C++ STL标准库：算法＜algorithm＞ 替换 replace() 条件替换replace_if()

std::replace

简介：
replace() 算法会用新的值来替换和给定值相匹配的元素。

函数原型

template <class ForwardIterator, class T>
void replace (ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last,
                const T& old_value, const T& new_value);

官方手册
http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/algorithm/replace/

---

std::replace_if

简介：
将满足条件的值替换为新值。

函数原型

template <class ForwardIterator, class UnaryPredicate, class T>
void replace_if (ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last,
                   UnaryPredicate pred, const T& new_value );

官方手册
http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/algorithm/replace_if/

---

使用示例：

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>

using namespace std;

void main()
{
	vector<int> v1;
	int dim[] = { 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 };

	cout << "【原始v1】" << endl;
	v1.assign(dim, dim + 9);
	copy(v1.begin(), v1.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, ", "));
	cout << endl;

	cout << "【将第7个数替换为99】" << endl;
	replace(v1.begin(), v1.end(), 7, 99);
	copy(v1.begin(), v1.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, ", "));
	cout << endl;

	cout << "【将小于6的数替换为11】" << endl;
	replace_if(v1.begin(), v1.end(), bind2nd(less<int>(), 6), 11);
	copy(v1.begin(), v1.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, ", "));
	cout << endl;
}