python3 私有成员_Python中的私有成员

最新推荐文章于 2022-11-08 10:16:19 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-11-08 10:16:19 发布

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文章标签： python

原文链接：https://towardsdatascience.com/private-members-in-python-217baf02a162

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python3 私有成员

If you have prior experience with other programming languages (Java, C#, C++, Kotlin) and have leapt to learn python, you will definitely look for the private members to provide encapsulation as it is a key principle of object-oriented programming. Everyone does that until getting familiar with the “pythonic” way of coding style.

如果您具有其他编程语言(Java，C＃，C ++，Kotlin)的经验，并且打算学习python，那么您肯定会寻找私有成员来提供封装，因为这是面向对象编程的关键原理。每个人都会这样做 ，直到熟悉“ pythonic”编码风格。

Looking into the few resources over the internet I found quite interesting thoughts that are really insightful and humorous as well. You must have a look over this link which I liked most.

在浏览互联网上的一些资源时，我发现了很多有趣的想法，这些想法也很有见地和幽默。您必须先看一下我最喜欢的链接。

Python doesn’t stop you to access private and protected attributes and methods as they are public by default 😎. So, the implementation decision has been left for developers.

Python不会阻止您访问私有和受保护的属性和方法，因为默认情况下它们是公共的。因此，实施决策留给了开发人员。

Protected

受保护的

Single Underscore ( _ ) before fields and methods are used to indicate protected access-modifier.

字段和方法之前的单个下划线(_)用于指示受保护的访问修饰符。

class User:
    def __init__(self, username, password):
        self._username = username  # i act like a protected but you can change me
        self._password = password  # i act like a protected but you can change me
    def _login(self):
        print('i am like a protected method but you can access me')

Private

私人的

Double Underscore ( __ ) before fields and methods are used to indicate private access-modifier.

在使用字段和方法表示私有访问修饰符之前，请使用双下划线(__)。

class User:
    def __init__(self, username, password):
        self.__username = username  # i act like a private but you can change me
        self.__password = password  # i act like a private but you can change me
    def __login(self):
        print('i am like a private method but you can access me')

Access of Private Modifier

访问私有修饰符

class Doctor:
    def __init__(self,
                 name,
                 address,
                 specialities,
                 schedule,
                 degree):
        self.name = name
        self.address = address
        self.specialities = specialities
        self.schedule = schedule
        self.__degree = degree
    def __diagnose_patient(self):
        print(F'diagnosed patient bob by doctor {self.name}')
if __name__ == '__main__':
    doctor = Doctor('Dr. Bob', 'KTM', 'OPD', 'SUN: 7-8', 'MBBS')
    doctor._Doctor__diagnose_patient()

It can be seen in the above code snippet that the private method

可以在上面的代码片段中看到private方法

def __diagnose_patient(self): # convention class name + method name

can be accessed as

可以作为访问

doctor._Doctor__diagnose_patient()

It’s just convention, although these can be accessed. It is a clear way of conveying the message to fellow developers. Don’t use it without having a clear understanding of what exactly it does.

尽管可以访问这些，但这只是约定。这是向开发人员传达信息的一种清晰方法。 在没有清楚确切用途的情况下不要使用它 。