The Agile testing method refers to a collaborative approach towards software development that was created in 2001. In a more traditional software development model, the process is carried forward in a “waterfall” method, through executing a series of consecutive steps which are: requirements, design, implementation, verification and maintenance. Therefore, the waterfall method makes a distinctive divide between developers and testers since the design is created and implemented first and then verified. But the Agile process breaks through this order and bridges the sequential gap between developers and testers.
敏捷测试方法是指于2001年创建的软件开发协作方法。在更为传统的软件开发模型中，该过程以“瀑布式”方法进行，通过执行一系列连续步骤：需求，设计，实施，验证和维护。 因此，由于先创建并实施了设计，然后进行了验证，所以瀑布方法在开发人员和测试人员之间形成了明显的区别。 但是敏捷过程突破了这个顺序，弥合了开发人员和测试人员之间的顺序差距。
The Agile process has a more collaborative approach where the tossing of the program between the developing and testing teams is eliminated, therefore using fewer resources. The Agile method’s key point is that it combines development and testing functions intending to deliver a working code from the first implementation.
敏捷过程采用了一种更具协作性的方法，其中消除了开发团队和测试团队之间的繁琐工作，因此使用的资源更少。 敏捷方法的关键点在于，它结合了旨在从第一个实现中交付工作代码的开发和测试功能。
The Agile method incorporates testing at each phase to prioritize quality. Given that quality assurance is the primary objective of the Agile methodology, it is evident that every test at every stage is performed repetitively. This is where automation comes into play. Automating these Agile tests not only saves manual labor and time but also ensures that the development process is speedy, reliable, and reusable.
敏捷方法在每个阶段都包含测试以优先考虑质量。 鉴于质量保证是敏捷方法论的主要目标，很明显，每个阶段的每个测试都是重复执行的。 这就是自动化发挥作用的地方。 使这些敏捷测试自动化不仅可以节省人工和时间，而且可以确保开发过程快速，可靠和可重复使用。
What is Unit Testing?
什么是单元测试？
Unit tests are performed on individual software units, their data and associated usage procedures to check how compact they are. These tests are carried out on a smaller part of the code (which is called “unit”) and are intended to study how the unit behaves under controlled environments. Testers perform these tests using simulated objects to replicate the intended real-life user input. The values on which the QA experts execute the tests are previously determined.
对单个软件单元，其数据和相关的使用过程执行单元测试，以检查它们的紧凑程度。 这些测试是在代码的较小部分(称为“单元”)上进行的，旨在研究单元在受控环境下的行为。 测试人员使用模拟对象执行这些测试，以复制预期的真实用户输入。 质量保证专家执行测试所依据的值是事先确定的。
The point of unit testing is early detection and identification of as many errors as possible at a very early stage of development and then automating the test procedure for every code change in the system. This way, the developing team is the primary stakeholder in building a working program that will proceed to the next stage of QA only when it is functional. This process cuts down unnecessary delays in the development process and gets things moving faster while saving an organization’s expenses.
单元测试的重点是在开发的早期阶段尽早发现并识别出尽可能多的错误，然后针对系统中的每个代码更改自动执行测试过程。 这样，开发团队是制定工作计划的主要利益相关者，该计划只有在其正常运行时才会进入质量检查的下一阶段。 此过程减少了开发过程中不必要的延迟，并加快了工作进度，同时节省了组织的费用。
So, unit testing allows you to check the functionality of each of the constituent parts of a program individually before putting them together, instead of creating the whole code first and then testing it for errors.
因此，单元测试允许您在将程序的各个组成部分放在一起之前分别检查它们的功能，而不必先创建整个代码，然后再对其进行测试以检查错误。
Why do Agile projects need Unit testing?
为什么敏捷项目需要单元测试？
The Agile and unit testing processes are connected closely, and automated unit tests have various advantages that support the principles of Agile development.
敏捷和单元测试过程紧密相连，自动化的单元测试具有支持敏捷开发原理的各种优势。
- Automated unit tests in Agile testing produces faster and more flawless codes because Quality engineers can identify the glitches at the earlier stages. 敏捷测试中的自动化单元测试产生更快，更完美的代码，因为质量工程师可以在早期阶段识别出故障。
- Unit testing increases the probability of proper function of new features at the first delivery because developers deliver working code. 单元测试增加了初次交付时新功能正常运行的可能性，因为开发人员交付了工作代码。
- Unit tests can trace the precise location of an issue in a code when they fail, assisting the developer in fixing it promptly. 当单元测试失败时，它们可以在代码中跟踪问题的精确位置，从而帮助开发人员Swift解决问题。
- Unit tests are highly competent in identifying bugs in regression and saves time, which developers would otherwise waste in sending the code back and forth among development and QA teams. 单元测试在识别回归中的错误方面非常有能力，并节省了时间，否则开发人员会浪费时间在开发和QA团队之间来回发送代码。
Unit testing imparts developers with confidence that even after they make changes to the code, it will not impact the functionality of the product. Unit testing prevents sprints from being bogged down, as it will save developers’ time in fixing regression bugs. It also maintains code quality, ensuring that it does not become legacy code.
