We all know that it can often seem like Facebook are listening to your private conversations and part of the puzzle is that they have a pretty good idea of what you like and what you don’t like.
我们都知道，Facebook似乎经常在听您的私人对话，而令人困惑的部分是，他们对您喜欢和不喜欢的东西有很好的了解。
Another piece of the puzzle is that they can observe what you do on sites other than Facebook, which all comes down to businesses sharing your data between them.
另一个难题是，他们可以观察您在Facebook以外的网站上所做的事情，而这一切都取决于企业之间共享您的数据。
In this article I’ll be looking at what exactly they know about my web surfing and also asking the question: who else knows it?
在本文中，我将研究他们确切了解我的网络冲浪，并提出一个问题：还有谁知道？
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One of the files in my data download from Facebook was rather ominously titled “advertisers_who_uploaded_a_contact_list_with_your_information”. This contains examples of when an advertiser has uploaded a distribution/mailing list, shared that information with Facebook and my email address, name or Facebook account has been on that list.
我从Facebook下载的数据中有一个文件名不佳，标题为“ advertisers_who_uploaded_a_contact_list_with_your_information”。 这包含一个示例，说明广告商何时上载了分发/邮件列表，与Facebook共享了该信息以及我的电子邮件地址，姓名或Facebook帐户已位于该列表中。
My first thoughts: OK I can see there would be maybe 10–20 times I’ve signed up for something over the years and linked to my Facebook account just for convenience…there are 89 companies who have uploaded a contact list with my information. 89.
我的第一个想法：好的，我可以看到多年来签署某件事并链接到我的Facebook帐户大概是10到20次，只是为了方便……有89家公司上传了包含我的信息的联系人列表。 89。
Not only that, but of those 89 there were 13 companies who I have never heard of before in my life.
不仅如此，在这89家公司中，有13家我一生从未听说过的公司。
Of the 76 companies I knew, there were 32 who I didn’t expect to have my contact information. The remaining 44 were all companies I know I have signed up to at some point in my life, so were expected.
在我所知道的76家公司中，有32家我没想到会有我的联系方式。 剩下的44家公司都是我知道我一生中已经签约的公司，因此是可以预料的。
The 13 I had never heard of included 4 property/estate agents, 3 clothing companies, a solicitors and a special effects company. None of which I have any knowledge of ever giving my details. This isn’t to say it never happened however, unfortunately there is no information on when they first uploaded my contact information so it is hard for me to work out if they are legit. Some or all of them may have simply bought my contact details from another company.
我从未听说过的13家酒店包括4家房地产/房地产经纪人，3家服装公司，一名律师和一家特效公司。 我所提供的详细信息都一无所知。 这并不是说从未发生过，很遗憾，他们首次上传我的联系信息时没有任何信息，因此，如果他们合法，我将很难解决。 他们中的一些或全部可能只是从其他公司购买了我的联系方式。
快速点击 (Quick click)
On a related but different note, there is also information on how many times I have clicked on an advert while scrolling on Facebook.
在一个相关但又不同的注释上，也提供了有关我在Facebook上滚动时点击广告的次数的信息。
Again, I expected this to maybe be 10–20 times a year perhaps, when I see an advert for something that interests me…72 times in the last 2 months. I am extremely surprised at how often I click on adverts that I see on Facebook. Looking down the list of adverts I have clicked (I can only see the title of the ad not the company or context), there are many which I have no memory of clicking on but can imagine why I would.
再一次，我希望这可能是一年10到20次，这时我看到一则广告让我感兴趣…… 在过去2个月中有72次 。 我对我在Facebook上看到的广告点击的频率感到非常惊讶。 往下看，我单击的广告列表(我只能看到广告的标题，而不是公司或上下文)，有很多我没有点击的记忆，但可以想像为什么。
I think a key explanation of this is the use of sponsored posts for advertising. I’ll often see a news story, article or video which I think looks interesting and not stop and think ‘why am I seeing this?’ - and the answer to that question is somebody has paid for me to see it.
我认为对此的一个关键解释是使用赞助帖子进行广告。 我会经常看到新闻故事，文章或视频，我认为它们看起来很有趣，而不是停下来思考“我为什么看到这个？” -这个问题的答案是有人付钱给我看。
金矿 (The Gold Mine)
The data set of off-Facebook activity is fairly extensive - over 2700 ‘actions’ since July 2019. Each event gives a ‘location’ (usually a website) and a ‘type’ which can be one of 21 different types of interaction. Most of these actions (2594; 95.7%) fall into one of six categories, shown below. Some other types of event not shown below include ‘ADD_TO_CART’, ‘SUBSCRIBE’ and ‘ACHIEVEMENT_UNLOCKED’.
