直方图均衡化主要是为了增强图像的对比度,是直方图分布更加均匀
概念可以参考其他博客的介绍。
主要分为以下几个主要步骤:
1.统计每一个灰度级的像素总数
2.计算每一个灰度级的概率(P(valueNumber)/piexelNumber,该灰度级像素除以像素总数)
3.累积概率,例如:p1=0.01,p2=0.01,p3=0.02,则累积概率为p1 p1+p2 p1+p2+p3;
4.将灰度值映射为: 灰度级*该灰度级累积概率值
原图:
直方图均衡化之后:
代码如下:
#include "opencv2/opencv.hpp"
#include "opencv2/core.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgproc.hpp"
#include "iostream"
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
bool EqualizeHist(Mat gray, Mat result)
{
map<int, int>mp;
for (int i = 0; i < gray.rows; i++)
{
uchar* ptr = (uchar*)gray.data + i * gray.cols;
for (int j = 0; j < gray.cols; j++)
{
int value = ptr[j];
mp[value]++;
}
}
map<int, double>valuePro;
double sumPro = 0.0;
int sumPixel = gray.cols*gray.rows;
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{
sumPro += (1.0*mp[i]) / sumPixel;
valuePro[i] = sumPro;
}
for (int i = 0; i < gray.rows; i++)
{
uchar* ptr1 = (uchar*)gray.data + i * gray.cols;
for (int j = 0; j < gray.cols; j++)
{
int value = ptr1[j];
double p = valuePro[value];
result.at<uchar>(i, j) = value * p;
}
}
return true;
}
int main()
{
Mat srcImage = imread("IMG4_MRF_focus.tif");
Mat image = imread("IMG4_MRF_focus.tif");
Mat imageRGB[3];
split(srcImage, imageRGB);
//Mat image1[3];
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
EqualizeHist(imageRGB[i], imageRGB[i]);
}
merge(imageRGB,3, srcImage);
imshow("原图", image);
imshow("直方图", srcImage);
waitKey();
return 0;
}