英语语法 - 倒装句 | 插入语 | 主谓一致 | 反义疑问句

[ 倒装 ]

  将谓语的全部或者一部分放在主语前，1. 语法结构需要(疑问句) 2. 强调，修饰

        Have you finished your homework yet?

        你完成家庭作业了吗？

        Did you read the book?

        你读过这本书吗？

        What did you do last week?

        你上个星期做了什么？

        You don't like this movie, do you?

        你不喜欢这部电影，是吗？

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        Beside the tree was sitting a cute girl.

        树旁边坐着一个可爱的女孩。

        Round the corner came a motorcycle.

        拐角处开来一辆摩托车。

        "I love you" whispered Jack.

        “我爱你，”杰克低声说道。

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1. 在以 here、there、out、in、up、down、away 等副词开头的句子，表示强调或修辞需要

        There goes the bell.        The bell goes there.

        铃声响起。

        Here comes the bus.        The bus comes here.

        公车来了

        Out rushed the children.        The children rushed out.

        孩子们冲了出来

        Away went the boy.        The boy went away.

主语是人称代词的时候，主语和谓语语序不变，副词放开头

        Here it is.  给你

        Here you are.  给你

        Away he went.  他走了

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2. 直接引语的一部分或全部放句首，主语谓语要倒装

        "what is this in English" asked the girl.

        “这英文是什么？”女孩问。

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3. only + 状语或状语从句置于句首，句子部分倒装

        Only in this way can you solve this problem.

        You can solve this problem only in this way.

        只有这样才能解决这个问题。

        Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.

        当他把这句话说出来之后，他才意识到自己犯了一个大错误。

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4. hardly、in no way、little、scarcely、seldom、never、no more、no longer、not、not only、no sooner ...than、not only ...(but also)、not until 等句首，倒装

        No sooner had I got home than it began to rain,

        刚回到家，天就下雨了

        Not only did we lose all our money, but also we nearly were killed.

        我们不但损失了所有的钱，还险些丧命。

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5. so 放句首，倒装

主系表

        He is tired, so am I.

        他累了，我也是

        They are rich, so are you.

        他们有钱，你也有钱

        I was an assistant ten years ago, so was she.

        十年前我是助理，她也是。

        My daughter will be a teacher next year, so will his son.

        我女儿明年将成为一名教师，他的儿子也将成为一名教师。

主谓宾

        I like music, so does she.

        我喜欢音乐，她也喜欢。

        She learns English every day, so do I.

        她每天都学英语，我也是。

情态动词

        You can swim, so can I.

        你会游泳，我也会。

        She must go home now, so must you.

        她现在必须回家了，你也必须回家。

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[ 插入语 ]

用逗号隔开，没有语法上的关系，一个词或一个句子

1. 副词作插入语

        Indeed 的确        certainly 当然        surely 无疑的        however 然而

        Certainly, I will help you.

        当然，我会帮你的。

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2. 形容词以及词组做插入语

        Strange to say, she hasn't got my letter by now.

        说来奇怪，她现在还没有收到我的信。

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3. 介词短语做插入语

In short        of course        in general        in fact        in other words        in a word       

in a few words

        China, in fact, is a developing country.

        事实上，中国是一个发展中国家。

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4. 分词短语做插入语

Strictly speaking 严格来说        generally speaking 通常来说        judging from 根据...判断

        Generally speaking, most boys like sports.

        一般来说，大多数男孩喜欢运动。

        Judging from his face, he must be over sixty.

        从他的脸上看，他一定六十多岁了。

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5. 不定式短语做插入语

so to speak 可以说        to be sure 无疑的        to sum up 概括地说        to tell the truth 老实说 

to be frank 坦白说        to be honest 坦率地说

        To tell the truth, I really want to quit my job.

        说实话，我真的很想辞职。

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[ 主谓一致 ]

1. 集体名词

class        family        army        committee        population        enemy        crowd        crew    audience        public        government        majority        group

整体看作单数，其中各个成员看作复数

        His family likes sports and games.

        他全体家人都喜欢体育运动

        The committee is made up of 15 members.

        委员由15个成员组成

        The committee are in the hall.

        委员们都在大厅里面

        The audience were clapping for 10 minutes.

        观众鼓掌长达10分钟。