如何修改device tree

linux Kernel 4.x的driver，增加了一层device tree，是对driver的配置机制。

这样的机制有几个好处：

1.用了哪些驱动，配置参数是什么，有个大纲，看起来一目了然。改起来也方便，改了也不容易出现端口冲突。

2.这样的机制下，同样接口/协议的硬件设备driver，在device tree中的配置非常类似。这样板子改了元器件，需要用不同的driver时，现在修改几行配置生成新的dts, 替换uboot中的dts, 1分钟后板子就能用了。不像以前还要改makefile，编译，重新烧写，很麻烦。

总而言之，对于kernel里已经有的driver,通过配置device tree来做bring up速度极快。

例子基于PWM驱动的风扇

如何知道 device tree node 怎么写

node 和 driver 是什么关系

cat ./Documentation/hwmon/pwm-fan Kernel driver pwm-fan =====================   This driver enables the use of a PWM module to drive a fan. It uses the generic PWM interface thus it is hardware independent. It can be used on many SoCs, as long as the SoC supplies a PWM line driver that exposes the generic PWM API.   Author: Kamil Debski <k.debski@samsung.com>   Description -----------   The driver implements a simple interface for driving a fan connected to a PWM output. It uses the generic PWM interface, thus it can be used with a range of SoCs. The driver exposes the fan to the user space through the hwmon's sysfs interface.   cat ./Documentation/devicetree/bindings/hwmon/pwm-fan.txt Bindings for a fan connected to the PWM lines   Required properties: - compatible     : "pwm-fan" - pwms           : the PWM that is used to control the PWM fan   Example:        pwm-fan {                  compatible = " pwm-fan ";                  status = "okay";                  pwms = <& pwm 0 10000 0>;        };

emacs drivers/hwmon/pwm-fan.c   static SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS( pwm_fan_pm , pwm_fan_suspend, pwm_fan_resume);   static const struct of_device_id of_pwm_fan_match [] = {        { .compatible = " pwm-fan ", },        {}, };   static struct platform_driver pwm_fan_driver = {        .probe         = pwm_fan_probe,        .remove         = pwm_fan_remove,        .driver = {                .name           = "pwm-fan",                .pm             = & pwm_fan_pm ,               .of_match_table = of_pwm_fan_match ,        }, };   module_platform_driver(pwm_fan_driver);   MODULE_AUTHOR("Kamil Debski <k.debski@samsung.com>"); MODULE_ALIAS("platform:pwm-fan"); MODULE_DESCRIPTION("PWM FAN driver");

 

Node 在 device tree 中的上下文

imx6ul-14x14-evk.dts

imx6ul.dtsi

pwm-fan {                compatible = " pwm-fan ";                pwms = <& pwm2 0 10000 0>;                status = "okay";        };   & pwm2 { /*use & to override* /        pinctrl-names = "default";        pinctrl-0 = <& pinctrl_pwm2 >;        status = "okay"; };                  pinctrl_pwm2 : pwm2grp {                        fsl,pins = <                                  MX6UL_PAD_GPIO1_IO09__PWM2_OUT     0x110b0                        >;               };

pwm2 : pwm@02084000 {                                compatible = "fsl,imx6ul-pwm", "fsl,imx27-pwm";                                 reg = <0x02084000 0x4000>;                                interrupts = <GIC_SPI 84 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;                                clocks = <&clks IMX6UL_CLK_PWM2>,                                            <&clks IMX6UL_CLK_PWM2>;                                clock-names = "ipg", "per";                                #pwm-cells = <2>;                        };

 

PWM 的 pin 脚 MX6UL_PAD_GPIO1_IO09__PWM2_OUT   在 Datasheet 中的查找步骤略。

Menuconfig->device drivers->hardware monitoring support->pwm fan->enable

然后编译，烧写。

启动设备后可以通过下面方式操作，控制风扇转速

root@imx6ulevk:/sys/class/hwmon/hwmon0# ls device   name of_node power   pwm1 subsystem uevent root@imx6ulevk:/sys/class/hwmon/hwmon0# cat name pwmfan root@imx6ulevk:/sys/class/hwmon/hwmon0# cat pwm1 255 root@imx6ulevk:/sys/class/hwmon/hwmon0# echo 128 > pwm1 root@imx6ulevk:/sys/class/hwmon/hwmon0# echo 200 > pwm1

 

至此，没有修改kernel代码，仅仅通过修改devicetree和menuconfig，即实现了对风扇的控制