unity android texture compression,关于Unity中Texture压缩问题

Texture compression formats for platform-specific overrides

While Unity supports many common image formats as source files for

importing your (such as JPG, PNG, PSD

and TGA), these formats are not used during

realtime rendering by 3D graphics hardware

such as a graphics card or mobile device. 3D graphics hardware

requires Textures to be compressed in specialized formats which are

optimised for fast Texture sampling. The various different

platforms and devices available each have their own different

proprietary formats.

By default, the Unity Editor automatically converts Textures to the

most appropriate format to match the build target you have

selected. Only the converted Textures are included in your build;

your source Asset files are left in their

original format, in your

project’s Assets folder.

However, on most platforms there are a number of different

supported Texture compression formats to

choose from. Unity has certain default formats set up for each

platform, but in some situations you may want to override the

default and pick a different compression format for

some of your Textures (for example, if you are using a Texture as a

mask, with only one channel, you might choose to use the BC4 format

to save space while preserving quality).

To apply custom settings for each platform, use

the Texture

Importer to set default options, then use

the Platform-specific

overrides panel to override those defaults

for specific platforms.

Default internal Texture

representation per platform

The following table shows the default formats used for each

platform.

Platform

Color model

None

Normal quality

(Default)

High quality

Low quality (higher

performance)

Windows, Linux, macOS, PS4, XBox

One

RGB

RGB 24 bit

RGB Compressed DXT1

RGB(A) Compressed BC7

RGB Compressed DXT1

RGBA

RGBA 32 bit

RGBA Compressed DXT5

RGB(A) Compressed BC7

RGBA Compressed DXT5

HDR

RGBA Half

RGB Compressed BC6H

RGB Compressed BC6H

RGB Compressed BC6H

WebGL

RGB

RGB 24 bit

RGB Compressed DXT1

RGB Compressed DXT1

RGB Compressed DXT1

RGBA

RGBA 32 bit

RGBA Compressed DXT5

RGBA Compressed DXT5

RGBA Compressed DXT5

Android (default subTarget)

RGB

RGB 24 bit

RGB Compressed ETC

RGB Compressed ETC

RGB Compressed ETC

RGBA

RGBA 32 bit

RGBA Compressed ETC2

RGBA Compressed ETC2

RGBA Compressed ETC2

iOS

RGB

RGB 24 bit

RGB Compressed PVRTC 4 bits

RGB Compressed PVRTC 4 bits

RGB Compressed PVRTC 2 bits

RGBA

RGBA 32 bit

RGBA Compressed PVRTC 4 bits

RGBA Compressed PVRTC 4 bits

RGBA Compressed PVRTC 2 bits

tvOS

RGB

RGB 24 bit

RGB Compressed ASTC 6x6 block

RGB Compressed ASTC 4x4 block

RGB Compressed ASTC 8x8 block

RGBA

RGBA 32 bit

RGBA Compressed ASTC 6x6 block

RGBA Compressed ASTC 4x4 block

RGBA Compressed ASTC 8x8 block

RGBA

RGBA 32 bit

RGBA 16 bit

RGBA 16 bit

RGBA 16 bit

All supported Texture compression formats

The following table shows the Texture

compression format options available on

each platform, and the resulting compressed file size (based on a

256px-square image). Choosing a Texture compression format is a

balance between file size and quality; the higher the quality, the

greater the file size. In the description below, see the final file

size of a in-game Texture of 256 by

256 pixels.

When you use a Texture compression format that is not supported on

the target platform, the Textures are decompressed to RGBA 32 and

stored in memory alongside the compressed Textures. When this

happens, time is lost decompressing Textures, and memory is lost

because you are storing them twice. In addition, all platforms have

different hardware, and are optimised to work most efficiently with

specific compression formats; choosing non-compatible formats can

impact your game’s performance. The table below shows supported

platforms for each compression format.

Notes on the table below:

RGB is a

color model in which red, green and blue are added together in

various ways to reproduce a broad array

of

RGBA is a

version of RGB with an alpha

channel, which supports blending and opacity alteration.

Crunch

compressionis a lossy compression format

(meaning that parts of the data are lost during compression) on

top of DXT or ETC Texture compression. Textures are decompressed to

DXT or ETC on the CPU, and then uploaded to the GPU at run time.

