AudioTrack创建过程分析(android_audio)

 c++测试程序  frameworks/base/media/tests/audiotests/shared_mem_test.cpp

int AudioTrackTest::Test01()   播放声音主要是靠这个

p<AudioTrack> track = new AudioTrack(AUDIO_STREAM_MUSIC,// stream type
               rate,
               AUDIO_FORMAT_PCM_16_BIT,// word length, PCM
               AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_MONO,
               iMem);

        status_t status = track->initCheck();
        if(status != NO_ERROR) {
            track.clear();
            ALOGD("Failed for initCheck()");
            return -1;
        }

        // start play
        ALOGD("start");
        track->start();

---

java测试程序

frameworks/base/media/tests/MediaFrameworkTest/src/com/android/mediaframeworktest/functional/audio/MediaAudioTrackTest.java 

@LargeTest
    public void testSetStereoVolumeMax() throws Exception {
        // constants for test
        final String TEST_NAME = "testSetStereoVolumeMax";
        final int TEST_SR = 22050;
        final int TEST_CONF = AudioFormat.CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO;
        final int TEST_FORMAT = AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT;
        final int TEST_MODE = AudioTrack.MODE_STREAM;
        final int TEST_STREAM_TYPE = AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC;
        
        //-------- initialization --------------
        int minBuffSize = AudioTrack.getMinBufferSize(TEST_SR, TEST_CONF, TEST_FORMAT);
        AudioTrack track = new AudioTrack(TEST_STREAM_TYPE, TEST_SR, TEST_CONF, TEST_FORMAT, 
                minBuffSize, TEST_MODE);
        byte data[] = new byte[minBuffSize/2];
        //--------    test        --------------
        track.write(data, 0, data.length);
        track.write(data, 0, data.length);
        track.play();
        float maxVol = AudioTrack.getMaxVolume();
        assertTrue(TEST_NAME, track.setStereoVolume(maxVol, maxVol) == AudioTrack.SUCCESS);
        //-------- tear down      --------------
        track.release();
    }

java的AudioTrack

frameworks/base/media/java/android/media/AudioTrack.java 

  找到其中的一个构造器native_setup函数  jni的一个方法

public AudioTrack(AudioAttributes attributes, AudioFormat format, int bufferSizeInBytes,
            int mode, int sessionId)
                    throws IllegalArgumentException {
        ...
        // native initialization
        int initResult = native_setup(new WeakReference<AudioTrack>(this), mAttributes,
                sampleRate, mChannelMask, mChannelIndexMask, mAudioFormat,
                mNativeBufferSizeInBytes, mDataLoadMode, session, 0 /*nativeTrackInJavaObj*/);
        ...
    }

jni映射类    static const JNINativeMethod gMethods[]

 frameworks/base/core/jni/android_media_AudioTrack.cpp

static const JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
    // name,              signature,     funcPtr
    ...
    {"native_setup",     "(Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/Object;[IIIIII[IJ)I",
                                         (void *)android_media_AudioTrack_setup},
    ...
};

android_media_AudioTrack_setup

   这里面就是创建一个使用c++实现的AudioTrack  参数为空 再调用set函数

static jint
android_media_AudioTrack_setup(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jobject weak_this, jobject jaa,
        jintArray jSampleRate, jint channelPositionMask, jint channelIndexMask,
        jint audioFormat, jint buffSizeInBytes, jint memoryMode, jintArray jSession,
        jlong nativeAudioTrack) {

    ALOGV("sampleRates=%p, channel mask=%x, index mask=%x, audioFormat(Java)=%d, buffSize=%d"
        "nativeAudioTrack=0x%" PRIX64,
        jSampleRate, channelPositionMask, channelIndexMask, audioFormat, buffSizeInBytes,
        nativeAudioTrack);

