推流协议有librtmp,librtp,jrtplib等;
推流工具有ffmepg,obs.lib,ndi等;
一 librtmp推流
使用librtmp发布RTMP流的可以使用两种API:RTMP_SendPacket()和RTMP_Write()。
RTMP_SendPacket流程如下:
InitSockets():初始化Socket
RTMP_Alloc():为结构体“RTMP”分配内存。
RTMP_Init():初始化结构体“RTMP”中的成员变量。
RTMP_SetupURL():设置输入的RTMP连接的URL。
RTMP_EnableWrite():发布流的时候必须要使用。如果不使用则代表接收流。
RTMP_Connect():建立RTMP连接,创建一个RTMP协议规范中的NetConnection。
RTMP_ConnectStream():创建一个RTMP协议规范中的NetStream。
Delay:发布流过程中的延时,保证按正常播放速度发送数据。
RTMP_SendPacket():发送一个RTMP数据RTMPPacket。
RTMP_Close():关闭RTMP连接。
RTMP_Free():释放结构体“RTMP”。
CleanupSockets():关闭Socket。
RTMP拉流流程:
RTMP_Init();//初始化结构体
InitSockets();//初始化Socket
RTMP_ParseURL();//解析输入URL
RTMP_SetupStream();//一些设置
fopen();//打开文件,准备写入
RTMP_Connect();//建立NetConnection
RTMP_ConnectStream()//建立NetStream
Download();//下载函数,使用RTMP_Read()进行下载
RTMP_Close();//关闭连接
fclose();//关闭文件
CleanupSockets();//清理Socket
二 JRtpLib
jrtplib是c++实现的rtp协议库,支持跨平台。librtp也是一种rtp协议库。
常用api
RTPSession sess; 创建一个session实例
Create对rtpsession初始化
SendPacket发送数据
PollData接收rtp或rtcp数据
三 ffmepg推流。
通常我们将采集的yuv/rgb raw和pcm数据编码成h264/aac,写mp4文件。推流将outfile改成url即可,本质是一样的。
ffmpeg -re -stream_loop -1 -i /home/test.mp4 -an -vcodec libvpx -payload_type 100 -f rtp rtp://127.0.0.1:5004?pkt_size=1200 -vn -acodec libopus -payload_type 111 -ar 48000 -ac 2 -f rtp rtp://127.0.0.1:5002?pkt_size=1200 -re:按照帧率发送,否则会按照最高速率发送 |
运行以下代码前,需提前运行服务器(需推流到服务器),并提供推流地址,例如:rtmp://,rtp//等。
#include <stdio.h>
#define __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS
extern "C"
{
#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
#include <libavutil/mathematics.h>
#include <libavutil/time.h>
};
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
AVOutputFormat *ofmt = NULL;
//Input AVFormatContext and Output AVFormatContext
//上下文管理对象
AVFormatContext *ifmt_ctx = NULL, *ofmt_ctx = NULL;
AVPacket pkt;
const char *in_filename, *out_filename;
int ret, i;
int videoindex=-1;
int frame_index=0;
int64_t start_time=0;
//in_filename = "cuc_ieschool.mov";
//in_filename = "cuc_ieschool.mkv";
//in_filename = "cuc_ieschool.ts";
//in_filename = "cuc_ieschool.mp4";
//in_filename = "cuc_ieschool.h264";
in_filename = "./video/input.mp4"; //本地文件转码,直接采集的数据编码也行
//in_filename = "shanghai03_p.h264";
out_filename = "rtmp://localhost/dash/test"; //输出 URL(Output URL)[RTMP]
//out_filename = "rtp://233.233.233.233:6666";//输出 URL(Output URL)[UDP]
av_register_all();
//Network
avformat_network_init();
//Input
if ((ret = avformat_open_input(&ifmt_ctx, in_filename, 0, 0)) < 0) {
printf( "Could not open input file.");
goto end;
}
if ((ret = avformat_find_stream_info(ifmt_ctx, 0)) < 0) {
printf( "Failed to retrieve input stream information");
goto end;
}
for(i=0; i<ifmt_ctx->nb_streams; i++)
if(ifmt_ctx->streams[i]->codec->codec_type==AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO){
videoindex=i;
break;
}
av_dump_format(ifmt_ctx, 0, in_filename, 0);
//Output
avformat_alloc_output_context2(&ofmt_ctx, NULL, "flv", out_filename); //RTMP
//avformat_alloc_output_context2(&ofmt_ctx, NULL, "mpegts", out_filename);//UDP
if (!ofmt_ctx) {
printf( "Could not create output context\n");
ret = AVERROR_UNKNOWN;
goto end;
}
ofmt = ofmt_ctx->oformat;
for (i = 0; i < ifmt_ctx->nb_streams; i++) {
//Create output AVStream according to input AVStream
AVStream *in_stream = ifmt_ctx->streams[i];
AVStream *out_stream = avformat_new_stream(ofmt_ctx, in_stream->codec->codec);
