基于LL库开发L0系列芯片的低功耗应用

预备

• stm32L0系列的低功耗有Low-power run，Sleep，Low-power sleep， Stop， Standby等5种模式， 其中standby模式最省电， 但是注意该模式会使芯片掉内存的数据， 而stop模式，只是将CPU，时钟等停止（不包括LSE，LSI时钟）， ram的数据依然能被保存。
• 低功耗模式中除了低功耗运行模式之外 Low-power modes (except for Low-power run mode) 都通过执行WFI(Wait For Interrupt)或者 WFE (Wait for Event)指令来进入低功耗模式， 该指令会停止mcu核心来节省电量， 然后等待唤醒中断或者事件。
• 芯片进入低功耗模式之后， 就只能通过串口来烧写程序了， SWD调试也被关闭了。
• 将所有引脚配置为 LL_GPIO_MODE_ANALOG模式， 可以避免引脚开启施密特触发器以及上拉，下拉带来的电量损耗，但是注意该配置会将引脚功能重映射， 使得SWD调试无法进行，此时 只能通过串口进行代码调试。
• 芯片初步启动的时候由MSI的时钟来执行跳转配置时钟等程序，时钟配置之后才切换生效。

代码

• 其实没什么难度， 直接查看配置代码吧。
• 配置引脚为anglog模式：

void ReduceIOPowerConsumption(void){
	
 LL_GPIO_InitTypeDef gpio_initstruct = {LL_GPIO_PIN_ALL, LL_GPIO_MODE_ANALOG, 
                                         LL_GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH, LL_GPIO_OUTPUT_PUSHPULL, 
                                         LL_GPIO_PULL_NO, LL_GPIO_AF_0};

  /* Set all GPIO in analog state to reduce power consumption,                */
  /* Note: Debug using ST-Link is not possible during the execution of this   */
  /*       example because communication between ST-link and the device       */
  /*       under test is done through UART. All GPIO pins are disabled (set   */
  /*       to analog input mode) including  UART I/O pins.                    */
  LL_IOP_GRP1_EnableClock(LL_IOP_GRP1_PERIPH_GPIOA |
                           LL_IOP_GRP1_PERIPH_GPIOB |
                           LL_IOP_GRP1_PERIPH_GPIOC);

  LL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &gpio_initstruct);
  LL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &gpio_initstruct);
  LL_GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &gpio_initstruct);


  LL_IOP_GRP1_DisableClock(LL_IOP_GRP1_PERIPH_GPIOA |
                           LL_IOP_GRP1_PERIPH_GPIOB |
                           LL_IOP_GRP1_PERIPH_GPIOC );
}

• 进入停止模式：

**
  * @brief  Function to configure and enter in STOP Mode.
  * @param  None
  * @retval None
  */
void EnterSTOPMode(void)
{ 
	//ReduceIOPowerConsumption();
  /** Request to enter STOP mode
    * Following procedure describe in STM32L0xx Reference Manual
    * See PWR part, section Low-power modes, STOP mode
    */
  /* Enable ultra low power mode */
  LL_PWR_EnableUltraLowPower();

  /** Set the regulator to low power before setting MODE_STOP.   
    * If the regulator remains in "main mode",   
    * it consumes more power without providing any additional feature. */    
  LL_PWR_SetRegulModeLP(LL_PWR_REGU_LPMODES_LOW_POWER);

  /* Set STOP mode when CPU enters deepsleep */
  LL_PWR_SetPowerMode(LL_PWR_MODE_STOP);

  /* Set SLEEPDEEP bit of Cortex System Control Register */
  LL_LPM_EnableDeepSleep();  

  /* Request Wait For Interrupt */
  __WFI();
}

• 配置RTC中断唤醒：

/**
  * @brief  Configure RTC
  * @param  void
  * @retval None
  */
void Configure_RTC(int wu_sec)
{
  /*##-1- Enables the PWR Clock and Enables access to the backup domain #######*/
  /* To change the source clock of the RTC feature (LSE, LSI), you have to:
     - Enable the power clock
     - Enable write access to configure the RTC clock source (to be done once after reset).
     - Reset the Back up Domain
     - Configure the needed RTC clock source */
  LL_PWR_EnableBkUpAccess();
  
