MIMO System
- System utilizing multiple transmit and multiple receive antennas are commonly knowns as Multiple Input Multiple Output(MIMO) Systems
- Performance improvements from multiple antennas at both transmitter and receiver
- Array Gain —> SNR improvement
- Diversity Gain —> fading mitigating
- Spatial Multiplexing Gain —> channel capacity
- Interference Reduction / Avoidance
Spatial Multiplexing
- In rich scattering environments, independent data signals transmitted from different antennas can be uniquely decoded to yield an increase in channel capacity
-
Capacity - now multipath is good
- Recall SISO capacity in one-path
- C=B*log_2(1+|h|^2 * SNR)
- Now, MIMO channel capacity for N transmit antennas
- C=B*log_2 det[I + (SNR/N) HH^H]
- C=N_ss*log_2 (1+SNR)
MIMO Channel Model
-
- y(n)=Hd(n)+w(n)
- where
- y(n): M x 1 received vector
- H: M x N channel Matrix with E{|H(k,l)|^2}=1
- d(n): N x 1 data vector with E{d(n)d(n)^H}=P***I_N***
- w(n): M x 1 noise vector with E{w(n)w(n)^H}= ρ^2 I_M
MIMO Receivers
- z = G^H * y = G^H * H * d + G^H * w
- MF(matched filter): G^H = H^H
- LS(Least Square) or ZF(zero-forcing): G^H=(H^H* H)^(-1)* H^H
- MMSE: G^H=(H^H * H+(1/Θ)I_N)^(-1) * H^H
= H^H(H H^H +(1/Θ) I _N)^(-1)
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