        ...
        // create the native AudioTrack object
        lpTrack = new AudioTrack();
        ...
        switch (memoryMode) {
        case MODE_STREAM:

            status = lpTrack->set(
                    AUDIO_STREAM_DEFAULT,// stream type, but more info conveyed in paa (last argument)
                    sampleRateInHertz,
                    format,// word length, PCM
                    nativeChannelMask,
                    frameCount,
                    AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_NONE,
                    audioCallback, &(lpJniStorage->mCallbackData),//callback, callback data (user)
                    0,// notificationFrames == 0 since not using EVENT_MORE_DATA to feed the AudioTrack
                    0,// shared mem
                    true,// thread can call Java
                    sessionId,// audio session ID
                    AudioTrack::TRANSFER_SYNC,
                    NULL,                         // default offloadInfo
                    -1, -1,                       // default uid, pid values
                    paa);
            break;

        case MODE_STATIC:
            // AudioTrack is using shared memory

            if (!lpJniStorage->allocSharedMem(buffSizeInBytes)) {
                ALOGE("Error creating AudioTrack in static mode: error creating mem heap base");
                goto native_init_failure;
            }

            status = lpTrack->set(
                    AUDIO_STREAM_DEFAULT,// stream type, but more info conveyed in paa (last argument)
                    sampleRateInHertz,
                    format,// word length, PCM
                    nativeChannelMask,
                    frameCount,
                    AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_NONE,
                    audioCallback, &(lpJniStorage->mCallbackData),//callback, callback data (user));
                    0,// notificationFrames == 0 since not using EVENT_MORE_DATA to feed the AudioTrack
                    lpJniStorage->mMemBase,// shared mem
                    true,// thread can call Java
                    sessionId,// audio session ID
                    AudioTrack::TRANSFER_SHARED,
                    NULL,                         // default offloadInfo
                    -1, -1,                       // default uid, pid values
                    paa);
            break;

        default:
            ALOGE("Unknown mode %d", memoryMode);
            goto native_init_failure;
        }
}

---

分析 设备上的声卡在设备中属于一个output   

         每一个output对应一个播放线程  这些线程由AudioFlinger创建管理

          参考  https://blog.csdn.net/we1less/article/details/118424539AudioFlinger::openOutput

         AudioTrack负责利用设置的属性根据AudioPolicyService找到对应的output、playbackThread线程

AudioTrack创建过程_选择output
APP构造AudioTrack时指定了 streamtype  调用this构造器再利用jni调用到  android_media_AudioTrack.cpp中

    frameworks/base/media/java/android/media/AudioTrack.java

public AudioTrack(int streamType, int sampleRateInHz, int channelConfig, int audioFormat,
            int bufferSizeInBytes, int mode, int sessionId)
    throws IllegalArgumentException {
        // mState already == STATE_UNINITIALIZED
        this((new AudioAttributes.Builder())
                    .setLegacyStreamType(streamType)
                    .build(),
                (new AudioFormat.Builder())
                    .setChannelMask(channelConfig)
                    .setEncoding(audioFormat)
                    .setSampleRate(sampleRateInHz)
                    .build(),
                bufferSizeInBytes,
                mode, sessionId);
        deprecateStreamTypeForPlayback(streamType, "AudioTrack", "AudioTrack()");
    }
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

setInternalLegacyStreamType 

  根据StreamType设置AudioAttributes.Builder的mContentType

  frameworks/base/media/java/android/media/AudioAttributes.java

public Builder setInternalLegacyStreamType(int streamType) {
            switch(streamType) {
                case AudioSystem.STREAM_VOICE_CALL:
                    mContentType = CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH;
                    break;
                ...
                default:
                    Log.e(TAG, "Invalid stream type " + streamType + " for AudioAttributes");
            }
            mUsage = usageForStreamType(streamType);
            return this;
        }


