java多线程协作CyclicBarrier

CyclicBarrier 字面意思是循环拦截器, 是java current包下的多线程协作的类, 创建此类必须出入一个 parties 值, 如果拦截的线程数达到 parties 值, 则会释放拦截的锁, 相关线程得以继续执行, 另外创建类对象时也可以在传入一个 Runnable 对象, 表示如果CyclicBarrier  达到释放锁的条件, 首先会开启 Runnable 线程 , 等此线程执行完毕后, 再释放拦截的锁

下面以选手比赛建立线程模型, 展示CyclicBarrier 类的使用: 

package _CyclicBarrier;

import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

public class CyclicBarrierDemo {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		CyclicBarrier cb = new CyclicBarrier(4,new Runnable() {
			
			@Override
			public void run() {
				System.out.println("开始比赛");
				try {
					Thread.sleep(1000);
				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				}
			}
		});
		
		CyclicBarrier cb2 = new CyclicBarrier(4,new Runnable() {
			
			@Override
			public void run() {
				System.out.println("比赛结束");
			}
		});
		
		ExecutorService newCachedThreadPool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
		for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
			newCachedThreadPool.execute(new Runnable() {
				
				@Override
				public void run() {
					System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" 选手已经准备好 !!");
					try {
						cb.await();
					} catch (Exception e) {
					}
					System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" 选手跑到了终点 !!");
					try {
						cb2.await();
					} catch (Exception e) {
					}
				}
			});
		}
		
	}
}

其执行的结果是: 

pool-1-thread-2 选手已经准备好 !!
pool-1-thread-4 选手已经准备好 !!
pool-1-thread-3 选手已经准备好 !!
pool-1-thread-1 选手已经准备好 !!
开始比赛
pool-1-thread-1 选手跑到了终点 !!
pool-1-thread-2 选手跑到了终点 !!
pool-1-thread-4 选手跑到了终点 !!
pool-1-thread-3 选手跑到了终点 !!
比赛结束

注意执行的细节, 在输出开始比赛后会等待 1s

说到CyclicBarrier 就不得不与 CountDownLatch 进行比较, 实际上两者最大的区别就是 CyclicBarrier 可以复用, 

同样以比赛构建线程模型 看一个改造后的例子 : 

package _CyclicBarrier;

import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

public class CyclicBarrierDemo {
	
	public static CyclicBarrier cb3 = new CyclicBarrier(2);
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, BrokenBarrierException {
		CyclicBarrier cb = new CyclicBarrier(4,new Runnable() {
			
			@Override
			public void run() {
				System.out.println("开始比赛");
				try {
					Thread.sleep(1000);
				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				}
			}
		});
		
		CyclicBarrier cb2 = new CyclicBarrier(4,new Runnable() {
			
			@Override
			public void run() {
				System.out.println("比赛结束");
				try {
					Thread.sleep(1000);
					cb3.await();
				} catch (Exception e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		});
		
		ExecutorService newCachedThreadPool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
		for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
			newCachedThreadPool.execute(new Runnable() {
				
				@Override
				public void run() {
					System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" 选手已经准备好 !!");
					try {
						cb.await();
					} catch (Exception e) {
					}
					System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" 选手跑到了终点 !!");
					try {
						cb2.await();
					} catch (Exception e) {
					}
				}
			});
		}
		cb3.await();
		System.out.println("==========准备下一次比赛==========");
		Thread.sleep(2000);
		
		
		for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
			newCachedThreadPool.execute(new Runnable() {
				
				@Override
				public void run() {
					System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" 选手已经准备好 !!");
					try {
						cb.await();
					} catch (Exception e) {
					}
					System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" 选手跑到了终点 !!");
					try {
						cb2.await();
					} catch (Exception e) {
					}
				}
			});
		}
		
	}
}

输出结果:

pool-1-thread-1 选手已经准备好 !!
pool-1-thread-3 选手已经准备好 !!
pool-1-thread-2 选手已经准备好 !!
pool-1-thread-4 选手已经准备好 !!
开始比赛
pool-1-thread-4 选手跑到了终点 !!
pool-1-thread-1 选手跑到了终点 !!
pool-1-thread-3 选手跑到了终点 !!
pool-1-thread-2 选手跑到了终点 !!
比赛结束
==========准备下一次比赛==========
pool-1-thread-1 选手已经准备好 !!
pool-1-thread-2 选手已经准备好 !!
pool-1-thread-3 选手已经准备好 !!
pool-1-thread-4 选手已经准备好 !!
开始比赛
pool-1-thread-4 选手跑到了终点 !!
pool-1-thread-1 选手跑到了终点 !!
pool-1-thread-2 选手跑到了终点 !!
pool-1-thread-3 选手跑到了终点 !!
比赛结束

使用 CyclicBarrier 可以轻松管理多线程任务;