if (!out_stream) {
printf( "Failed allocating output stream\n");
ret = AVERROR_UNKNOWN;
goto end;
}
//Copy the settings of AVCodecContext
ret = avcodec_copy_context(out_stream->codec, in_stream->codec);
if (ret < 0) {
printf( "Failed to copy context from input to output stream codec context\n");
goto end;
}
out_stream->codec->codec_tag = 0;
if (ofmt_ctx->oformat->flags & AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER)
out_stream->codec->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
}
//Dump Format------------------
av_dump_format(ofmt_ctx, 0, out_filename, 1);
//Open output URL
if (!(ofmt->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE)) {
ret = avio_open(&ofmt_ctx->pb, out_filename, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE);
if (ret < 0) {
printf( "Could not open output URL '%s'", out_filename);
goto end;
}
}
//Write file header
ret = avformat_write_header(ofmt_ctx, NULL);
if (ret < 0) {
printf( "Error occurred when opening output URL\n");
goto end;
}
start_time=av_gettime();
while (1) {
AVStream *in_stream, *out_stream;
//Get an AVPacket
ret = av_read_frame(ifmt_ctx, &pkt);
if (ret < 0)
break;
//FIX:No PTS (Example: Raw H.264)
//Simple Write PTS
if(pkt.pts==AV_NOPTS_VALUE){
//Write PTS
AVRational time_base1=ifmt_ctx->streams[videoindex]->time_base;
//Duration between 2 frames (us)
int64_t calc_duration=(double)AV_TIME_BASE/av_q2d(ifmt_ctx->streams[videoindex]->r_frame_rate);
//Parameters
pkt.pts=(double)(frame_index*calc_duration)/(double)(av_q2d(time_base1)*AV_TIME_BASE);
pkt.dts=pkt.pts;
pkt.duration=(double)calc_duration/(double)(av_q2d(time_base1)*AV_TIME_BASE);
}
//Important:Delay
if(pkt.stream_index==videoindex){
AVRational time_base=ifmt_ctx->streams[videoindex]->time_base;
AVRational time_base_q={1,AV_TIME_BASE};
int64_t pts_time = av_rescale_q(pkt.dts, time_base, time_base_q);
int64_t now_time = av_gettime() - start_time;
if (pts_time > now_time)
av_usleep(pts_time - now_time);
}
in_stream = ifmt_ctx->streams[pkt.stream_index];
out_stream = ofmt_ctx->streams[pkt.stream_index];
/* copy packet */
//Convert PTS/DTS
pkt.pts = av_rescale_q_rnd(pkt.pts, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base, (AVRounding)(AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF|AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX));
pkt.dts = av_rescale_q_rnd(pkt.dts, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base, (AVRounding)(AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF|AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX));
pkt.duration = av_rescale_q(pkt.duration, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base);
pkt.pos = -1;
//Print to Screen
if(pkt.stream_index==videoindex){
//printf("Send %8d video frames to output URL\n",frame_index);
frame_index++;
}
//ret = av_write_frame(ofmt_ctx, &pkt);
ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(ofmt_ctx, &pkt);
if (ret < 0) {
printf( "Error muxing packet\n");
break;
}
av_free_packet(&pkt);
}
//Write file trailer
av_write_trailer(ofmt_ctx);
end:
avformat_close_input(&ifmt_ctx);
/* close output */
if (ofmt_ctx && !(ofmt->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE))
avio_close(ofmt_ctx->pb);
avformat_free_context(ofmt_ctx);
if (ret < 0 && ret != AVERROR_EOF) {
printf( "Error occurred.\n");
return -1;
}
return 0;
}