1.如果你期望将集中到某个类的单个实例中,可使用Singleton(单例)模式
2.写法:懒汉,饿汉,双重校验锁,枚举和静态内部类
3.举例:
//饿汉实现单例:不具有lazy loading效果,且线程安全
public class Singleton {
private static Singleton instance = new Singleton();
private Singleton (){}
public static Singleton getInstance() {
return instance;
}
}
//静态内部类实现单例:具有lazy loading效果,且线程安全
public class LazyLoadingSingleton {
private static class SingletonHolder {
private static final LazyLoadingSingleton INSTANCE = new LazyLoadingSingleton();
}
private LazyLoadingSingleton (){}
public static final LazyLoadingSingleton getInstance() {
return SingletonHolder.INSTANCE;
}
}
//测试类
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args){
Singleton singleton0 = Singleton.getInstance();
Singleton singleton1 = Singleton.getInstance();
LazyLoadingSingleton LazyLoadingSingleton0 = LazyLoadingSingleton.getInstance();
LazyLoadingSingleton LazyLoadingSingleton1 = LazyLoadingSingleton.getInstance();
if(singleton0==singleton1){
System.out.println("singleton为单例");
}
if(LazyLoadingSingleton0==LazyLoadingSingleton0){
System.out.println("LazyLoadingSingleton为单例");
}
}
}
4.总结:
4.1一般情况下采用饿汉实现单例
4.2明确实现lazy loading效果时采用静态内部类实现单例
4.3涉及到反序列化创建对象时我会试着使用枚举的方式来实现单例
4.4最好保证线程安全,且声明无参数构造函数为私有
5.参考:http://www.blogjava.net/kenzhh/archive/2013/03/15/357824.html