3.6WorldWind利用opengl绘制地球模型

对模型进行绘制核心还是进行坐标变换，将模型坐标最终变换为屏幕像素坐标，而变换主要有三种模式，模型视图变换，投影变换和纹理变换！

模型视图变换细分为模型变换和视图变换，模型变换方法就是设置平移，旋转，缩放矩阵，视图变换可以通过方法gluLookAt来设置相机的方位，从而得到视图变换矩阵用于视图变换，当然本质上是得到了视图变换矩阵，内部也是利用参数计算出了矩阵左乘当前矩阵模式的变换矩阵，所以，worldwind直接计算出视图变化矩阵ModeViewMatrix，利用glLoadMatrix设置为变换矩阵后进行模型视图变换。

投影变换可以通过gluPerspective来设置用于透视投影的视景体的大小和形状，本质上当然也是设置了ProjectionMatrix，所以，worldwind也直接根据相关参数计算出了投影矩阵，通过glLoadMatrix设置为投影变换矩阵进行投影变换！

//BasicOrbitView
protected void doApply(DrawContext dc)
    {
        if (dc == null)
        {
            String message = Logging.getMessage("nullValue.DrawContextIsNull");
            Logging.logger().severe(message);
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(message);
        }
        if (dc.getGL() == null)
        {
            String message = Logging.getMessage("nullValue.DrawingContextGLIsNull");
            Logging.logger().severe(message);
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(message);
        }
        if (dc.getGlobe() == null)
        {
            String message = Logging.getMessage("nullValue.DrawingContextGlobeIsNull");
            Logging.logger().severe(message);
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(message);
        }

        // Update the draw context and the globe, then re-apply the current view property limits. Apply view property
        // limits after updating the globe so that globe-specific property limits are applied correctly.
        this.dc = dc;
        this.globe = this.dc.getGlobe();
        this.center = this.getOrbitViewLimits().limitCenterPosition(this, this.center);
        this.heading = this.getOrbitViewLimits().limitHeading(this, this.heading);
        this.pitch = this.getOrbitViewLimits().limitPitch(this, this.pitch);
        this.roll = this.getOrbitViewLimits().limitRoll(this, this.roll);
        this.zoom = this.getOrbitViewLimits().limitZoom(this, this.zoom);

        //========== modelview matrix state ==========//
        // Compute the current modelview matrix.
        this.modelview = OrbitViewInputSupport.computeTransformMatrix(this.globe, this.center,
            this.heading, this.pitch, this.roll, this.zoom);
        if (this.modelview == null)
            this.modelview = Matrix.IDENTITY;
        // Compute the current inverse-modelview matrix.
        this.modelviewInv = this.modelview.getInverse();
        if (this.modelviewInv == null)
            this.modelviewInv = Matrix.IDENTITY;

        //========== projection matrix state ==========//
        // Get the current OpenGL viewport state.
        int[] viewportArray = new int[4];
        this.dc.getGL().glGetIntegerv(GL.GL_VIEWPORT, viewportArray, 0);
        this.viewport = new java.awt.Rectangle(viewportArray[0], viewportArray[1], viewportArray[2], viewportArray[3]);
        // Compute the current clip plane distances. The near distance depends on the far distance, so we must compute
        // the far distance first.
        this.farClipDistance = computeFarClipDistance();
        this.nearClipDistance = computeNearClipDistance();
        // Compute the current viewport dimensions.
        double viewportWidth = this.viewport.getWidth() <= 0.0 ? 1.0 : this.viewport.getWidth();
        double viewportHeight = this.viewport.getHeight() <= 0.0 ? 1.0 : this.viewport.getHeight();
        // Compute the current projection matrix.
        this.projection = Matrix.fromPerspective(this.fieldOfView,
            viewportWidth, viewportHeight,
            this.nearClipDistance, this.farClipDistance);
        // Compute the current frustum.
        this.frustum = Frustum.fromPerspective(this.fieldOfView,
            (int) viewportWidth, (int) viewportHeight,
            this.nearClipDistance, this.farClipDistance);

        //========== load GL matrix state ==========//
        loadGLViewState(dc, this.modelview, this.projection);

        //========== after apply (GL matrix state) ==========//
        afterDoApply();
    }

这里有一个问题，在一个场景中绘制多个图形，相机的状态是否共享，唯一，还是在绘制每个图形时都可以独立设置？

简单的测试证明是唯一的，也就是在一个场景下的所有图形都是一个观察点观察的效果！

这一点是如何做到的呢？绘制图形时的状态不是可以改变吗？难道说投影矩阵是唯一的吗？

import javax.swing.JFrame;

import com.jogamp.opengl.GL2;
import com.jogamp.opengl.GLAutoDrawable;
import com.jogamp.opengl.GLCapabilities;
import com.jogamp.opengl.GLEventListener;
import com.jogamp.opengl.GLProfile;
import com.jogamp.opengl.awt.GLCanvas;
import com.jogamp.opengl.glu.GLU;
import com.jogamp.opengl.util.FPSAnimator;

public class TestDiffStat implements GLEventListener {

	   GLU glu= new GLU();
	   private float rtri;  //for angle of rotation
	   @Override
	   public void display( GLAutoDrawable drawable ) {
		   //drawtriangle(drawable);
		   drawRectangle(drawable);
	   }
	   @Override
	   public void dispose( GLAutoDrawable drawable ) {
	      //method body
	   }
	   @Override
	   public void init( GLAutoDrawable drawable ) {
	      // method body
		   