Crunch compression helps the Texture use the lowest possible amount

of space on disk and for downloads. Crunch Textures can take a long

time to compress, but decompression at run time is very fast.

Texture compression

format

Description

Size

for a 256x256 pixel Texture

Platform Support

RGB Compressed DXT1

Compressed unsigned normalised integer RGB Texture.

32KB (4 bits per pixel)

Windows, Linux, macOS, PS4, XBox One, Android (Nvidia Tegra and

Intel Bay Trail), WebGL

Note: With linear

rendering on web browser that doesn’t support

sRGB DXT, textures are uncompressed at run time to RGBA32.

RGB Crunched DXT1

Similar to RGB Compressed DXT1, but compressed using Crunch

compression. See Notes, above, for more on crunch compression.

Variable, depending on the complexity of the content in the

texture.

Windows, Linux, macOS, PS4, XBox One, Android (Nvidia Tegra and

Intel Bay Trail), WebGL

Note: With linear

rendering on a web browser that doesn’t

support sRGB DXT, textures are uncompressed at run time to

RGBA32.

RGBA Compressed DXT5

Compressed unsigned normalised integer RGBA Texture. 8 bits per

pixel.

64KB (8 bits per pixel)

Windows, Linux, macOS, PS4, XBox One, Android (Nvidia Tegra and

Intel Bay Trail), WebGL

Note: With linear

rendering on a web browser that doesn’t

support sRGB DXT, textures are uncompressed at run time to

RGBA32.

RGBA Crunched DXT5

Similar to RGBA Compressed DXT5, but compressed using Crunch

compression. See Notes, above, for more on crunch compression.

Variable, depending on the complexity of the content in the

texture.

Windows, Linux, macOS, PS4, XBox One, Android (Nvidia Tegra and

Intel Bay Trail), WebGL

Note: With linear

rendering on a web browser that doesn’t

support sRGB DXT, textures are uncompressed at run time to

RGBA32.

RGB Compressed BC6H

Compressed unsigned float/High Dynamic Range (HDR) RGB

Texture.

64KB (8 bits per pixel)

Windows Direct3D 11: OpenGL 4, Linux.

Note: BC6H Textures are uncompressed at run time to RGBA half on

the following platform configurations:

- macOS with OpenGL

- Platforms with Direct3D 10 Shader Model 4 or OpenGL 3 GPUs.

RGB(A) Compressed BC7

High-quality compressed unsigned normalised integer RGB or RGBA

Texture.

64KB (8 bits per pixel)

Windows Direct3D 11: OpenGL 4, Linux

Note: BC7 Textures are uncompressed at run time to RGBA 32bits on

the following platform configurations:

- macOS with OpenGL

- Platforms with Direct3D 10 Shader Model 4

Platforms with OpenGL 3 GPUs.

RGB Compressed ETC

Compressed RGB Texture. This is the default texture compression

format for textures without an alpha channel for Android

projects.

32KB (4 bits per pixel)

Android, iOS, tvOS.

Note: ETC1 is supported by all OpenGL ES 2.0 GPUs. It does not

support alpha.

RGB Crunched ETC

Similar to RGB Compressed ETC, but compressed using Crunch

compression. See Notes above for more on crunch compression.

Variable, depending on the complexity of the content in the

texture.

Android, iOS, tvOS.

RGB Compressed ETC2

Compressed RGB Texture.

32KB (4 bits per pixel)

Android (OpenGL ES 3.0)

Note: On Android platforms that don’t support ETC2, the texture is

uncompressed at run time to the format specified

by ETC2

fallback in the Build Settings.

RGBA Compressed ETC2

Compressed RGBA Texture. This is the default Texture compression

format for textures with alpha channel for Android projects.

64KB (8 bits per pixel)

Android (OpenGL ES 3.0), iOS (OpenGL ES 3.0), tvOS (OpenGL ES

3.0)

Note: On iOS and tvOS devices that don’t support ETC2, the texture

is uncompressed at run time to RGBA32. On Android platforms that

don’t support ETC2, the texture is uncompressed at run time to the

format specified by ETC2 fallback in the

Build Settings.

RGBA Crunched ETC2

Similar to RGBA Compressed ETC2, but compressed using Crunch

compression. See Notes above for more on crunch compression.

Variable, depending on the complexity of the content in the

texture.

