单例模式

单线程

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Singleton
{
public:
	static Singleton* getInstance()
	{
		if (!m_pobjSingleton)
		{
			m_pobjSingleton = new Singleton();
		}
		return m_pobjSingleton;
	}
	void show(const int& number)
	{
		cout << "i am singleton number " << number << ' ' << this << endl;
	}
private:
	Singleton() {}
	static Singleton* m_pobjSingleton;
};

Singleton* Singleton::m_pobjSingleton = nullptr;

int main()
{
	for (int i = 0; i < 50; ++i)
	{
		Singleton::getInstance()->show(i);
	}
	return 0;
}

多线程

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <vector>
#include <mutex>

using namespace std;

class Singleton
{
public:
	static Singleton* getInstance(const int& number)
	{
		unique_lock<mutex> lck(m_mutex);
		if (!m_pobjSingleton)
		{
			m_pobjSingleton = new Singleton();
		}
		m_pobjSingleton->show(number);
		return m_pobjSingleton;
	}
private:
	void show(const int& number)
	{
		cout << "i am singleton number " << number << ' ' << this << endl;
	}
	Singleton() {}
	static Singleton* m_pobjSingleton;
	static mutex m_mutex;
};

Singleton* Singleton::m_pobjSingleton = nullptr;
mutex Singleton::m_mutex;

int main()
{
	vector<thread> vecThread(50);
	for (int i = 0; i < 50; ++i)
	{
		vecThread[i] = thread(Singleton::getInstance, i);
	}
	for (auto& it : vecThread)
	{
		it.join();
	}
	return 0;
}

总结：单线程用的单例模式已经够很多情况下使用，只是这种情况下多线程访问的时候还是会可能会生成多个实例，加上锁在多线程情况下就只会生成一个实例，保证内存中只有一个实例。