  /*##-2- Configure LSE as RTC clock source ###############################*/
  /* Enable LSE only if disabled.*/
 if (LL_RCC_LSE_IsReady() == 0)
  {
		LL_RCC_ForceBackupDomainReset();
		LL_RCC_ReleaseBackupDomainReset();
		LL_RCC_LSE_Enable();

		while (LL_RCC_LSE_IsReady() != 1)
		{

		}
	}
	/* Choose LSE to */
	LL_RCC_SetRTCClockSource(LL_RCC_RTC_CLKSOURCE_LSE);
	
	/*##-3- Enable RTC peripheral Clocks #######################################*/
	/* Enable RTC Clock */ 
	LL_RCC_EnableRTC();

  /*##-4- Disable RTC registers write protection ##############################*/
  LL_RTC_DisableWriteProtection(RTC);

  /*##-5- Enter in initialization mode #######################################*/
  if (Enter_RTC_InitMode() != RTC_ERROR_NONE)   
  {
			printf("RTC enter init error\r");
  }

  /*##-6- Configure RTC ######################################################*/
  /* Configure RTC prescaler and RTC data registers */
  /* Set Hour Format */
  LL_RTC_SetHourFormat(RTC, LL_RTC_HOURFORMAT_24HOUR);
  /* Set Asynch Prediv (value according to source clock) */
  LL_RTC_SetAsynchPrescaler(RTC, RTC_ASYNCH_PREDIV);
  /* Set Synch Prediv (value according to source clock) */
  LL_RTC_SetSynchPrescaler(RTC, RTC_SYNCH_PREDIV);
  /* Set OutPut */
  /* Reset value is LL_RTC_ALARMOUT_DISABLE */
  //LL_RTC_SetAlarmOutEvent(RTC, LL_RTC_ALARMOUT_DISABLE);
  /* Set OutPutPolarity */
  /* Reset value is LL_RTC_OUTPUTPOLARITY_PIN_HIGH */
  //LL_RTC_SetOutputPolarity(RTC, LL_RTC_OUTPUTPOLARITY_PIN_HIGH);
  /* Set OutPutType */
  /* Reset value is LL_RTC_ALARM_OUTPUTTYPE_OPENDRAIN */
  //LL_RTC_SetAlarmOutputType(RTC, LL_RTC_ALARM_OUTPUTTYPE_OPENDRAIN);

  /*##-7- Exit of initialization mode #######################################*/
  Exit_RTC_InitMode();
  
	/* Disable wake up timer to modify it */
  LL_RTC_WAKEUP_Disable(RTC);
  
  /* Wait until it is allow to modify wake up reload value */
  while (LL_RTC_IsActiveFlag_WUTW(RTC) != 1)
  {
		
  }
  /* Setting the Wakeup time to 1 s
       If LL_RTC_WAKEUPCLOCK_CKSPRE is selected, the frequency is 1Hz, 
       this allows to get a wakeup time equal to 1 s if the counter is 0x0 */
  LL_RTC_WAKEUP_SetAutoReload(RTC, wu_sec);
  LL_RTC_WAKEUP_SetClock(RTC, LL_RTC_WAKEUPCLOCK_CKSPRE);
  
  /* Enable wake up counter and wake up interrupt */
  LL_RTC_WAKEUP_Enable(RTC);
	LL_RTC_EnableIT_WUT(RTC);
	
  /*##-8- Enable RTC registers write protection #############################*/
  LL_RTC_EnableWriteProtection(RTC);  
  
  /* Configure exti and nvic for RTC IT */
  LL_EXTI_EnableIT_0_31(LL_EXTI_LINE_20);
  LL_EXTI_EnableRisingTrig_0_31(LL_EXTI_LINE_20);
  NVIC_SetPriority(RTC_IRQn, 0);
  NVIC_EnableIRQ(RTC_IRQn);