	   }
	   @Override
	   public void reshape( GLAutoDrawable drawable, int x, int y, int width, int height ) {
	      // method body
		   GL2 gl = drawable.getGL().getGL2();
		   gl.glMatrixMode(GL2.GL_PROJECTION);
		   gl.glLoadIdentity();
		   glu.gluPerspective(45.0, width/ height, 1.0, 20.0);
	   }
	   public void drawtriangle(GLAutoDrawable drawable){
	          glu.gluLookAt(0, 0, 5, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0);
	   	
		      GL2 gl = drawable.getGL().getGL2();
		      gl.glMatrixMode(GL2.GL_MODELVIEW);
		      gl.glPushMatrix();
		   /*   double[] params= new double[16];
		      gl.glGetDoublev(GL2.GL_CURRENT_MATRIX_ARB, params, 0);
		      for(int i =0;i<16;i++){
		      System.out.print(params[i]+",");
		      }*/
		      gl.glClear (GL2.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL2.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT );     
		      // Clear The Screen And The Depth Buffer
		      gl.glLoadIdentity();   
		      // Reset The View
		    //  gl.glRotatef( rtri, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f );//triangle rotation
		      gl.glBegin( GL2.GL_TRIANGLES );         // Drawing Using Triangles
		      gl.glColor3f( 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f ); //Red
		      gl.glVertex3f( 0.5f,0.5f,0.0f ); // Top
		      gl.glColor3f( 0.0f,1.0f,0.0f ); //blue
		      gl.glVertex3f( -0.5f,0.5f,0.0f );              // Bottom Left
		      gl.glColor3f( 0.0f,0.0f,1.0f ); //green
		      gl.glVertex3f( 0f,-0.5f,0.0f );              // Bottom Right
		      gl.glEnd();   
		      gl.glFlush();
		      rtri +=0.2f;  //assigning the angle
		      gl.glPopMatrix();
	    }
	   
	   public void drawRectangle(GLAutoDrawable drawable){
	          glu.gluLookAt(0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0);
	   	
		      GL2 gl = drawable.getGL().getGL2();
		      gl.glMatrixMode(GL2.GL_MODELVIEW);
		      gl.glPushMatrix();
		   /*   double[] params= new double[16];
		      gl.glGetDoublev(GL2.GL_CURRENT_MATRIX_ARB, params, 0);
		      for(int i =0;i<16;i++){
		      System.out.print(params[i]+",");
		      }*/
		      gl.glClear (GL2.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL2.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT );     
		      // Clear The Screen And The Depth Buffer
		      gl.glLoadIdentity();   
		      // Reset The View
		    //  gl.glRotatef( rtri, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f );//triangle rotation
		      gl.glBegin( GL2.GL_TRIANGLES );         // Drawing Using Triangles
		      gl.glColor3f( 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f ); //Red
		      gl.glVertex3f( 0.5f,0.5f,0.0f ); // Top
		      gl.glColor3f( 0.0f,1.0f,0.0f ); //blue
		      gl.glVertex3f( -0.5f,0.5f,0.0f );              // Bottom Left
		      gl.glColor3f( 0.0f,0.0f,1.0f ); //green
		      gl.glVertex3f( 0f,-0.5f,0.0f );              // Bottom Right
		      gl.glEnd();   
		      gl.glFlush();
		      rtri +=0.2f;  //assigning the angle
		      gl.glPopMatrix();
	    }
	   public static void main( String[] args ) {
	      //getting the capabilities object of GL2 profile 
	      final GLProfile profile = GLProfile.get( GLProfile.GL2 );
	      GLCapabilities capabilities = new GLCapabilities( profile );
	      // The canvas 
	      final GLCanvas glcanvas = new GLCanvas( capabilities );
	      TestDiffStat testDiffStat = new TestDiffStat();
	      glcanvas.addGLEventListener( testDiffStat );
	      glcanvas.setSize( 400, 400 );
	      //creating frame
	      final JFrame frame = new JFrame ( "Test LookAt" );
	      //adding canvas to it
	      frame.getContentPane().add( glcanvas );
	      frame.setSize( frame.getContentPane().getPreferredSize() );
	      frame.setVisible( true );
	      //Instantiating and Initiating Animator
	      final FPSAnimator animator = new FPSAnimator( glcanvas, 300,true );
	      //animator.start();
	   }//end of main
}