在 Linux 上安装 Microsoft TrueType 字体：ttf-mscorefonts-installer 指南

注：本文为 “在 Linux 上安装 Microsoft TrueType 字体” 相关文章合辑。

机翻，未校。

未整理去重。

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Installing Microsoft TrueType Fonts on Linux: A Complete Guide to ttf-mscorefonts-installer

November 2, 2023

Have you ever carefully crafted a beautiful resume in LibreOffice using the Trebuchet MS font, only to open it later on a friend‘s computer and find your fonts mysteriously replaced with Times New Roman? Or maybe you‘ve spent hours finessing a flyer with perfectly kerned Arial text, which suddenly looks misaligned and cramped on print?

你有没有在 LibreOffice 中使用 Trebuchet MS 字体精心制作了一份漂亮的简历，但后来在朋友的电脑上打开它，发现你的字体神秘地被 Times New Roman 取代了？或者，也许您花了数小时用完美的字偶间距调整 Arial 文本来制作传单，这些文本在印刷品上突然看起来错位和局促？

If you‘ve encountered these frustrations, it likely means you were missing Microsoft‘s proprietary TrueType fonts on your Linux system. Read on as we dive into what ttf-mscorefonts-installer is, why Microsoft fonts matter, how to install them on your Linux distro, and more.

如果您遇到这些挫折，这可能意味着您的 Linux 系统上缺少 Microsoft 专有的 TrueType 字体。请继续阅读，我们将深入了解什么是 ttf-mscorefonts-installer、为什么 Microsoft 字体很重要、如何在 Linux 发行版上安装它们等等。

A Brief History of TrueType Fonts

TrueType 字体简史

To understand the importance of Microsoft fonts on Linux, we need to step back a few decades. In the late 1980s, Apple developed the TrueType font standard which used quadratic Bézier curves to scale letter shapes smoothly to any size. This made TrueType fonts crisp and legible at both small and large font sizes.

要了解 Microsoft 字体在 Linux 上的重要性，我们需要倒退几十年。在 1980 年代后期，Apple 开发了 TrueType 字体标准，该标准使用二次贝塞尔曲线将字母形状平滑缩放到任何大小。这使得 TrueType 字体在小字体和大字体下都清晰易读。

Apple initially kept TrueType proprietary to their operating systems. But in 1989, they licensed the technology to Microsoft for use in Windows. Microsoft went on to create their core TrueType fonts like Arial, Times New Roman, Courier New, Comic Sans, and others.

Apple 最初将 TrueType 保留为其操作系统的专有。但在 1989 年，他们将该技术授权给 Microsoft 在 Windows 中使用。Microsoft 继续创建他们的核心 TrueType 字体，如 Arial、Times New Roman、Courier New、Comic Sans 等。

By 1996, TrueType had emerged as the dominant font standard on the web and beyond. It was adopted by the W3C standards body and later integrated directly into the Unicode standard.

到 1996 年，TrueType 已成为 Web 及其他领域的主导字体标准。它被 W3C 标准机构采用，后来直接集成到 Unicode 标准中。

Today, over 76% of websites employ TrueType fonts for text display. And Microsoft‘s fonts remain some of the most popular, with Arial alone used on over 60 million websites worldwide.

今天，超过 76% 的网站使用 TrueType 字体进行文本显示。Microsoft 的字体仍然是最受欢迎的字体之一，仅 Arial 就被全球超过 6000 万个网站使用。

The Ubiquity of Microsoft Fonts

无处不在的 Microsoft 字体

Microsoft‘s TrueType fonts are everywhere you look. Arial appears on everything from government websites to street signage worldwide. Times New Roman is the default font in Microsoft Word, while Courier New is a staple of text editors and coding interfaces.

Microsoft 的 TrueType 字体无处不在。Arial 出现在从政府网站到全球路标的所有东西上。Times New Roman 是 Microsoft Word 中的默认字体，而 Courier New 是文本编辑器和编码界面的主要字体。

Over 90% of resumes and CVs use Times New Roman, Arial, or similar sans-serif Microsoft fonts according to HR surveys. Official state documents from India‘s government cite Arial as the required font. And Verdana was specially designed by Microsoft for easy on-screen reading.

根据人力资源调查，超过 90% 的简历和简历使用 Times New Roman、Arial 或类似的无衬线 Microsoft 字体。印度政府的官方国家文件将 Arial 列为必需的字体。Verdana 由 Microsoft 专门设计，便于屏幕阅读。

The widespread use of these proprietary fonts makes them crucial for faithful rendering of documents, websites, signage, and other materials originally designed using Microsoft software. Without them, Linux distorts and substitutes fonts in unpredictable ways.

这些专有字体的广泛使用使它们对于忠实呈现最初使用 Microsoft 软件设计的文档、网站、标牌和其他材料至关重要。没有它们，Linux 会以不可预测的方式扭曲和替换字体。

Microsoft Fonts and Licensing Challenges

Microsoft 字体和许可挑战

So why don‘t Linux distributions just bundle these essential Microsoft fonts? The primary reason is licensing.

那么，为什么 Linux 发行版不只捆绑这些基本的 Microsoft 字体呢？主要原因是许可。

Microsoft licenses their TrueType core fonts for free personal use, but with restrictions on modification, redistribution, and more. This prevents Linux distros from simply packaging them up and including them by default in the OS.

Microsoft 授权其 TrueType 核心字体供个人免费使用，但对修改、重新分发等有限制。这可以防止 Linux 发行版简单地将它们打包并默认包含在操作系统中。

Debian and Ubuntu have addressed this constraint by making Microsoft fonts optionally available as downloadable add-ons. This brings Microsoft font support to Linux, aligned with licensing terms.

Debian 和 Ubuntu 通过使 Microsoft 字体可选择作为可下载的附加组件提供来解决此限制。这为 Linux 带来了 Microsoft 字体支持，与许可条款保持一致。

Introducing ttf-mscorefonts-installer

ttf-mscorefonts-installer 简介

ttf-mscorefonts-installer is an open source Debian package that allows Linux users to easily download and install Microsoft‘s official TrueType fonts. The package debuted in 2008 in Debian 5 “Lenny”, and has been maintained ever since through community contributions.

ttf-mscorefonts-installer 是一个开源的 Debian 包，允许 Linux 用户轻松下载和安装 Microsoft 的官方 TrueType 字体。该软件包于 2008 年在 Debian 5 “Lenny” 中首次亮相，此后一直通过社区贡献进行维护。

ttf-mscorefonts-installer automatically handles grabbing the latest fonts from Microsoft‘s servers, installing them in the correct system directories, and updating font cache. This gives you seaml