单元测试使开发人员充满信心，即使他们更改了代码，也不会影响产品的功能。 单元测试可防止sprint陷入困境，因为它将节省开发人员修复回归bug的时间。 它还保持代码质量，确保它不会成为遗留代码。
So, what are the benefits of automating unit tests for your Agile project?
那么，为您的敏捷项目自动化单元测试有什么好处？
Less time in execution: Opting for automation means going for a more efficient development process. Automated testing allows for “fail fast,” which refers to the early detection of bugs and glitches in the code since every single step is run under tests. Finding bugs and fixing them at an earlier stage is much more cost-effective as well as timesaving. Continuous testing also ensures speedier time to market. It allows developers and testers to dedicate their time to designing more relevant software features instead of having to worry about manual testing.
执行时间更少：选择自动化意味着需要更有效的开发流程。 自动化测试允许“快速失败”，这是指由于每个步骤都在测试下运行，因此可以及早发现代码中的错误和故障。 发现错误并在早期进行修复可以节省更多成本，并且节省时间。 连续测试还确保了更快的上市时间。 它使开发人员和测试人员可以将时间用于设计更多相关的软件功能，而不必担心手动测试。
Reusable test cases: Developers can easily reuse the same test cases multiple times under the same or altered environments. The tasks are usually repetitive, and the test designs are comparatively simple. Every time a new bug is detected, it is recorded automatically, bringing down maintenance cost several notches. Using the same test cases for different approaches saves time and money and cuts down the possibilities of human error, thus providing more accurate results with half the budget.
可重用的测试用例 ：开发人员可以在相同或更改的环境下轻松地多次重用相同的测试用例。 这些任务通常是重复的，并且测试设计相对简单。 每次检测到新错误时，都会自动记录下来，从而使维护成本降低了多个等级。 将相同的测试用例用于不同的方法可以节省时间和金钱，并减少人为错误的可能性，从而以一半的预算提供更准确的结果。
Maximum test coverage: Since automated testing sets testers free from the burden of manually carrying out the procedures, they can design test suites for every single feature of the software, thus providing a more significant coverage than traditional testing. Automated testing allows us to run several complicated test cases simultaneously, allowing the team to build a more holistic, high-quality product.
最大的测试覆盖范围：由于自动测试使测试人员摆脱了手动执行程序的负担，因此他们可以针对软件的每个功能设计测试套件，从而提供了比传统测试更大的覆盖范围。 自动化测试使我们可以同时运行多个复杂的测试用例，从而使团队可以构建更全面，更高质量的产品。
More precise results: Automated testing guarantees accuracy by eliminating the human element from the scenario. It also keeps a record of the test results for each time, allowing teams to review and alter them.
更精确的结果：自动化测试通过消除场景中的人为因素来保证准确性。 它还每次都记录测试结果，以使团队可以查看和更改它们。
Cost-effective solution: Even though the initial investment into automated testing may seem a lot, it saves costs in the long run. Less manual labor, early bug fixing, and collaboration between developers and testers ensure that the production cost is minimal. The resources spent are significantly less, while the product is of the most exceptional quality.
具有成本效益的解决方案 ：尽管对自动化测试的最初投资似乎很多，但从长远来看，它可以节省成本。 更少的体力劳动，早期的错误修复以及开发人员和测试人员之间的协作确保了生产成本的最小化。 花费的资源明显更少，而产品的质量却最为出色。
Better performing design: Test automation allows for a full coverage testing process, thus ensuring high-quality software. It also enables testers to check how the program will behave in the future by changing the creation date in the database.
更好的性能设计： 测试自动化允许完整的覆盖测试过程，从而确保了高质量的软件。 它还可以使测试人员通过更改数据库中的创建日期来检查程序将来的行为。
Since you would conduct unit testing at the code level, it benefits the entire Agile process. Automating this type of testing ensures that the fundamentals are in place and functional from the get-go, creating a seamless, cost-effective product in very little time.
由于您将在代码级别进行单元测试，因此它将使整个敏捷过程受益。 自动化这种类型的测试可确保从一开始就已经具备了基础知识和功能，并在极短的时间内创建了无缝的，具有成本效益的产品。
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