curve_fit的文档:https://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.optimize.curve_fit.html
注意:拟合分布是 已知分布,拟合参数!
官方教程
"""拟合任意分布"""
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from scipy.optimize import curve_fit
import numpy as np
def func(x, a, b, c): # 用来拟合的方程
return a * np.exp(-b * x) + c
def get_xy():
xdata: np.ndarray = np.linspace(0, 4, 50) # x值
y = func(xdata, 2.5, 1.3, 0.5)
rng = np.random.default_rng()
y_noise = 0.2 * rng.normal(size=xdata.size)
ydata: np.ndarray = y + y_noise # 拟合的数据 y
return xdata, ydata
if __name__ == '__main__':
x_value, y_value = get_xy()
popt, pcov = curve_fit(func, x_value, y_value)
# 绘图
plt.plot(x_value, y_value, 'b-', label='data')
plt.plot(x_value, func(x_value, *popt), 'r-',
label='fit: a=%5.3f, b=%5.3f, c=%5.3f' % tuple(popt))
# 这个写法是加一个限制:0 <= a <= 3, 0 <= b <= 1 and 0 <= c <= 0.5
popt_2, pcov_2 = curve_fit(func, x_value, y_value, bounds=([0, 0, 0.5], [3., 1., 1]))
plt.plot(x_value, func(x_value, *popt_2), 'g--',
label='fit: a=%5.3f, b=%5.3f, c=%5.3f' % tuple(popt_2))
plt.xlabel('x')
plt.ylabel('y')
plt.legend()
plt.show()
简易的用法
更换
from scipy.optimize import curve_fit
import numpy as np
def func(x, a, b, c): # 用来拟合的方程
return a * np.exp(-b * x) + c
def get_xy():
xdata: np.ndarray = np.linspace(0, 4, 50) # x值
y = func(xdata, 2.5, 1.3, 0.5)
rng = np.random.default_rng()
y_noise = 0.2 * rng.normal(size=xdata.size)
ydata: np.ndarray = y + y_noise # 拟合的数据 y
return xdata, ydata
if __name__ == '__main__':
x_value, y_value = get_xy()
popt, pcov = curve_fit(func, x_value, y_value) # 拟合分布
y_pred = func(x_value, *popt) # 预测结果