router ID has changed since originating the LSA). In all these cases, instead of updating the LSA, the LSA should be flushed from the routing domain by incrementing the received LSA’s LS age to MaxAge and reflooding (see Section 14.1).</