花几千上万学习Java，真没必要！（三十九）

沐风听雨_A

已于 2024-08-02 20:29:48 修改

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文章标签：学习 java python

于 2024-08-01 21:40:39 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wehpd/article/details/140857879

版权

1、BufferedReader的使用：

测试代码：

package test.com;
import java.io.BufferedReader;  
import java.io.FileReader;  
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.util.ArrayList;  
import java.util.List;  
  
public class FileReadToList {  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        // 文件路径  
        String filePath = "D:\\AA\\a.txt";  
        // 创建列表存储文件中的每一行  
        List<String> lines = new ArrayList<>();  
  
        try (BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(filePath))) {  
            String line;  
            // 逐行读取直到文件末尾  
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {  
                // 将读取的每一行添加到列表中  
                lines.add(line);  
            }  
  
            // 遍历列表并打印每一行  
            for (String str : lines) {  
                System.out.println(str);  
            }  
  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
            System.out.println("读取文件时发生错误：" + e.getMessage());  
        }  
    }  
}

运行结果如下;

2、BufferedWriter的使用：

测试代码：

package test.com;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;  
import java.io.FileWriter;  
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.util.ArrayList;  
import java.util.List;  
  
public class WriteListToFile {  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        // ArrayList集合，存储字符串。  
        List<String> strings = new ArrayList<>();  
        strings.add("第一行");  
        strings.add("第二行");  
        strings.add("第三行");  
  
        // 指定文件路径  
        String filePath = "E:\\Test\\a.txt";  
  
        // 使用try-with-resources语句来自动关闭BufferedWriter  
        try (BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(filePath))) {  
            // 遍历集合  
            for (String str : strings) {  
                // 将每个字符串写入文件，并在末尾添加换行符  
                writer.write(str);  
                writer.newLine(); // 写入一个新的行分隔符  
            }  
              
            // 由于使用了try-with-resources，不需要显式调用writer.close();  
            // 会在try块的末尾自动调用  
  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
            System.out.println("写入文件时发生错误：" + e.getMessage());  
        }  
  
        System.out.println("文件写入完成。");  
    }  
}

运行结果如下：

3、文件到集合：

测试代码：

创建一个运动员类;

package test.com; 
public class Athlete {  
    private String name;  
    private String gender;  
    private String nationality;  
    private double height; // 身高，单位cm  
    private double weight; // 体重，单位kg  
  
    // 构造方法
    public Athlete(String name, String gender, String nationality, double height, double weight) {  
        this.name = name;  
        this.gender = gender;  
        this.nationality = nationality;  
        this.height = height;  
        this.weight = weight;  
    }   
  
    public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getGender() {
		return gender;
	}
	public void setGender(String gender) {
		this.gender = gender;
	}
	public String getNationality() {
		return nationality;
	}

	public void setNationality(String nationality) {
		this.nationality = nationality;
	}
	public double getHeight() {
		return height;
	}

	public void setHeight(double height) {
		this.height = height;
	}
	public double getWeight() {
		return weight;
	}
	public void setWeight(double weight) {
		this.weight = weight;
	}
	// toString方法（可选，用于打印Athlete对象的信息）  
    @Override  
    public String toString() {  
        return "Athlete{" +  
                "name='" + name + '\'' +  
                ", gender='" + gender + '\'' +  
                ", nationality='" + nationality + '\'' +  
                ", height=" + height + "cm" +  
                ", weight=" + weight + "kg" +  
                '}';  
    }  
}

读取：E:\\Test\\athletes.txt 文本中的文件到集合：

package test.com;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class RandomRollCall {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		List<Athlete> athletes = new ArrayList<>();
		BufferedReader reader = null;
		try {
			reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("E:\\Test\\athletes.txt"));
			String line;

			while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
				String[] fields = line.split("\\s+"); // 使用一个或多个空格作为分隔符
				if (fields.length >= 4) {
					String name = fields[0];
					String gender = fields[1];
					String nationality = fields[2];

					// 去除身高字符串中的 "cm" 后缀
					String heightStr = fields[3].replace("cm", "").trim();
					double height = Double.parseDouble(heightStr); // 解析为 double

					Athlete athlete = new Athlete(name, gender, nationality, height,height); 
					athletes.add(athlete);
				}
			}

			// 打印运动员信息
			for (Athlete athlete : athletes) {
				System.out.println(athlete); // 确保 Athlete 类有合适的 toString() 方法
			}

		} catch (IOException | NumberFormatException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			// 添加记录日志或通知用户的方法。
		} finally {
			if (reader != null) {
				try {
					reader.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

运行结果如下：

4、集合到文件;

测试代码：

创建一个鲜花类：

package test.com;
public class Flower {
	private String name;
	private String color;
	private int petals;
	private int quantity;
	private String origin;

	// 构造方法
	public Flower(String name, String color, int petals, int quantity, String origin) {
		this.name = name;
		this.color = color;
		this.petals = petals;
		this.quantity = quantity;
		this.origin = origin;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getColor() {
		return color;
	}

	public void setColor(String color) {
		this.color = color;
	}

	public int getPetals() {
		return petals;
	}

	public void setPetals(int petals) {
		this.petals = petals;
	}

	public int getQuantity() {
		return quantity;
	}

	public void setQuantity(int quantity) {
		this.quantity = quantity;
	}

	public String getOrigin() {
		return origin;
	}

	public void setOrigin(String origin) {
		this.origin = origin;
	}

	// 格式化输出方法
	public String toFormattedString() {
		return String.format("%s，%s，%d，%d，%s", name, color, petals, quantity, origin);
	}
}

将集合写入到：E:\\Test\\flowers.txt文本文件中。

package test.com;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;  
import java.io.FileWriter;  
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.util.ArrayList;  
import java.util.List;  
public class FlowerListToFile {  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        List<Flower> flowers = new ArrayList<>();  
        flowers.add(new Flower("玫瑰", "红色", 26, 10, "中国"));  
        flowers.add(new Flower("郁金香", "黄色", 6, 20, "荷兰"));  
        flowers.add(new Flower("菊花", "白色", 100, 5, "日本"));  
  
        // 文件路径  
        String filePath = "E:\\Test\\flowers.txt";  
  
        // 写入文件  
        try (BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(filePath))) {  
            for (Flower flower : flowers) {  
                writer.write(flower.toFormattedString());  
                writer.newLine(); // 换行  
            }  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
  
        System.out.println("鲜花数据已写入文件：" + filePath);  
    }  
}

运行结果如下：

5、复制文件夹：

测试代码：

package test.com;
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.nio.file.*;  
  
public class FolderCopier {  
  
    public static void copyDirectory(Path sourceDir, Path targetDir) throws IOException {  
        // 确保目标目录存在  
        Files.createDirectories(targetDir);  
  
        // 读取源目录中的文件和子目录  
        try (DirectoryStream<Path> stream = Files.newDirectoryStream(sourceDir)) {  
            for (Path file: stream) {  
                Path targetPath = targetDir.resolve(sourceDir.relativize(file));  
  
                // 检查是否为文件  
                if (Files.isRegularFile(file)) {  
                    // 复制文件  
                    Files.copy(file, targetPath, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);  
                } else if (Files.isDirectory(file)) {  
                    // 递归复制目录  
                    copyDirectory(file, targetPath);  
                }  
            }  
        }  
    }  
  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        Path sourceDir = Paths.get("D:\\Program Files");  
        Path targetDir = Paths.get("E:\\Program Files");  
  
        try {  
            copyDirectory(sourceDir, targetDir);  
            System.out.println("文件夹复制完成！");  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
    }  
}