java多线程协作Semaphore

Semaphore的意思是信号量, 多线程中使用此类控制并发量, 常用的方法有acquire() 和 release() 

Semaphore没有空参构造, 创建对象时必须传入一个permits 值, 代表最大并发数; 当permits = 1 时 ,代表单线程

下面看一个例子

package _Semaphore;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;

public class SemaphoreDemo {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(1);
		for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
			ExecutorService newCachedThreadPool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
			newCachedThreadPool.execute(new Runnable() {
				
				@Override
				public void run() {
					try {
						semaphore.acquire();
						Thread.sleep(1000);
					} catch (InterruptedException e) {
					}
					System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" 执行");
					semaphore.release();
				}
			});
			
		}
		
	}
}

运行的结果是

pool-1-thread-1 执行
pool-3-thread-1 执行
pool-2-thread-1 执行
pool-4-thread-1 执行
pool-5-thread-1 执行

注意打印每一行都有一秒的间隔 , 

 

多线程应用中 , 只要增加permits 值即可;

需要注意的是acquire() 和 release()  方法中 都可以传入 permits 值, 表示请求和释放信号量的值, 一般情况下, 请求和释放的值是匹配的(相等) 

下面例子中, semaphore 对象中 的permits 值是10 , 线程中每个请求都占用4 个permits , 所以并发量是 10/4 = 2;

package _Semaphore;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;

public class SemaphoreDemo {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(10);
		for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
			ExecutorService newCachedThreadPool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
			newCachedThreadPool.execute(new Runnable() {
				
				@Override
				public void run() {
					try {
						semaphore.acquire(4);
						Thread.sleep(1000);
					} catch (InterruptedException e) {
					}
					System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" 执行");
					semaphore.release(4);
				}
			});
			
		}
		
	}
}