Facebook以外活动的数据集相当广泛-自2019年7月以来，已有2700多个“动作”。每个事件都给出一个“位置”(通常是一个网站)和一个“类型”，可以是21种不同类型的交互之一。 这些操作大多数(2594; 95.7％)属于以下六类之一。 下面未显示的其他一些事件类型包括“ ADD_TO_CART”，“ SUBSCRIBE”和“ ACHIEVEMENT_UNLOCKED”。
By far the most common recorded event is ‘ACTIVATE_APP’, which is pretty much what it says on the tin: for certain apps that I have on my phone, Facebook is notified every time I open them. The vast majority (~85%) of these 1051 events are from two apps: Medium (ironic) and Monzo (my main banking app).
到目前为止，最常见的已记录事件是“ ACTIVATE_APP”，几乎就是它在罐头上所说的：对于我手机上的某些应用程序，每次打开Facebook时都会收到通知。 在这1051个事件中， 绝大多数 ( 〜85 ％)来自两个应用程序： 中型 (讽刺)和Monzo (我的主要银行应用程序)。
Speaking of locations…there are 326 unique sources from which Facebook has received information about my online activity. 326 different websites, apps or businesses who have shared with Facebook what I am doing online. That is a staggering number to me and includes websites I have no memory of visiting whatsoever as well as lots which I simply didn’t expect Facebook to know or care about.
说到位置… ，有326个独特的来源，Facebook从这些来源获得了有关我的在线活动的信息 。 326个不同的网站，应用程序或企业已与Facebook分享了我在网上所做的事情。 这对我来说是一个惊人的数字，其中包括我没有任何访问过的网站以及我根本不希望Facebook知道或关心的很多网站。
Looking at the list of locations, it really is easy to see how this list would paint a picture of me as a person.
查看位置列表，很容易看到此列表将如何描绘我作为一个人的照片。
All my favourite brands and websites are on there - from the local coffee company I buy from, to travel sites for specific destinations I visited on a holiday to Switzerland last year. Anything I have a subscription with is on there. There is every news site I’ve visited, every restaurant for which I’ve booked a meal online, every app I’ve downloaded on my phone, every time I’ve booked a ticket somewhere or looked at a job advert or even just websites from when I’ve looked something up once (i.e. the inclusion of ‘bumblebeeconservation.org’).
我最喜欢的所有品牌和网站都在那儿-从我购买的当地咖啡公司，到我去年度假去瑞士的特定目的地的旅行网站。 我订阅的所有内容都在那里。 我访问过的每个新闻网站，在网上为其预订过饭的每家餐厅，在手机上下载的每个应用程序，每次在某处订票或查看工作广告甚至只是我曾经看过一次的网站(即包含“ bumblebeeconservation.org”)。
I am amazed at just how much information there is here when looking at where I go online, without even looking at what I’m doing when I get there.
我在那里只是多少的信息在这里看着我上网的时候在那里 ，连看都没看一眼，当我到达那里我在做什么惊讶。
Below you can see which of these websites have given Facebook the most information about me (in terms of volume) over the past 14 months.
在下面的列表中，您可以查看这些网站中哪些在过去14个月中为Facebook提供了有关我的最多信息(就数量而言)。
As mentioned above, the top two here are mostly notifications that I have opened the app. The next two are mostly informing that I have viewed content, although LinkedIn have sent a large number of ‘custom’ events so I’m not sure what they might look like - possibly something to do with looking at job adverts and descriptions.
如上所述，此处的前两个主要是我已打开该应用程序的通知。 接下来的两个通知主要是告知我我已查看了内容，尽管LinkedIn已发送了大量“自定义”事件，所以我不确定它们的外观-可能与查看工作广告和描述有关。
Unfortunately it isn’t possible for me to see exactly what is included in these events that Facebook can see, I’m only able to see what type of event it is. Even so, I want to give you an example of how you could make deductions about my life based on simply where I visit and when. The graph below shows the total number of events shared with Facebook, by time of the day. The colour represents the most common location for each half hour of the day (i.e. each bar represents total events in that half hour, not total events from a single location).
