贪吃蛇小游戏

最新推荐文章于 2021-09-07 14:47:42 发布

weixin_38770259

最新推荐文章于 2021-09-07 14:47:42 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38770259/article/details/85269540

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首先，一开始先上个程序运行的结果图

********************************核心模块********************************

核心的模块分为三个部分：1、显示游戏模块；2、游戏运行模块；3、游戏结束模块。

一、显示游戏模块

1、先设置游戏窗口的大小，我设置为640*480的窗口大小，然后设置每一个单元格的大小（必须得能够被640*480整除）

2、绘制游戏开始的界面，等待事件的输入

3、显示游戏开始画面的函数showStartScreen

def showStartScreen():
    DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
    titleFont = pygame.font.SysFont('PAPYRUS.ttf',100)
    titleSurf = titleFont.render('Wormy!',True,GREEN)
    titleRect = titleSurf.get_rect()
    titleRect.center = (windowWidth/2,windowHeight/2)
    DISPLAYSURF.blit(titleSurf,titleRect)
    drawPressKeyMsg()
    pygame.display.update()
    while True:
        if checkForKeyPress():
            pygame.event.get()
            return

①填充背景颜色

②设置游戏开始是显示在窗口上的文字

③设置文字在窗口上边的位置,titleSurf.get_rect(),创建一个矩形对象,she设置了矩形对象的属性值Center在320,240

④DisplaySurf.blit()将对象显示出来，调用pygame.display.update()让显示窗口对象显示在屏幕上

⑤在窗口上边显示提示信息，用到了方法drawPressKeyMsg（）

def drawPressKeyMsg():
    pressKeySurf = BASICFONT.render('Press a key to play',True,DARKGRAY)
    pressKeyRect = pressKeySurf.get_rect()
    pressKeyRect.topleft = (windowWidth-200,windowHeight-30)
    DISPLAYSURF.blit(pressKeySurf,pressKeyRect)

方法逻辑类似上边

⑥获取按键事件进入到游戏界面，里边的检查按键对象的方法checkFOrKeyPress（）

def checkForKeyPress():
    if len(pygame.event.get(QUIT))>0:
        terminate()
    keyUpEvents = pygame.event.get(KEYUP)
    if len(keyUpEvents) == 0:
        return None
    if keyUpEvents[0].key == K_ESCAPE:
        terminate()
    return keyUpEvents[0].key

二、游戏开始模块

1、显示游戏运行的主函数runGame()

详细注释中有说明逻辑过程

def runGame():
    startx = random.randint(5,cellWidth-6)
    starty = random.randint(5,cellHeight-6)
    wormCoords = [{'x':startx,'y':starty},
                  {'x':startx-1,'y':starty},
                  {'x':startx-2,'y':starty}] # 随机设置蛇起始的位置，开始的时候为三个单元格，方向向右
    direction = RIGHT
    apple = getRandomLocation() # 随机设置苹果的位置，占一个单元格

    while True: # 游戏主循环体
        for event in pygame.event.get(): # 通过按键事件改编蛇的方向
            if event.type == QUIT:
                terminate()
            elif event.type == KEYDOWN:
                if(event.key == K_LEFT or event.key == K_a) and direction != RIGHT:
                    direction = LEFT
                elif(event.key == K_RIGHT or event.key == K_d) and direction !=LEFT:
                    direction = RIGHT
                elif(event.key == K_UP or event.key == K_w) and direction != DOWN:
                    direction = UP
                elif(event.key == K_DOWN or event.key == K_s) and direction !=UP:
                    direction = DOWN
                elif event.key == K_ESCAPE:
                    terminate()
        if wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == -1 or wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == cellWidth or wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == -1 or \
                wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == cellHeight: # 碰到边界游戏结束
            return # game over
        for wormBody in wormCoords[1:]:
            if wormBody['x'] == wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] and wormBody['y'] == wormCoords[HEAD]['y']:
                return # game over # 碰到自己游戏结束
            if wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == apple['x'] and wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == apple['y']:
                apple = getRandomLocation()
            else:
                del wormCoords[-1]
            if direction == UP:  # 改变方向后蛇头的坐标发生的变化
                newHead = {'x':wormCoords[HEAD]['x'],'y':wormCoords[HEAD]['y']-1}
            elif direction == DOWN:
                newHead = {'x':wormCoords[HEAD]['x'],'y':wormCoords[HEAD]['y']+1}
            elif direction == LEFT:
                newHead = {'x':wormCoords[HEAD]['x']-1,'y':wormCoords[HEAD]['y']}
            elif direction == RIGHT:
                newHead = {'x':wormCoords[HEAD]['x']+1,'y':wormCoords[HEAD]['y']}
            wormCoords.insert(0,newHead)
            DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
            drawWorm(wormCoords)  # 将蛇绘制出来
            drawApple(apple) # 绘制苹果
            drawScore(len(wormCoords)-3) #绘制分数
            pygame.display.update()
            FPSCLOCK.tick(FPS) #设置动画每一秒的帧数

