c语言time函数详解,C语言Time函数

1、 time() 获取当前时间

time_t timer;

time(&timer);

相当于 timer = time(NULL); 或 timer = time(0);

可用于随机数的生成。

srand( (unsigned)time(0));

2、localtime() 把一个时间戳转换 年月日表示格式

3、ctime() 把一个 时间戳转换为 年月日表示的字符串

char* ctime (const time_t * timer);

struct tm * date;

time_t now;

time(&now);

date = localtime(&now);

//ctime() 演示

char * datestr;

datestr = ctime(&now);

//mktime 演示

time_t resTm = mktime(date);

//strftime

cout << now << endl;

cout << date->tm_year << " " << date->tm_mon << " " << date->tm_mday << endl;

cout << datestr << endl;

cout << resTm << endl;

4 differtime 返回相隔的时(以秒为单位)

double difftime (time_t end, time_t beginning);

5 strftime()

size_t strftime (char* ptr, size_t maxsize, const char* format,

const struct tm* timeptr );

把 timeptr 所指向的 时间格式化显示， 放在 pstr中。

specifier Replaced by Example

%a

Abbreviated weekday name *

Thu

%A

Full weekday name *

Thursday

%b

Abbreviated month name *

Aug

%B

Full month name *

August

%c

Date and time representation *

Thu Aug 23 14:55:02 2001

%C

Year divided by 100 and truncated to integer (00-99)

20

%d

Day of the month, zero-padded (01-31)

23

%D

ShortMM/DD/YYdate, equivalent to%m/%d/%y

08/23/01

%e

Day of the month, space-padded (1-31)

23

%F

ShortYYYY-MM-DDdate, equivalent to%Y-%m-%d

2001-08-23

%g

Week-based year, last two digits (00-99)

01

%G

Week-based year

2001

%h

Abbreviated month name * (same as%b)

Aug

%H

Hour in 24h format (00-23)

14

%I

Hour in 12h format (01-12)

02

%j

Day of the year (001-366)

235

%m

Month as a decimal number (01-12)

08

%M

Minute (00-59)

55

%n

New-line character ('\n')

%p

AM or PM designation

PM

%r

12-hour clock time *

02:55:02 pm

%R

24-hourHH:MMtime, equivalent to%H:%M

14:55

%S

Second (00-61)

02

%t

Horizontal-tab character ('\t')

%T

ISO 8601 time format (HH:MM:SS), equivalent to%H:%M:%S

14:55:02

%u

ISO 8601 weekday as number with Monday as1(1-7)

4

%U

Week number with the first Sunday as the first day of week one (00-53)

33

%V

ISO 8601 week number (00-53)

34

%w

Weekday as a decimal number with Sunday as0(0-6)

4

%W

Week number with the first Monday as the first day of week one (00-53)

34

%x

Date representation *

08/23/01

%X

Time representation *

14:55:02

%y

Year, last two digits (00-99)

01

%Y

Year

2001

%z

ISO 8601 offset from UTC in timezone (1 minute=1, 1 hour=100)

If timezone cannot be termined, no characters

+100

%Z

Timezone name or abbreviation *

If timezone cannot be termined, no characters

CDT

%%

A%sign

%

* The specifiers marked with an asterisk (*) are locale-dependent.

Note:

Yellow rows indicate specifiers and sub-specifiers introduced by C99. Since C99, two locale-specific modifiers can also be inserted between the percentage sign (

%

) and the specifier proper to request an alternative format, where applicable:

Modifier Meaning Applies to

E

Uses the locale's alternative representation

%Ec %EC %Ex %EX %Ey %EY

O

Uses the locale's alternative numeric symbols

%Od %Oe %OH %OI %Om %OM %OS %Ou %OU %OV %Ow %OW %Oy