原因:基于xml的装配可能会导致XML文件的臃肿,所以产生了基于Annotation的装配。具体的步骤如下:
为了看的更清楚,我先截了一下我的项目细节:
接下来我会按照步骤贴出对应的代码:
(1)创建接口UserDao并定义save方法
package com.ssm.annotation;
public interface UserDao {
public void save();
}
(2) 创建UserDao的实现类UserDaoImpl
package com.ssm.annotation;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
@Repository("userDao")
//上一句相当于配置文件中的:<bean id="UserDao" class="com.ssm.annotation.UserDaoImpl"/>
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao{
public void save(){
System.out.println("UserDao....save...");
}
}
(3)创建UserService接口并定义save方法
package com.ssm.annotation;
public interface UserService {
public void save();
}
(4)创建UserService的实现类UserServiceImpl
package com.ssm.annotation;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@Service("userService")
//@Service("userService")就相当于配置文件中的<bean id="userService" class="com.ssm.annotation.UserServiceImpl"/>
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
@Resource(name="userDao")
private UserDao userDao;
public void save(){
this.userDao.save();
System.out.println("userService....save");
}
public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao){
this.userDao=userDao;
}
}
(5)创建一个UserController类
package com.ssm.annotation;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@Controller("userController")
//@Service("userService")就相当于配置文件中的<bean id="userService" class="com.ssm.annotation.UserServiceImpl"/>
public class UserController {
@Resource(name="userService")
private UserService userService;
public void save(){
this.userService.save();
System.out.println("userController ....save");
}
public void setUserService(UserService userService){
this.userService=userService;
}
}
(6)在resources下面创建一个beans6.xml,相比于以前修改的地方是第四行,第七行,第八行
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
">
<!-- 使用context命名空间,在配置文件中开启相应的注解处理器-->
<context:annotation-config />
<!--分别定义3个Bean实例-->
<!-- <bean id="userDao" class="com.ssm.annotation.UserDaoImpl"/>-->
<!-- <bean id="userService" class="com.ssm.annotation.UserServiceImpl"/>-->
<!-- <bean id="userController" class="com.ssm.annotation.UserController"/>-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm.annotation"/>
</beans>
(7)最后,在java目录下创建一个测试类AnnotationAssembleTest。
package com.ssm.annotation;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class AnnotationAssembleTest {
public static void main(String[] args){
//定义配置文件路径
String xmlPath="beans6.xml";
//加载配置文件
ApplicationContext applicationContext=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath);
//获取userController实例
UserController userController=(UserController) applicationContext.getBean("userController");
//调用UserController中的save()方法
userController.save();
}
}
(8)运行结果如下:这说明我们已经实现了基于Annotation的装配Bean