三、游戏结束模块

1、游戏结束模块的主要方法是showGameOverScreen（）

def showGameOverScreen():
    gameOverFont = pygame.font.SysFont('PAPYRUS.ttf',50)
    gameSurf = gameOverFont.render('Game',True,WHITE)
    overSurf = gameOverFont.render('Over',True,WHITE)
    gameRect = gameSurf.get_rect()
    overRect = gameSurf.get_rect()
    gameRect.midtop = (windowWidth/2,windowHeight/2-gameRect.height-10)
    overRect.midtop = (windowWidth/2,windowWidth/2)

    DISPLAYSURF.blit(gameSurf,gameRect)
    DISPLAYSURF.blit(overSurf,overRect)
    drawPressKeyMsg()
    pygame.display.update()
    pygame.display.update()
    pygame.time.wait(500)
    checkForKeyPress()

    while True:
        if checkForKeyPress():
            pygame.event.get()
            return

①方法逻辑与显示游戏开始界面类似，先设置窗口显示文字的样式和位置和提示信息

②获取按键事件，按任意按键进入下一次游戏

四、运行的主要方法

游戏运行和三个模块的主要方法放在了main（）方法里边，在main（）方法中设置了一个死循环，在游戏运行画面和结束画面中，没有退出按键事件的时候，将循环进行游戏

全部代码显示如下：

import random,sys,time,pygame
from pygame.locals import *

FPS = 5
windowWidth = 640
windowHeight = 480
cellSize = 20

assert windowWidth % cellSize == 0,"Window width must be a multiple of cell size."
assert windowHeight % cellSize == 0,"Window height must be a multiple of cell size"

# 横向和纵向的方格数
cellWidth = int(windowWidth / cellSize)
cellHeight = int(windowHeight / cellSize)

# 定义几个常用的颜色
WHITE = (255,255,255)
BLACK = (0,0,0)
RED = (255,0,0)
GREEN = (0,255,0)
DARKGREEN = (0,155,0)
DARKGRAY= (40,40,40)
BGCOLOR = BLACK

# 定义贪吃蛇的动作
UP = 'up'
DOWN = 'down'
LEFT = 'left'
RIGHT = 'right'

# 贪吃蛇的头
HEAD = 0


def main():
    global FPSCLOCK,DISPLAYSURF,BASICFONT
    pygame.init()
    FPSCLOCK = pygame.time.Clock()
    DISPLAYSURF = pygame.display.set_mode((windowWidth, windowHeight))
    BASICFONT = pygame.font.SysFont('PAPYRUS.ttf', 18)
    pygame.display.set_caption('Wormy')

    showStartScreen()  # 显示游戏开始的画面
    while True:
        runGame() # 运行游戏
        showGameOverScreen() # 显示游戏结束画面


def runGame():
    startx = random.randint(5,cellWidth-6)
    starty = random.randint(5,cellHeight-6)
    wormCoords = [{'x':startx,'y':starty},
                  {'x':startx-1,'y':starty},
                  {'x':startx-2,'y':starty}] # 随机设置蛇起始的位置，开始的时候为三个单元格，方向向右
    direction = RIGHT
    apple = getRandomLocation() # 随机设置苹果的位置，占一个单元格

    while True: # 游戏主循环体
        for event in pygame.event.get(): # 通过按键事件改编蛇的方向
            if event.type == QUIT:
                terminate()
            elif event.type == KEYDOWN:
                if(event.key == K_LEFT or event.key == K_a) and direction != RIGHT:
                    direction = LEFT
                elif(event.key == K_RIGHT or event.key == K_d) and direction !=LEFT:
                    direction = RIGHT
                elif(event.key == K_UP or event.key == K_w) and direction != DOWN:
                    direction = UP
                elif(event.key == K_DOWN or event.key == K_s) and direction !=UP:
                    direction = DOWN
                elif event.key == K_ESCAPE:
                    terminate()
        if wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == -1 or wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == cellWidth or wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == -1 or \
                wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == cellHeight: # 碰到边界游戏结束
            return # game over
        for wormBody in wormCoords[1:]:
            if wormBody['x'] == wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] and wormBody['y'] == wormCoords[HEAD]['y']:
                return # game over # 碰到自己游戏结束
            if wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == apple['x'] and wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == apple['y']:
                apple = getRandomLocation()
            else:
                del wormCoords[-1]
            if direction == UP:  # 改变方向后蛇头的坐标发生的变化
                newHead = {'x':wormCoords[HEAD]['x'],'y':wormCoords[HEAD]['y']-1}
            elif direction == DOWN:
                newHead = {'x':wormCoords[HEAD]['x'],'y':wormCoords[HEAD]['y']+1}
            elif direction == LEFT:
                newHead = {'x':wormCoords[HEAD]['x']-1,'y':wormCoords[HEAD]['y']}
            elif direction == RIGHT:
                newHead = {'x':wormCoords[HEAD]['x']+1,'y':wormCoords[HEAD]['y']}
            wormCoords.insert(0,newHead)
            DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
            drawWorm(wormCoords)  # 将蛇绘制出来
            drawApple(apple) # 绘制苹果
            drawScore(len(wormCoords)-3) #绘制分数
            pygame.display.update()
            FPSCLOCK.tick(FPS) #设置动画每一秒的帧数


# 绘制提示消息
def drawPressKeyMsg():
    pressKeySurf = BASICFONT.render('Press a key to play',True,DARKGRAY)
    pressKeyRect = pressKeySurf.get_rect()
    pressKeyRect.topleft = (windowWidth-200,windowHeight-30)
    DISPLAYSURF.blit(pressKeySurf,pressKeyRect)


def checkForKeyPress():
    if len(pygame.event.get(QUIT))>0:
        terminate()
    keyUpEvents = pygame.event.get(KEYUP)
    if len(keyUpEvents) == 0:
        return None
    if keyUpEvents[0].key == K_ESCAPE:
        terminate()
    return keyUpEvents[0].key


def showStartScreen():
    DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
    titleFont = pygame.font.SysFont('PAPYRUS.ttf',100)
    titleSurf = titleFont.render('Wormy!',True,GREEN)
    titleRect = titleSurf.get_rect()
    titleRect.center = (windowWidth/2,windowHeight/2)
    DISPLAYSURF.blit(titleSurf,titleRect)
    drawPressKeyMsg()
    pygame.display.update()
    while True:
        if checkForKeyPress():
            pygame.event.get()
            return


# 退出
def terminate():
    pygame.quit()
    sys.exit()


# 随机生成一个坐标位置
def getRandomLocation():
    return {'x':random.randint(0,cellWidth-1),'y':random.randint(0,cellHeight-1)}


#显示游戏结束的画面
def showGameOverScreen():
    gameOverFont = pygame.font.SysFont('PAPYRUS.ttf',50)
    gameSurf = gameOverFont.render('Game',True,WHITE)
    overSurf = gameOverFont.render('Over',True,WHITE)
    gameRect = gameSurf.get_rect()
    overRect = gameSurf.get_rect()
    gameRect.midtop = (windowWidth/2,windowHeight/2-gameRect.height-10)
    overRect.midtop = (windowWidth/2,windowWidth/2)

    DISPLAYSURF.blit(gameSurf,gameRect)
    DISPLAYSURF.blit(overSurf,overRect)
    drawPressKeyMsg()
    pygame.display.update()
    pygame.display.update()
    pygame.time.wait(500)
    checkForKeyPress()

    while True:
        if checkForKeyPress():
            pygame.event.get()
            return

# 绘制分数
def drawScore(score):
    scoreSurf = BASICFONT.render('Score:%s'%(score),True,WHITE)
    scoreRect = scoreSurf.get_rect()
    scoreRect.topleft = (windowWidth-120,10)
    DISPLAYSURF.blit(scoreSurf,scoreRect)


# 根据wormCoords数组绘制贪吃蛇
def drawWorm(wormCoords):
    for coord in wormCoords:
        x = coord['x'] * cellSize
        y = coord['y'] * cellSize
        wormSegmentRect = pygame.Rect(x, y, cellSize, cellSize)
        pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, DARKGREEN, wormSegmentRect)
        wormInnerSegmentRect = pygame.Rect(x + 4, y + 4, cellSize - 8, cellSize - 8)
        pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, GREEN, wormInnerSegmentRect)


# 根据 coord 绘制 apple
def drawApple(coord):
    x = coord['x'] * cellSize
    y = coord['y'] * cellSize
    appleRect = pygame.Rect(x, y, cellSize, cellSize)
    pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, RED, appleRect)


# 绘制所有的方格
def drawGrid():
    for x in range(0, windowWidth, cellSize):  # draw vertical lines
        pygame.draw.line(DISPLAYSURF, DARKGRAY, (x, 0), (x, windowHeight))
    for y in range(0, windowHeight, cellSize):  # draw horizontal lines
        pygame.draw.line(DISPLAYSURF, DARKGRAY, (0, y), (windowWidth, y))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

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贪吃蛇小游戏

首先，一开始先上个程序运行的结果图 ********************************核心模块********************************核心的模块分为三个部分：1、显示游戏模块；2、游戏运行...
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