出于个人兴趣学习一下opencv（一）

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-20 11:09:47 发布

Cuphrody

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-20 11:09:47 发布

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分类专栏：图形图像文章标签： opencv 图像处理

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由于lab的情况略让人头痛，以及偶然，我决定学习一下opencv，一方面作为动手练习，一方面了解下图形图像处理方面的知识。

安装什么的就不写了网上太多这里环境是vs2010+opencv2.47 语言使用C++

结构：

opencv主要由以下几个模块构成：cxcore, cv, ml(machine learning), highgui, cvaux

cxcore.h 文件中包含的主要内容是一些基础的类定义，比如CvPoint, CvSize, cvCreateImage, cvCreateMat等。

cv.h文件主要是用作基础的图像处理用，还有运动分析，目标跟踪，模式识别，三维重建等这个文件比较重要。

ml.h 包含的是机器学习里面的一些算法实现

highgui.h 主要是做界面，读写视频用

cvaux.h 里面是一些要被淘汰的算法

我们主要用到前四个文件

第一个程序：以原始比例显示一张图片

#include <iostream>
#include <opencv\cv.h>
#include <opencv\cxcore.h>
#include <opencv\highgui.h>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	const char* imagename = "test.jpg";  
	Mat img = imread(imagename); 
	namedWindow("image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);   
	imshow("image", img); 
	waitKey();  
	return 0;
}

读取图片的函数imread定义在highgui.h中 CV_EXPORTS_W Mat imread( const string& filename, int flags=1 );

flag = 0 表示以灰度图像显示 flag > 0 表示3通道彩色图像 flag < 0 表示原始图像

具体参见http://docs.opencv.org/modules/highgui/doc/reading_and_writing_images_and_video.html?highlight=imread#Mat imread(const string& filename, int flags)

Parameters:

Parameters:	filename – Name of file to be loaded. flags – Flags specifying the color type of a loaded image: CV_LOAD_IMAGE_ANYDEPTH - If set, return 16-bit/32-bit image when the input has the corresponding depth, otherwise convert it to 8-bit. CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR - If set, always convert image to the color one CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE - If set, always convert image to the grayscale one >0 Return a 3-channel color image. Note In the current implementation the alpha channel, if any, is stripped from the output image. Use negative value if you need the alpha channel. =0 Return a grayscale image. <0 Return the loaded image as is (with alpha channel).

filename – Name of file to be loaded.
flags –
Flags specifying the color type of a loaded image:
- CV_LOAD_IMAGE_ANYDEPTH - If set, return 16-bit/32-bit image when the input has the corresponding depth, otherwise convert it to 8-bit.
- CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR - If set, always convert image to the color one
- CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE - If set, always convert image to the grayscale one
- >0 Return a 3-channel color image.
  
  Note
  
  In the current implementation the alpha channel, if any, is stripped from the output image. Use negative value if you need the alpha channel.
- =0 Return a grayscale image.
- <0 Return the loaded image as is (with alpha channel).

The function imread loads an image from the specified file and returns it. If the image cannot be read (because of missing file, improper permissions, unsupported or invalid format), the function returns an empty matrix ( Mat::data==NULL ). Currently, the following file formats are supported:

Windows bitmaps - *.bmp, *.dib (always supported)
JPEG files - *.jpeg, *.jpg, *.jpe (see the Notes section)
JPEG 2000 files - *.jp2 (see the Notes section)
Portable Network Graphics - *.png (see the Notes section)
Portable image format - *.pbm, *.pgm, *.ppm (always supported)
Sun rasters - *.sr, *.ras (always supported)
TIFF files - *.tiff, *.tif (see the Notes section)