基于形态学运算的腐蚀，膨胀，开运算，闭运算

#include<iostream>
#include<opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include<opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include<opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main(){

	Mat image = imread("binary.bmp");
	imshow("Image",image);

	腐蚀图像   默认3*3
	//Mat eroded;
	//erode(image,eroded,Mat());
	//imshow("Erode Image",eroded);

	膨胀图像
	//Mat dilated;
	//dilate(image, dilated, Mat());
	//imshow("Dilate Image",dilated);

	以7*7大小的数据结构进行腐蚀
	//Mat eroded2;
	//Mat element(7, 7, CV_8U, Scalar(1));
	//erode(image, eroded2, element);
	//imshow("element Image",eroded2);

		以7*7大小的数据结构进行腐蚀3次
	//Mat eroded3;
	//Mat element3(7, 7, CV_8U, Scalar(1));
	//erode(image,eroded3,element3,Point(-1,-1),3);
	//imshow("eroded3",eroded3);

	//对图片进行闭运算
	Mat element5(5, 5, CV_8U, Scalar(1));
	Mat closed;
	morphologyEx(image, closed, MORPH_CLOSE, element5);
	imshow("closed", closed);



	//对图片进行开运算
	Mat opened;
	morphologyEx(image,opened,MORPH_OPEN,element5);
	imshow("opened",opened);

	//相继进行开运算和闭运算
	Mat opencvandclose;
	morphologyEx(image, opened, MORPH_OPEN, element5);
	morphologyEx(opened, opencvandclose, MORPH_CLOSE, element5);
	imshow("opencvandclose", opencvandclose);

	//相继进行闭运算和开运算
	Mat closeandopen;
	morphologyEx(image, closed, MORPH_CLOSE, element5);
	morphologyEx(closed, closeandopen, MORPH_OPEN, element5);
	imshow("closeandopen", closeandopen);
	

	//腐蚀图像   默认3*3
	Mat eroded;
	erode(image, eroded, element5);
	imshow("Erode Image",eroded);

	//先腐蚀在膨胀
	Mat erodedanddilated;
	Mat erodedanddilated2;
	erode(image, erodedanddilated, element5);
	dilate(erodedanddilated, erodedanddilated2, element5);
	imshow("erodedanddilated", erodedanddilated2);


	//先膨胀再腐蚀
	Mat dilateanderode;
	Mat dilateanderode2;
	dilate(image, dilateanderode, element5);
	erode(dilateanderode, dilateanderode2,element5);
	imshow("dilateanderode", dilateanderode2);


	//膨胀图像
	Mat dilated;
	dilate(image, dilated, element5);
	imshow("Dilate Image",dilated);


	waitKey(0);

}

erode(InputArray src, OutputArray dst, InputArray kernel, Point anchor=Point(-1,-1),int iterations=1, int borderType=BORDER_CONSTANT, 

const Scalar& borderValue=morphologyDefaultBorderValue() )

iterations：腐蚀次数

我们的形态学滤波都作用在二值图像或者灰度图像上

闭运算：对图像进行先膨胀，再腐蚀

开运算：对图像先腐蚀，再膨胀