------------------------------------------------------------------------------
public AudioTrack(AudioAttributes attributes, AudioFormat format, int bufferSizeInBytes,
            int mode, int sessionId)
                    throws IllegalArgumentException {
        super(attributes, AudioPlaybackConfiguration.PLAYER_TYPE_JAM_AUDIOTRACK);
        ...
        // native initialization
        int initResult = native_setup(new WeakReference<AudioTrack>(this), mAttributes,
                sampleRate, mChannelMask, mChannelIndexMask, mAudioFormat,
                mNativeBufferSizeInBytes, mDataLoadMode, session, 0 /*nativeTrackInJavaObj*/);
        if (initResult != SUCCESS) {
            loge("Error code "+initResult+" when initializing AudioTrack.");
            return; // with mState == STATE_UNINITIALIZED
        }
...
}

android_media_AudioTrack_setup

此函数是由java层jni调用来的在这里根据attributes构建audio_attributes_t   paa

new AudioTrack

在set函数中将这个paa设置进去

frameworks/base/core/jni/android_media_AudioTrack.cpp

static jint
android_media_AudioTrack_setup(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jobject weak_this, jobject jaa,
        jintArray jSampleRate, jint channelPositionMask, jint channelIndexMask,
        jint audioFormat, jint buffSizeInBytes, jint memoryMode, jintArray jSession,
        jlong nativeAudioTrack) {
        ...
// read the AudioAttributes values
        paa = (audio_attributes_t *) calloc(1, sizeof(audio_attributes_t));
        const jstring jtags =
                (jstring) env->GetObjectField(jaa, javaAudioAttrFields.fieldFormattedTags);
        const char* tags = env->GetStringUTFChars(jtags, NULL);
        // copying array size -1, char array for tags was calloc'd, no need to NULL-terminate it
        strncpy(paa->tags, tags, AUDIO_ATTRIBUTES_TAGS_MAX_SIZE - 1);
        env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(jtags, tags);
        paa->usage = (audio_usage_t) env->GetIntField(jaa, javaAudioAttrFields.fieldUsage);
        paa->content_type =
                (audio_content_type_t) env->GetIntField(jaa, javaAudioAttrFields.fieldContentType);
        paa->flags = env->GetIntField(jaa, javaAudioAttrFields.fieldFlags);

        ALOGV("AudioTrack_setup for usage=%d content=%d flags=0x%#x tags=%s",
                paa->usage, paa->content_type, paa->flags, paa->tags);
        ...
        // create the native AudioTrack object
        lpTrack = new AudioTrack();
        ...
        status = lpTrack->set(
                    AUDIO_STREAM_DEFAULT,// stream type, but more info conveyed in paa (last argument)
                    sampleRateInHertz,
                    format,// word length, PCM
                    nativeChannelMask,
                    frameCount,
                    AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_NONE,
                    audioCallback, &(lpJniStorage->mCallbackData),//callback, callback data (user)
                    0,// notificationFrames == 0 since not using EVENT_MORE_DATA to feed the AudioTrack
                    0,// shared mem
                    true,// thread can call Java
                    sessionId,// audio session ID
                    AudioTrack::TRANSFER_SYNC,
                    NULL,                         // default offloadInfo
                    -1, -1,                       // default uid, pid values
                    paa);
            break;
}

set   frameworks/av/media/libaudioclient/AudioTrack.cpp

status_t AudioTrack::set(
        ...
        const audio_attributes_t* pAttributes,
        bool doNotReconnect,
        float maxRequiredSpeed)
{

}

c. AudioPolicyManager::getStrategyForAttr
d. AudioPolicyManager::getDeviceForStrategy
e. AudioPolicyManager::getOutputForDevice
       e.1 AudioPolicyManager::getOutputsForDevice
       e.2 output = selectOutput(outputs, flags, format);

          然后在playbackThread中创建对应的Track

          在playbackThread中存在一个数组mTracks  其中的某一个要跟应用程序的Track对应

          APP的AudioTrack和playbackThread的mTracks中的Track之间建立共享内存

---

AudioTrack::AudioTrack()    frameworks/av/media/libaudioclient/AudioTrack.cpp

AudioTrack::AudioTrack(
        ...
{
    mStatus = set(streamType, sampleRate, format, channelMask,
            0 /*frameCount*/, flags, cbf, user, notificationFrames,
            sharedBuffer, false /*threadCanCallJava*/, sessionId, transferType, offloadInfo,
            uid, pid, pAttributes, doNotReconnect, maxRequiredSpeed);
}