C++基础：强化练习，从点到线再到三角形

最新推荐文章于 2022-06-24 21:36:10 发布

Warrior-K

最新推荐文章于 2022-06-24 21:36:10 发布

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分类专栏： C++ 文章标签： c++

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39398433/article/details/118047640

版权

本文探讨了C++中二维坐标系下点、圆、线和三角形的类实现，强调了使用组合而非继承的关系设计。详细介绍了如何判断线的平行与垂直，计算三角形面积，以及实现抽象图形类来判断点是否在图形上。

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文章目录

1. 实现二维坐标下的类，点Point和圆Circle
2. 实现二维坐标下的类，线Line和三角形Triangle
- 2.1 两条线是否平行或者垂直
- 2.2 直角三角形
3. 抽象类

1. 实现二维坐标下的类，点Point和圆Circle

用横纵坐标确定一个点，用一个点和一个半径确定一个圆

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Point{
   
protected:
        int x;
        int y;
public:
        Point(int x,int y):x(x),y(y){
   }
        int GetX() const {
   return x;}          // 获取x
        int GetY() const {
   return y;}          // 获取y
        friend ostream& operator << (ostream& os,const Point& p){
          // <<运算符重载
                return os << "(" << p.x << "," << p.y << ")";
        }
};

/*
ostream& operator << (ostream& os,const Point& p){
        return os << "(" << p.GetX() << "," << p.GetY() << ")";
}
*/

class Circle:public Point{
   
        int r;
public:
        Circle(int x,int y,int r):Point(x,y),r(r){
   }
        int GetR() const {
   return r;}           // 获取半径
        Point GetCenter() const {
   return Point(x,y);}        // 获取圆心
        friend ostream& operator << (ostream& os,const Circle& p){
         
                return os << "(" << p.x << "," << p.y << "," << p.r << ")";
        }
};

int main(){
   
        Point p(2,3);
        cout << p << endl;
        Circle c(1,2,5);
        cout << c << endl;
}

结果为：

(2,3)
(1,2,5)

继承：A is a B
Circle is a Point ??? NO

组合：A has a B
Circle has a Point ??? YES

按照正确的逻辑，应该使用组合而非继承

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Point{
   
protected:
        int x;
        int y;
public:
        Point(int x,int y):x(x),y(y){
   }
        int GetX() const {
   return x;}
        int GetY() const {
   return y;}
        friend ostream& operator << (ostream& os,const Point& p){
   
                return os << "(" << p.x << "," << p.y << ")";
        }
};

class Circle /*:public Point*/{
   
        int r;
        Point center;
public:
        Circle(int x,int y,int r):center(x,y),r(r){
   }
        int GetR() const {
   return r;}
        Point GetCenter() const {
   return center;}
        friend ostream& operator << (ostream& os,const Circle& p){
   
                return os << "(" << p.center.GetX() << "," << p.center.GetY() << "," << p.r << ")";
        }
};

int main(){
   
        Point p(2,3);
        cout << p << endl;
        Circle c(1,2,5);
        cout << c << endl;
}

2. 实现二维坐标下的类，线Line和三角形Triangle

用两个点确定一条线，用三个点确定一个三角形

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;

class Point{
   
protected:
        int x;
        int y;
public:
        Point(int x,int y):x(x),y(y){
   }
        int GetX() const {
   return x;}
        int GetY() const {
   return y;}
        friend ostream& operator << (ostream& os,const Point& p){
   
                return os << "(" << p.x << "," << p.y << ")";
        }
};

class Line {
   
        Point a;
        Point b;
public:
        Line(const Point& a,const Point& b):a(a),b(b){
   }
        float GetLength() const{
               // 计算线段的长度
                int w = a.GetX()-b.GetX();
                int h = a.GetY()-b.GetY();
                return sqrt(w*w+h*h);
        }
        friend ostream& operator << (ostream& os,const Line& line){
         // 打印线段两点
                return os << line.a << "~" << line.b;
        }
};

class Triangle{
   
        Point a;
        Point b;
        Point c;
public:
        Triangle(const Point& a,const Point& b,const Point& c):a(a),b(b),c(c){
   }
        float GetLength() const{
              // 计算三角形周长
                return Line(a,b).GetLength() + Line(a,c).GetLength() + Line(b,c).GetLength();
        }
        friend ostream& operator << (ostream& os,const Triangle& t){
              // 打印三角形三点
                return os << "[" << t.a << "," << t.b << "," << t.c << "]";
        }
};

int main(){
   
        Point p(4,3);         // 点(4,3)
        cout << p << endl;

        Point o(0,0);
        Line line(p,o);         // 直线(4,3)~(0,0)
        cout << line << " " << line.GetLength() << endl;

        Triangle t(p,o,Point(1,-1));