虽然Java中已经有了Dom和Sax这两种标准解析方式
但其操作起来并不轻松,对于我这么一个初学者来说,其中部分代码是活生生的恶心
为此,伟大的第三方开发组开发出了Jdom和Dom4j等工具
鉴于目前的趋势,我们这里来讲讲Dom4j的基本用法,不涉及递归等复杂操作
Dom4j的用法很多,官网上的示例有那么点儿晦涩,这里就不写了
首先我们需要出创建一个xml文档,然后才能对其解析
xml文档:
代码如下:
Harry PotterJ K. Rowling
Learning XMLErik T. Ray
示例一:用List列表的方式来解析xml
复制代码代码如下:
importjava.io.File;importjava.util.List;importorg.dom4j.Attribute;importorg.dom4j.Document;importorg.dom4j.Element;importorg.dom4j.io.SAXReader;public classDemo {public static void main(String[] args) throwsException {
SAXReader reader= newSAXReader();
File file= new File("books.xml");
Document document=reader.read(file);
Element root=document.getRootElement();
List childElements =root.elements();for(Element child : childElements) {//未知属性名情况下
/*List attributeList = child.attributes();
for (Attribute attr : attributeList) {
System.out.println(attr.getName() + ": " + attr.getValue());
}*/
//已知属性名情况下
System.out.println("id: " + child.attributeValue("id"));//未知子元素名情况下
/*List elementList = child.elements();
for (Element ele : elementList) {
System.out.println(ele.getName() + ": " + ele.getText());
}
System.out.println();*/
//已知子元素名的情况下
System.out.println("title" + child.elementText("title"));
System.out.println("author" + child.elementText("author"));//这行是为了格式化美观而存在
System.out.println();
}
}
}
示例二:使用Iterator迭代器的方式来解析xml
代码如下:
import java.io.File;
import java.util.Iterator;
import org.dom4j.Attribute;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
Document document = reader.read(new File("books.xml"));
Element root = document.getRootElement();
Iterator it = root.elementIterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
Element element = (Element) it.next();
//未知属性名称情况下
/*Iterator attrIt = element.attributeIterator();
while (attrIt.hasNext()) {
Attribute a = (Attribute) attrIt.next();
System.out.println(a.getValue());
}*/
//已知属性名称情况下
System.out.println("id: " + element.attributeValue("id"));
//未知元素名情况下
/*Iterator eleIt = element.elementIterator();
while (eleIt.hasNext()) {
Element e = (Element) eleIt.next();
System.out.println(e.getName() + ": " + e.getText());
}
System.out.println();*/
//已知元素名情况下
System.out.println("title: " + element.elementText("title"));
System.out.println("author: " + element.elementText("author"));
System.out.println();
}
}
}
运行结果:
示例三:创建xml文档并输出到文件
复制代码代码如下:
importjava.io.File;importjava.io.FileOutputStream;importorg.dom4j.Document;importorg.dom4j.DocumentHelper;importorg.dom4j.Element;importorg.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;importorg.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;public classDemo {public static void main(String[] args) throwsException {
Document doc=DocumentHelper.createDocument();//增加根节点
Element books = doc.addElement("books");//增加子元素
Element book1 = books.addElement("book");
Element title1= book1.addElement("title");
Element author1= book1.addElement("author");
Element book2= books.addElement("book");
Element title2= book2.addElement("title");
Element author2= book2.addElement("author");//为子节点添加属性
book1.addAttribute("id", "001");//为元素添加内容
title1.setText("Harry Potter");
author1.setText("J K. Rowling");
book2.addAttribute("id", "002");
title2.setText("Learning XML");
author2.setText("Erik T. Ray");//实例化输出格式对象
OutputFormat format =OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();//设置输出编码
format.setEncoding("UTF-8");//创建需要写入的File对象
File file = new File("D:" + File.separator + "books.xml");//生成XMLWriter对象,构造函数中的参数为需要输出的文件流和格式
XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(newFileOutputStream(file), format);//开始写入,write方法中包含上面创建的Document对象
writer.write(doc);
}
}
运行结果: