常用命令合集

设置永久清华源

pip config set global.index-url https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

Docker

dockerfile

FROM nvidia/cuda:11.8.0-devel-ubuntu20.04

RUN rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
RUN apt-get clean
RUN apt update
RUN apt upgrade -y

RUN apt install vim -y

RUN ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime && \
    echo "Asia/Shanghai" > /etc/timezone

RUN DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt install -y tzdata
RUN apt install software-properties-common -y
RUN add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa -y
RUN apt update && apt install python3.10 python3.10-distutils python3.10-dev python3.10-tk -y
RUN apt install curl gcc git libglib2.0-dev libsm6 libxrender1 libxext6 libgl1 -y

# 安装pip 网速快的话走这步
RUN curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o /root/get-pip.py
RUN python3.10 /root/get-pip.py && rm -rf /root/get-pip.py

# Install pip
# RUN apt install python3-pip git -y
# RUN python3.10 -m pip install --upgrade pip  

RUN apt install ffmpeg -y

# 安装python
RUN python3.10 -m pip install -i https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ --upgrade pip
RUN python3.10 -m pip config set global.index-url https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/

运行容器

sudo docker run --name <your_container_name> --shm-size 32G -v <your_mount_dir>:<docker_inner_dir> -p 9006:22 -p 9007:7860 -p 9008:8000 --restart=always --gpus=all <image_id> /usr/sbin/init 

# 在容器内创建一个新的bash会话，有了这个会话就可以在容器中运行其它命令了
docker exec -it <container_id> /bin/bash 

安装conda

wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/archive/Anaconda3-2021.11-Linux-x86_64.sh

启动ssh

apt-get install openssh-server

# 调整/etc/ssh/sshd_config
# 确保以下配置项被启用（非命令,vim命令自己学）
vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config

PubkeyAuthentication yes #启用公钥私钥配对认证方式
PermitRootLogin yes #root能使用ssh登录
port=22 #开启22端口

# 修改root密码
passwd

# 重新启动 SSH 服务器以应用更改
service ssh restart

# ssh验证
ssh -p 22 root@0.0.0.0

安装Git

sudo apt-get install git

git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global user.email "email@example.com"

调整apt源

# 备份旧的下载源
mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.old

# 创建新的下载源
vim /etc/apt/sources.list

# 添加进去
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

# 更新源
apt update

# 安装
apt-get install systemd -y
apt-get install systemctl -y

部署fastchat

# 结合FastChat和vLLM搭建一个网页Demo或者类OpenAI API服务器，首先启动一个controller
python -m fastchat.serve.controller --host 0.0.0.0 --port 9360

# 启动vllm_worker发布模型
python -m fastchat.serve.vllm_worker --model-path Qwen/Qwen1.5-14B-Chat-GPTQ-Int4 --trust-remote
-code --tensor-parallel-size 2 --gpu_memory_utilization 0.7 --max-model-len 1024 --host 0.0.0.0 --port 9360

# 启动gradio页面
python -m fastchat.serve.gradio_web_server --host 0.0.0.0 --port 9360

重启docker

docker restart <Container ID>

docker exec -it <Container ID> /bin/bash

# 重启ssh和猫猫
service ssh restart

nohup /opt/clash/clash -d /opt/clash > /opt/clash/run.log &

Ollama（Linux）

# 安装ollama
curl https://ollama.ai/install.sh | sh 

# 启动ollama serve
OLLAMA_HOST=0.0.0.0:7861 OLLAMA_ORIGINS=* ollama serve

# 运行ollama模型 
OLLAMA_HOST=0.0.0.0:7861 OLLAMA_ORIGINS=* ollama run llama3:8b

# 查看ollama 本地模型
OLLAMA_HOST=0.0.0.0:7861 ollama list

# 删除ollama模型
OLLAMA_HOST=0.0.0.0:7861 ollama rm xxx

ollma的数据存在 ~/.ollama
3B模型需要8G内存，7B模型需要16G内存，13B模型需要32G内存。

GPU命令

# 查看显存pid
nvidia-smi --query-compute-apps=pid,used_memory --format=csv

# 杀死用户下的所有PID
pkill -u bim
killall -u bim

安装nvitop

史上最强GPU监控工具

pip3 install --upgrade nvitop

杀死windows进程

查看所有端口占用情况：netstat -ano
查看指定端口占用情况：netstat -aon|findstr "端口号"
根据PID查看相应的进程或程序：tasklist|findstr "PID号"
结束相应进程：taskkill /f /t /im 进程名或PID号