不幸的是，我无法完全看到Facebook可以看到的这些事件中包含的内容，而我只能看到它是什么类型的事件。 即便如此，我还是要给你一个例子，说明如何根据我访问的地点和时间来推断我的生活。 下图显示了一天中与Facebook分享的事件总数。 颜色代表一天中每半小时最常见的位置 (即，每个条形代表该半小时内的全部事件，而不是单个位置的全部事件)。
This shows again that Medium shares the most information with Facebook about my activities. Bear in mind that I do not think I use the Medium app very often at all so my impression is that Facebook can see every single time I open the app or press a link within it.
这再次表明，Medium与Facebook分享了有关我的活动的最多信息。 请记住，我认为我根本不经常使用Medium应用程序，因此，我的印象是Facebook每次打开该应用程序或按其中的链接都可以看到。
It seems I’m more likely to check my bank account at lunchtime or in the evenings (when I’m most likely to be spending money). You can also see quite clearly what time of day I’ll be eating if I get a takeaway (through JustEat) - between 6:30pm and 7pm. So if you want to advertise food delivery or takeaway to me, do it at 6pm.
看来我更有可能在午餐时间或晚上(最有可能花钱的时候)检查我的银行帐户。 您也可以很清楚地看到，如果我在6:30 pm至7pm之间通过外卖店(通过JustEat)外卖，我将在一天的什么时间进餐。 因此，如果您想向我广告食品配送或外卖，请在下午6点做。
I haven’t visited Hostelworld much at all (there are only 9 events in the whole dataset), but you can see it is the most common source of shared activity during the night. This will be down to the fact that I’ve only ever lookup up hostels when I’m abroad and the fact of the time difference.
我根本没有访问过Hostelworld(整个数据集中只有9个事件)，但是您可以看到它是夜间共享活动的最常见来源。 这归因于我只在国外旅行时才查找旅馆的事实以及时差的事实。
This is the fourth part of my series ‘What does Facebook actually know about me?’, where I use Data Science to analyse the 7,500 files of data Facebook have about me. See Part 1 for a first look at the data, Part 2 for visualisation of location data and Part 3 to find out what Facebook knows about my likes and dislikes (and why they aren’t listening to your conversations).
这是我的系列文章“ Facebook实际上了解我什么？”的第四部分，在那里我使用数据科学来分析Facebook关于我的7,500个数据文件。 请参阅第1部分，以首先查看数据 ， 第2部分，以可视化位置数据 ， 第3部分，以了解Facebook对我的好恶的了解(以及他们为什么不收听您的对话) 。
结果在 (The results are in)
So it seems that the answer to the title question of the series “What does Facebook actually know about me?” is “lots”.
因此，似乎该系列标题问题的答案“ Facebook实际上对我了解什么？ ”是“ 很多 ”。
Hopefully reading this series has made you think about the kinds of data you produce (and how you often don’t realise you are producing it), as well as the data which feeds in to everything you see on social media.
希望阅读本系列文章可以使您考虑产生的数据类型(以及如何经常不意识到自己在产生数据)，以及将数据馈送到社交媒体上看到的所有内容。
Nothing you see on your Facebook feed is there by chance. Although this can be convenient, it is also dangerous - leading to the well known issue of echo chambers on Facebook, which can be summarised in one ‘rule of social media’: you will be shown more of what you like. Remember that next time you see lots of a particular news story or trend and think it is ‘all over Facebook’ - your Facebook newsfeed is a reflection of you, not the world.
您在Facebook feed上看到的所有内容都不是偶然的 。 尽管这样做很方便，但也很危险-导致在Facebook上出现一个众所周知的回声室问题，可以在一个“社交媒体规则”中进行总结：向您展示更多您喜欢的东西 。 请记住，下次您看到很多特定的新闻故事或趋势，并认为它“遍及整个Facebook”时， 您的Facebook新闻源就是对您的反映，而不是对世界的反映。
Thanks for reading, if you haven’t read the other articles in this series then check them out at the links above. Also follow me and my publication Data Slice if you like this format of article and data analysis.
感谢您的阅读，如果您还没有阅读本系列的其他文章，请在上面的链接中查看。 如果您喜欢这种格式的文章和数据分析，也请关注我和我的出版物《数据切片》。
Tomorrow I will be posting the final article in this series (which is also a sequel to a previous article I have written) - ‘4.5 years of a relationship in Facebook activity’.
明天我将发布本系列的最后一篇文章(这也是我之前撰写的上一篇文章的续篇)-“ Facebook活动中4.5年的恋爱经历”。
翻译自: https://medium.com/data-slice/what-does-facebook-know-about-my-off-facebook-activity-47c02006c2f
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