计算机与人脑pdf_我们距离将人脑复制到计算机有多远

计算机与人脑pdf

In this blog, we’ll explore various interesting facts about human brain, then compare those facts with recent advancements in AI and see where are we currently in developing an artificial (vs human level) general intelligence.

在此博客中，我们将探索有关人脑的各种有趣的事实，然后将这些事实与AI的最新进展进行比较，并了解我们目前在开发人工(相对于人类水平) 通用智能的领域 。

Before we start, here’s a quick introduction about myself: I started my career as an AI Engineer and been fortunate enough in building various real-time AI systems (Computer Vision and NLP). I was fascinated by the fact that human brain is the “most complex thing in the universe” and developed a great interest in neuroscience (understanding human brain) and I hope it’s the same interest that brought you here.

在开始之前，这里有一个关于我自己的快速介绍：我以AI工程师的身份开始了我的职业生涯，并且幸运地构建了各种实时AI系统(Computer Vision和NLP)。 人脑是“宇宙中最复杂的事物”这一事实使我着迷，并且对神经科学(了解人脑)产生了浓厚的兴趣，我希望它带给您同样的兴趣。

Let’s get started with our topics:

让我们开始讨论我们的主题：

1. Understanding the relation between human brain and computers
   了解人脑与计算机之间的关系
2. Interesting facts about Human brain and Decision Making
   有关人脑和决策的有趣事实
3. Human intelligence and Artificial Intelligence: The Differences
   人工智能与人工智能：差异
4. Will AI take over Humans?
   人工智能会取代人类吗？

了解人脑与计算机之间的关系： (Understanding the relation between Human brain and Computers:)

In Classical Neurology, Brain is considered as a machine / a computer that performs Classification and Categorization. But wait there’s something special about human brain, the “personal” (i.e) the ability to feel things and continuously judge it’s world(environment) and thereby continuously learning. Removing this personal from one’s brain, makes him defective and he’’ll just be a computer / machine.

在古典神经病学中，大脑被视为执行分类和分类的机器/计算机。 但是，请等待，关于人类大脑有一些特殊之处，即“个人”(即)感知事物并不断判断世界(环境)并由此不断学习的能力。 把这个人从大脑中移开，会使他变得有缺陷，他将只是一台计算机/机器。

Dr. Oliver Sacks in his book “The Man who mistook his wife for a hat”, explains about a patient(old man) who can recognize Einstein from a picture but not his friends or family members. And the same patient when experimented with a rose flower. He was able to describe it’s(rose) features like six inches in length, a convoluted red form with a linear green attachment but unable to map this to his memory of rose flower. Even a kid could do this, so what made him defective? Was he lost in the world of lifeless abstraction?This is how a brain without it’s self(personal) behave.

奥利弗·萨克斯(Oliver Sacks)博士在他的著作“把妻子误戴帽子的男人”中解释了一个病人(老人)可以从照片中识别爱因斯坦，但不能识别他的朋友或家人。 而同一位患者在尝试玫瑰花时。 他能够描述它的特征，如玫瑰长约六英寸，呈红色，带有线性绿色附件，但无法映射到他对玫瑰花朵的记忆。 甚至一个孩子都能做到这一点，那么是什么使他有缺陷呢？ 他在迷茫的抽象世界中迷失了吗？这就是没有自我(个人)的大脑的行为方式。

Are we building an AI system that’s as defective as this patient? We’ll see more about this in the later part of the article.

我们是否正在构建一个与该患者一样有缺陷的AI系统？ 我们将在本文的后面部分中看到有关此内容的更多信息。

有关人脑和决策的有趣事实： (Interesting facts about Human brain and Decision Making:)

To keep things simple, I’ll try not to use any biological terms for brain regions or parts rather use some experiments or examples from V S Ramachandran and Oliver Sacks

为简单起见，我将尽量不要对大脑区域或部位使用任何生物学术语，而应使用VS Ramachandran和Oliver Sacks的一些实验或示例

• Intuitive mind vs Rational mind: As explained by Daniel Kahneman in his book “Thinking Fast and Slow”, there are two primary modes of thinking to process information and make decisions. Intuitive mind (System 1) which is fast, unconscious, emotional and it’s responsible for 90% of our decision making. Rational mind (System 2) which is slow, conscious, logical