qt跨平台软件开发_Qt on Mobile：跨平台应用程序开发的最佳实践

qt跨平台软件开发

What makes an app marketable? There are many requirements that an app needs to meet to be successful. In this article, you can learn the best practices of developing successful apps with Qt on mobile devices.

是什么使应用适合市场？ 成功需要满足许多要求。 在本文中，您可以学习在移动设备上使用Qt开发成功应用的最佳实践。

Note: This article is a recap of the session presented by our CEO & Co-Founder, Chris, at Qt Virtual Tech Con 20. In his talk, he shared his deep insights about the best practices of mobile-optimized apps and how to overcome the mobile optimization challenges on iOS and Android devices. You can watch the full session by clicking on the video below:

注意：本文是我们首席执行官兼联合创始人Chris在 Qt Virtual Tech Con 20 上的演讲的回顾 。 在演讲中，他分享了他对移动优化应用的最佳实践以及如何克服iOS和Android设备上的移动优化挑战的深刻见解。 您可以通过单击下面的视频观看整个会议：

从“为什么”开始：应用程序的目的 (Start with the Why: The Purpose Of Your App)

As the first best practice for mobile development — and this applies in general, not only for Qt — please ask yourself this simple question: why do you actually want to build a mobile app? That question for the “why” is really important because many apps just show simple information but users don’t want to download apps just to get some information that might as well be available on a website.

作为移动开发的第一个最佳实践-这不仅适用于Qt，而且通常适用于一般情况-请问自己一个简单的问题： 您为什么真正想要构建一个移动应用程序？ 关于“为什么”的问题非常重要，因为许多应用程序仅显示简单的信息，而用户不想下载应用程序只是为了获取一些信息，这些信息可能也可以在网站上获得。

Users really want to get real value out of mobile applications. How can you do that? You can provide value by using the unique features of mobile phones. You can do so, for example, by making the app a lot simpler to use. You can add value to your app by utilizing any of the below unique features:

用户确实希望从移动应用程序中获得真正的价值。 你该怎么做？ 您可以通过使用手机的独特功能来提供价值。 例如，您可以通过简化应用程序来做到这一点。 您可以利用以下任何独特功能为您的应用增值：

• gestures
  手势
• touch control
  触控式
• location sensors and modules
  位置传感器和模块
• push notifications
  推送通知
• sensors
  感应器
• camera
  相机
• augmented reality on top of the camera
  相机上方的增强现实

After you get the value right, you should aim to impress and wow your users with a great user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) to really have the chance to stand out across all the other mobile applications out there.

正确获取价值后，您应该努力以出色的用户界面(UI)和用户体验(UX)来打动用户，并给他们留下深刻的印象，以使他们真正有机会在所有其他移动应用程序中脱颖而出。

Currently, there are over 3 million mobile apps in Google Play and about the same amount on the iOS App Store. So to stand out from the crowd, the goal should be to really make something better.

目前，Google Play中有超过300万个移动应用程序，而iOS App Store中的移动应用程序数量与此相当。 因此，要在人群中脱颖而出，目标应该是真正做得更好。

出色的UX在移动设备上实际上意味着什么？ (What does the great UX actually mean on mobile?)

The core part is to provide native user experience. Native means that it falls within the design guidelines with the underlying platforms like iOS or Android.

核心部分是提供本机用户体验。 本机意味着它符合iOS或Android等基础平台的设计准则。

To give you a few examples, let’s start with navigation. The navigation is quite different on iOS and Android.

为了给您提供一些示例，让我们从Navigation开始。 导航在iOS和Android上完全不同。

iOS users are accustomed to using a swipe back gesture to navigate between different pages. This makes a lot of sense because on Android you have a back button that you can press on the bottom but on iOS there is no built-in button to revert back.

iOS用户习惯于使用向后滑动手势在不同页面之间导航。 这很有意义，因为在Android上，您可以按底部的后退按钮，但是在iOS上，没有内置按钮可以还原。

If you only have the back button on the top of the page, this would mean that users would always have to go back to the top of the mobile phone. This could be a bit tricky as phones are getting bigger and bigger. This would also mean that users will need to use both of their hands to control the application. This is the reason why it’s really a best practice to use back swipe navigation on iOS. Otherwise, users could find it weird, which can lead to users abandoning the app.

如果仅在页面顶部具有后退按钮，则意味着用户将始终必须返回到手机顶部。 随着电话越来越大，这可能会有些棘手。 这也意味着用户将需要用两只手来控制应用程序。 这就是为什么在iOS上使用向后滑动导航确实是最佳实践的原因。 否则，用户可能会发现它很奇怪，这可能导致用户放弃该应用程序。

On Android, on the other hand, you have a back button navigation together with a “physical” back button on the device. In addition, you usually have a navigation drawer as well unlike on iOS. On Apple smartphones, you have the tab navigation bar on the bottom most of the time.

另一方面，在Android上，您具有后退按钮导航以及设备上的“物理”后退按钮。 此外，与iOS上不同，您通常也有一个导航抽屉。 在Apple智能手机上，大多数情况下，标签导航栏位于底部。

In addition to navigation, other differences might be subtle but could make a huge difference if you sum all of them up between the two platforms such as:

除了导航之外，其他差异可能也很细微，但如果将两个平台之间的所有特征汇总在一起，则可能会产生巨大差异，例如：

• Scrolling: the look and feel of scrolling through a list is different due to velocity, speed and acceleration of the actual scrolling
  滚动：由于实际滚动的速度，速度和加速度，在列表中滚动的外观和感觉有所不同
• The look of the scroll bar
  滚动条的外观
• Buttons
  纽扣
• Font types and sizes
  字体类型和大小
• Dialogs: like native and share dialog
  对话框：类似于本机和共享对话框
• Date and time pickers
  日期和时间选择器

Here is a quick demo of native dialogs on both Android and iOS:

这是Android和iOS上本机对话框的快速演示：