Android (OpenGL ES 3.0), iOS (OpenGL ES 3.0), tvOS (OpenGL ES

3.0)

Note: On iOS and tvOS devices that don’t support ETC2, the texture

is uncompressed at run time to RGBA32. On Android platforms that

don’t support ETC2, the texture is uncompressed at run time to the

format specified by ETC2 fallback in the

Build Settings.

RGB Compressed ASTC

Variable block size compressed RGB Texture.

12x12: 0.89 bits per pixel (7.56KB for a 256x256 Texture)

10x10: 1.28 bits per pixel (10.56KB for a 256x256 Textures)

8x8: 2 bits per pixel (16KB for a 256x256 Texture);

6x6: 3.56 bits per pixel (28.89KB for a 256x256 Texture)

5x5: 5.12 bits per pixel (42.25KB for a 256x256 Texture)

4x4: 8 bits per pixel (64KB for a 256x256 Texture)

tvOS (all), iOS (A8), Android (PowerVR 6XT, Mali T600 series,

Adreno 400 series, Tegra K1).

RGBA Compressed ASTC

Variable block size compressed RGBA Texture.

12x12: 0.89 bits per pixel (7744 bytes for a 256x256 Texture)

10x10: 1.28 bits per pixel (10816 bytes for a 256x256

Textures)

8x8: 2 bits per pixel (16KB for a 256x256 Texture);

6x6: 3.56 bits per pixel (29584 bytes for a 256x256 Texture)

5x5: 5.12 bits per pixel (43264 bytes for a 256x256 Texture)

4x4: 8 bits per pixel (64KB for a 256x256 Texture)

tvOS (all), iOS (A8), Android (PowerVR 6XT, Mali T600 series,

Adreno 400 series, Tegra K1).

RGB Compressed PVRTC 2 bits

High-compression RGB Texture. Low quality, but lower size,

resulting in higher performance.

16KB (2 bits per pixel)

Android (PowerVR), iOS, tvOS.

RGBA Compressed PVRTC 2 bits

High-compression RGBA Texture. Low quality, but lower size,

resulting in higher performance.

16KB (2 bits per pixel)

Android (PowerVR), iOS, tvOS.

RGB Compressed PVRTC 4 bits

Compressed RGB Texture. High-quality Textures, particularly on

color data, but can take a long time to compress.

32KB (4 bits per pixel)

Android (PowerVR), iOS, tvOS.

RGBA Compressed PVRTC 4 bits

Compressed RGB Texture. High-quality Textures, particularly on

color data, but can take a long time to compress.

32KB (4 bits per pixel)

Android (PowerVR), iOS, tvOS.

RGB Compressed ATC

Compressed RGB Texture.

32KB (4 bits per pixel)

Android (Qualcomm - Adreno), iOS, tvOS.

RGBA Compressed ATC

Compressed RGBA Texture.

64KB (8 bits per pixel)

Android (Qualcomm - Adreno), iOS, tvOS.

RGB 16 bit

65 thousand colors with no alpha. Uses more memory than the

compressed formats, but could be more suitable

for UI or crisp Textures

without gradients.

128KB (16 bits per pixel)

All platforms.

RGB 24 bit

True color, but without alpha.

192KB (24 bits per pixel)

All platforms

Alpha 8

High-quality alpha channel, but without any color.

64KB (8 bits per pixel)

All platforms.

RGBA 16 bit

Low-quality true color. This is the default compression for

Textures that have an alpha channel.

128KB (16 bits per pixel)

All platforms.

RGBA 32 bit

True color with alpha. This is the highest quality compression for

Textures that have an alpha channel.

256KB (32 bits per pixel)

All platforms.

You can import Textures from DDS files, but only DXT, BC compressed

formats, or uncompressed pixel formats are supported.

Notes on Android

Unless you’re targeting specific hardware (such as Tegra), ETC2

compression is the most efficient option for Android, offering the

best balance of quality and file size (with associated memory size

requirements). If you need an alpha channel, you could store it

externally and still benefit from a lower Texture file size.

You can use ETC1 for Textures that have

an alpha

channel, but only if the build is for Android and the Textures

are placed on an atlas (by specifying the packing tag). To enable

this, tick the Compress using

ETC1 checkbox for the Texture. Unity splits

the resulting atlas into two Textures, each without an alpha

channel, and then combines them in the final parts of the render

pipeline.

To store an alpha channel in a Texture, use RGBA16 bit compression,

which is supported by all hardware vendors.