2 logging模块使用
2.1 基本使用
配置logging基本的设置,然后在控制台输出日志,
import logging
logging.basicConfig(level = logging.INFO,format = '%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
logger.info("Start print log")
logger.debug("Do something")
logger.warning("Something maybe fail.")
logger.info("Finish")
运行时,控制台输出,
2020-11-20 10:34:02,250 - --name-- - INFO - start print log
2020-11-20 10:34:02,251 - --name-- - WARNING - something maybe fail
2020-11-20 10:34:02,251 - --name-- - INFO - Finish
logging中可以选择很多消息级别,如:DEBUG,INFO,WARNING,ERROR,CRITICAL,通过赋予logger或者handler不同的级别,开发者就可以只输出错误信息到特定的记录文件,或者在调试时只记录调试信息。
将logger的级别改为DEBUG,
logging.basicConfig(level = logging.DEBUG,format = '%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')
再观察一下输出结果
从输出结果可以看到,输出了debug的日志记录
2020-11-20 10:35:29,566 - --name-- - INFO - start print log
2020-11-20 10:35:29,566 - --name-- - DEBUG - Do something
2020-11-20 10:35:29,567 - --name-- - WARNING - something maybe fail
2020-11-20 10:35:29,568 - --name-- - INFO - Finish
2.2 将日志写入到文件
2.2.1 将日志写入到文件
logger = logging.getLogger()
logger.setLevel(level=logging.INFO)
handler = logging.FileHandler('log.txt')
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')
handler.setFormatter(formatter)
logger.addHandler(handler)
2.2.2 将日志同时输出到屏幕和日志文件
logger中添加StreamHandler,可以将日志输出到屏幕上
import logging
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
logger.setLevel(level = logging.INFO)
handler = logging.FileHandler("log.txt")
handler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')
handler.setFormatter(formatter)
console = logging.StreamHandler()
console.setLevel(logging.INFO)
logger.addHandler(handler)
logger.addHandler(console)
logger.info("Start print log")
logger.debug("Do something")
logger.warning("Something maybe fail.")
logger.info("Finish")
可以在log.txt和控制台中看到
2020-11-20 10:59:29,934 - root - INFO - start print log
2020-11-20 10:59:29,934 - root - WARNING - Something maybe fail
2020-11-20 10:59:29,934 - root - INFO - finish
可以发现,logging有一个日志处理的主对象,其他处理方式都是通过addHandler添加进去,logging中包含的handler主要有如下几种,
handler名称:位置;作用